Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of intrathecal injecting κ-opioid receptor agonist U50, 488H on the rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.Methods 50 Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10): sham group (Sham), ischemia/reperfusion group (IR), high-dose intravenous injection group (IV1), low-dose intravenous injection group (IV2), and intrathecal injection group (IT).In sham group the rats were followed by the modeling step without ligation of the left coronary and no drug injection by intravenous or intrathecal; in IR group the rats were underwent 30 minutes of myocardial ischemia followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion, and were not treated with any drug.All the rats in IV1, IV2 and IT groups were intravenous injected with U50, 488H at 1 hour before they were underwent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion as in IR group.IV1 and IV2 groups were intravenous injected with U50, 488H respectively at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg, while the IT group was intrathecal injected with U50, 488H at the dose of 0.01mg/kg.All the rats from 5 groups were observed with cardiac ultrasound, myocardial sirius staining, serum CGRP and ET level.Results Compared to IR group(EF%=35.4 ±1.1,FS% =21.1 ±1.1), the rats in IT group (EF%=49.1 ±1.2,FS%=27.1 ±1.0) and IV1 group (EF%=46.3 ±2.2,FS%=26.6 ±0.6) showed better myocardial contraction (P<0.05) and reduced myocardial fibrosis (P<0.05).IT group and IV1 group also showed reduced ET but increased CGRP in the serum (P<0.05).There were no difference between IV2 group and IR group in both observation.Conclusion Pretreatment with intrathecal injection of opium κ-receptor stimulant U50, 488H not only protected the myocardial function from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, but also repressed myocardial fibrosis.The protection may result from modulation of CGRP and ET.

Objective To report the outcome of gefitinib for Chinese patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Methods From Oct. 2002 to Apr. 2006,204 patients with advanced NSCLC received oral ZD1839(250 mg/d)treatment. The were 110(59.9%)men and 94(40.1%)women aged between 25 and 85 years. Thirty-two patients had squamous cell carcinoma, 125 adenocarcinoma, 30 bronchoalveolar carcinoma or adenocarcinoma with partial bronchoalveolar carcinoma, 6 adenosquamous carcinoma. and 11 unspecified. Twenty-six patients had no history of chemotherapy, 62 had no disease progression after chemotherapy, and 111 failed to prior one or more regimens. Median survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and a Cox regression analysis was used to detect differences in median survival between strata. Results The median survival of all patients and of patients failed to prior chemotherapy were 16.3 months(95% confidential interval CI, 14.5-18.2)and 12.5 months(95% CI 9.3-15.7). The rate of 1-year survival was 57%. The obiective tumor response rate and stable disease rate were 31.4% and 41.7% respectively.The median survival were significantly related with ECOG scores,pathology types,disease progression after chemotherapy,objective efficacy of gefitinib and changes of short-breathing. Among 26 patients with no prior chemotherapy,the median survival was not statistically significant compared with that of other patients. Among the enrolled patients,111 had disease progression and 62 had stable disease after prior chemotherapy, and their median survivals was statistically different. At the time of this analysis. 142 patients had disease progression,58 of whom withdrew from taking gefitinib,and 84 continued gefitinib therapy until death. The median survivals for these subgroups were not significantly different. Among 142 patients with disease progression, 40 received other systemic treatment, the median survival was statistically significant compared with that of other patients. Objective response was significantly related with age,smoking status,pathological type,change of short-breathing and rashes induced by gefitinib. Adverse events were generally mild(grade 1 and 2)and reversible. The most frequent adverse events were rash 72.6%(138/190)and diarrhea 33.7%(64/190).Conclusion Our studv suggests that treatment with gefitinib may be well tolerate and beneficial for some Chinese patients after failure of prior chemotherapy.

Objective To assess the outcome of pemetrexed as monotherapy for Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Methods From February 2006 to August 2009, 69 patients with advanced NSCLC, including 36 (52.2% ) men and 33 (47.8%) women, received pemetrexed monotherapy.Six patients had squamous cell carcinoma, 57 adenocarcinoma, 6 unspecified.Median survival (MS) and progress-free survival (PFS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results Adverse events (AEs) were generally mild (grade 1 and 2) and reversible. The most frequent AEs were gastrointestinal adverse events, skin rash, fever and fatigue. Total 5 cases with 3/4 grade AEs were reported, including fever, fatigue, rash, decreased platelets and elevated ALT/AST. The objective tumour response rate and stable disease rate were 10.1% (7/69) and 47.8% (33/69) respectively. Median PFS of all patients was 4.7 months (95% CI 3.0 -6.4) and mean overall survival was 14.7 months (95% CI 11.5 - 17.9).Conclusions Our study suggests that treatment with pemetrexed may be well-tolerated and beneficial for some Chinese patients after failure of prior chemotherapy. The rate of disease control is high and the frequency of 3/4 grade AEs is very low.

An HPLC method to determine six alkaloids of the Coptidis for Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 Edition was established through C18 column. The mobile phase was CH3CN-0.25 mol·L-1 NH4Ac (36:64) (containing 8 mmol·L-1 SDS and adjusting pH 9.3 with ammonia) at the flow rate of 1 mL·min-1, the detective wavelength was 270 nm and the column temperature was 35 oC. The linear ranges of jatrorrhizine hydrochloride, columbamine hydrochloride, epiberberine hydrochloride, coptisine hydrochloride, palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride were 0.006 96-0.233, 0.004 75-0.152, 0.003 30-0.528, 0.006 31-1.010, 0.004 71-0.753, 0.017 8-2.884 μg·mL-1, respectively. The average recoveries were 99.65%, 98.59%, 98.49%, 98.66%, 98.64%, 98.63% and RSD were 0.03%、0.15%、0.21%、0.12%、0.28%、0.23%, respectively. The method is simple and accurate, and can be used to determine the contents of jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine and berberine in the Coptidis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of micro-elements fertilizers on the quality and yields of Artemisia annua.

METHODField experiments were conducted according to the method of random blocks design. After the harvest the yield was calculated and the content of artemisinin was determined.

RESULTBy applying 0.1%-0.5% Mn and 0.1%-0.5% Zn the dried leaf output and artemisinin content were increased.

CONCLUSIONThe suitable ranges of Mn and Zn can increased the yield and artemisinin content of A. annua.

Artemisia annua ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Boron ; pharmacology ; Manganese ; pharmacology ; Zinc ; pharmacology

Objective To identify the risk factors for positive resection residues after endoscopic submucosal dissection ( ESD ) of early esophageal squamous carcinomas and precancerous lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 315 patients with early esophageal squamous cancer and precancerous lesion who underwent ESD. The pathological features of all resection margins in the specimen and the follow?up outcome of the patients with positive resection margin were evaluated. Univariate and multi?variate analysis were used to determine the risk factors for resection margin residues after ESD. Results In 315 lesions,there were 290 lesions with negative resection margins and 25 with positive resection margins.The number of lesions with positive lateral, basal, or both resection margins was 13, 8, and 4, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the depth of invasion( submucosal layer invasion, P=0?048) was the only independent risk factor for positive basal resection margin. The proportion of circumferential extension (≥3/4,P=0?014) and the depth of invasion( exceeding muscularis mucosa, P=0?007) were independent risk factors for positive lateral resection margin. Conclusion The diameter of the lesions and the depth of tumor invasion are independent risk factors for esophageal ESD positive resection margins. Accurate evaluation of lesion extension and invasive depth is critical to avoid residual or recurrent tumor after esophageal ESD.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of element contents and the influencing factors in Codonopsis tangshen.

METHODThe contents of elements were determined and the data was statistically analyzed.

RESULTThe variation coefficients of elements in C. tangshen were lower than those in soil, and variation coefficients of C. tangshen from different habitats were lower than 50%.

CONCLUSIONThe absorption of nutritional elements in C. tangshen was related to content and condition of soil nutrients, and climate etc.

China ; Climate ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Elements ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Soil ; analysis

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of Ezrin and E-cadherin expression with the invasion, metastasis and prognois of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: Imunohistochemical SP staining was used to detect the expression of Ezrin and E-cadherin in 42 nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 10 chronic nasopharyngitis specimens. RESULTS: Ezrin protein expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the chronic nasopharyngitis tissues (P<0.05). E-cadherin expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in the chronic nasopharyngitis tissues (P<0.05). Expressions of both Ezrin and E-cadherin of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were closely associated with T staging,the cervical lymph node metastases and clinical staging (P<0.05). A negative correlation was found between Ezrin and E-cadherin expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues (r=-0.450, P<0.05). Survival analysis showed that the abnormal expression of Ezrin and E-cadhrin, clinical staging and the cervical lymph node metastases were associated with the survival rate of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CONCLUSION A negative correlation is found between Ezrin and E-cadherin expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues. Ezrin and E-cadherin are closely related to clinical staging and the cervical lymph node metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,suggesting that they may be important tumor markers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Combined detection of the expressions of Ezrin and E-cadherin is helpful for clinical doctors to determine the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; Cadherins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with temozolomide (TMZ) for gliomas. METHODS: A total of 78 patients with pathologically confirmed glioma ( from September 2005 to March 2007) were postoperatively divided into 3 groups: a chemotherapy group (n=24), a radiotherapy group (n=25), and a comprehensive therapy group(n=29). The patients received temozolomide alone,3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy alone,3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with temozolomide in the chemotherapy group,the radiotherapy group and the comprehensive therapy group respectively. The survival rate, progression-free survival, overall survival time and adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS: The 3-year survival rate in the comprehensive therapy group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. The 3-year survival rates were 20.83%, 20.00%, and 41.38% in the chemotherapy group, the radiotherapy group and the comprehensive therapy group respectively. The progression-free survival time was 17.68,17.94, and 23.29 months and the average overall survival time was 20.28, 21.54, and 25.75 months in the chemotherapy group, the radiotherapy group and the comprehensive therapy group, respectively.The adverse reactions were mild and tolerable. CONCLUSION Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with temozolomide is more effective for gliomas than the simple 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and the temozolomide chemotherapy alone.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; adverse effects ; Dacarbazine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glioma ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Temozolomide