OBJECTIVETo extract and identify the chemical constituents of essential oil from Lonicera fulvotomentosa in different collected periods (bud, Silver-flower and Golden-flower periods).

METHODExtracts in three different collected periods were subjected to GC-MS analysis for determination of their chemical constituents.

RESULTThe 29, 34 and 28 kinds of chemical constituents corresponding to the above three periods were found, and 44 kinds of compounds were identified. The relative content of every chemical constituents in each essential oil was obtained by area normalization method.

CONCLUSIONThe O-tolyl isocyanide was detected from essential oil of Lonicera for the first time. The result indicated that the highest relative content in essential oil in the three periods is alcohol substance and the second is ester and aldehyde. Many common constituents in the essential oil from L. fulvotomentosa, including linalool, hyacinthin, O-tolyl isocyanide, geraniol, methyl anthranilate, and so on, all could be detected in the three periods. However, the differences of their relative content are obvious.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo establish a chromatographic fingerprint of Lonicera japonica and apply it to identify geo-authentic of L. japonica.

METHODThe HPLC was applied in chromatographic separation and data were analysed by "computed aided similarity evaluation" software.

RESULTThere exited distinct difference of chemical components group between and non-authentic samples.

CONCLUSIONThe established HPLC fingerprint can be used for the identification of geo-authentic of L. japonica.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Geography ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; classification

OBJECTIVETo remove plumbum ion from the extract of Lonicera japonica by gamma-mercaptopropyl-modified silica gel (MPS).

METHODThe reference plumbum ion solution was added into the extract of L. japonica as the tested samples. The static and dynamic adsorptions were investigated to evaluate the influent factors on the removal of plumbum ion in the extract. The solid content and HPLC profiles of the extract were determined to evaluate the process changes.

RESULTMPS showed excellent adsorption charateristics to remove plumbum ion from the extract of L. japonica, with fast adsorption rate and more than 80% removal efficiency. The optimum parameters were as follows: 6 times sample volume, 10 times of height to diameter, and 6 BV x h(-1) of flow velocity, at the temperature of 25 degrees C. During the removal process, obvious changes of solid content and HPLC profiles were not observed.

CONCLUSIONMPS could be used to remove plumbum ion from extract of L. japonica.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Lead ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Silica Gel ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo establish an analysical method for the quantitative determination of 18 kinds of organophosphate pesticide residues in Flos Lonicerae.

METHODThe pesticides in samples were extracted with acetone by Ultrasonic wave Assistant Extraction (UAE), purified by Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE). Using PFPD detecter gas chromatography with HP-1701 column.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONAll 18 pesticides were separated well in 30 minutes. The detection limits was 4.0-18.0 microg x kg(-1). The range of recovery and RSD were 83.64%-88.65% and 2.8%-6.0%, respectively. And it met the requirements of pesticide multi-residues analysis.

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; analysis ; Pesticide Residues ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analyse the trace elements presented in the same germplasm of Flos Lonicerae with the soil in different producing areas of crude drugs and to investigate, the relationship between the trace elements and the characteristics of the geo-authentic Flos Lonicerae in the soil and crude drugs.

METHODThe analyses on the trace elements of soil and crude drugs were made by ICP-AES.

RESULTThe contents of Sr, K, Na, Mg and Ca were higher in the geo-authentic areas, and the contents of Ca, Sr and Fe were higher, but the Cr and Pb were lower in the geo-authentic Flos Lonicerae. The geo-authentic crude drugs had a strong tendency to accumulate P and Cu.

CONCLUSIONThere are no direct relationship between the concentrations of trace elements in Flos Lonicerae and those in their corresponding soil. There are good relationship between the absorption and accumulation of Ca and Cr, Co, Na and Fe; Zn and Co, Cr, Mn; Na and Co; Mg and Mn.

China ; Ecosystem ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Soil ; analysis ; Trace Elements ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-complementary phenolic acids from Lonicera japonica.

METHODThe anti-complementary activity-directed isolation was carried out with the hemolysis test as guide. All isolation was evaluated for their in vitro anti-complementary activities. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR data.

RESULTFourteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of L. japonica extracts, including 8 phenolic acids: 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), chlorogenic (2), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), caffeic acid (7) and methyl caffeate acid (8); 3 iridoids: secologanoside (9), sweroside (10) and secoxyloganin (11); and 3 flavonoids: luteolin (12), quercetin (13) and kaempferol (14). Compounds 1-9 and 11-14 showed anti-complementary activity in different extents and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) exhibited the most significant activity against the classical pathway.

CONCLUSIONCompound 14 is obtained from this plant for the first time, phenolic acids are the main anti-complementary constituents of L. japonica and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(4) is a potential complement inhibitor with strong activity, which worthy to be studied further in the future.

Complement Inactivating Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hydroxybenzoates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lonicera ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for determination of loniceroside A and loniceroside C in Lonicerae japonicae.

METHODThe analysis was carried out on an Alltech C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) evaluated with methanol-acetonitrile-0.1% glacial acetic acid as mobile phase. Flow rate was at 1.0 mL x min(-1) and the detection wavelength was at 210 nm for UV detection.

RESULTThe calibration curves were linear over the range from 0.15 to 2.25 microg (r = 0.999 9) for loniceroside A and 0.11 to 1.65 microg (r = 0.999 1) for loniceroside C. The average recoveries were 99.9% and 98.3%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe contents of Loniceroside A&C are diverse in Flos Lonicerae japonicae in different regions.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Saponins ; analysis

This study aims to develop an HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of 11 components(6 phenolic acids and 5 iridoids) in Lonicera japonica flowers(LjF) and leaves(LjL), and compare the content differences of LjF at different development stages, LjL at different maturity levels, and between LjF and LjL. One-way ANOVA, principal component analysis(PCA), and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed to compare the content of the 11 components. The content of total phenolic acids, total iridoid glycosides, and total 11 components in LjF showed an overall downward trend with the development of flowers. The content of total phenolic acids, total iridoid glycosides, and total 11 components in young leaves were higher than those in mature leaves. The results of PCA showed that the samples at different flowering stages had distinguishable differences in component content. The VIP value of OPLS-DA showed that isochlorogenic acid A, chlorogenic acid, and secologanic acid were the main differential components of LjF at different development stages or LjL with different maturity levels. LjF and LjL have certain similarities in chemical composition while significant differences in component content. The content of total phenolic acids in young leaves was significantly higher than that in LjF at various development stages. The content of total iridoid glycosides in young leaves was similar to that in LjF before white flower bud stage. The total content of 11 components in young leaves was significantly higher than that in LjF at green flower bud stage, before and during completely white flower bud stage. LjL have great potential for development. Follow-up research on the pharmacodynamic equivalence of LjF and LjL(especially young leaves) should be carried out to speed up the development and application of LjL.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Iridoid Glycosides/analysis* ; Lonicera/chemistry* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry*

Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, as common Chinese medicine, has been used for thousands of years in the treatment of inflammation and infectious diseases with definite efficacies. The complex composition of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos results in its extensive pharmacological effects, so the assessment of its quality by only a few index components is not comprehensive. Guided by the quality marker(Q-marker), the present study comprehensively analyzed and predicted the quality connotation of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos based on the chemical composition and component transfer, the phylogenetic relationship, chemical composition effectiveness, measurability, and specificity. Chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C, luteoloside, rutin, sweroside, and secoxyloganin were predicted as candidate Q-markers of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Lonicera/chemistry* ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control

The grey correlation-TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the quality of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, and the Fourier transform near-infrared(NIR) and mid-infrared(MIR) spectroscopy was applied to establish the identification model of origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by combining chemometrics and spectral fusion strategies. The content of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, secoxyloganin, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C in six origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and their quality was evaluated by the grey correlation-TOPSIS method. The Fourier transform NIR and MIR spectra of six origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(Lonicera japonica, L. macranthoides, L. hypoglauca, L. fulvotomentosa, L. confuse, and L. similis) were collected. At the same time, principal component analysis(PCA), support vector machine(SVM), and spectral data fusion technology were combined to determine the optimal identification method for the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. There were differences in the quality of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Specifically, there were significant differences between L. japonica and the other five origin herbs(P<0.01). The quality of L. similis was significantly different from that of L. fulvotomentosa, L. macranthoides, and L. hypoglauca(P=0.008, 0.027, 0.01), and there were also significant differences in the quality of L. hypoglauca and L. confuse(P=0.001). The PCA and SVM 2D models based on a single spectrum could not be used for the effective identification of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. The data fusion combined with the SVM model further improved the identification accuracy, and the identification accuracy of the mid-level data fusion reached 100%. Therefore, the grey correlation-TOPSIS method can be used to evaluate the quality of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Based on the infrared spectral data fusion strategy and SVM chemometric model, it can accurately identify the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, which can provide a new method for the origin identification of medicinal materials of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Quality Control ; Lonicera/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*