Objective:To observe the effects of rosiglitazone on transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1)/SMADs signal pathway in dia- betic rat myoeardium(DM)and cardiac remodeling. Methods:Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control,DM and rosiglitazone groups,each having 10 rats.Diabetic rats were induced by a single intrapefitoneal injection of streptozotoein(60mg/kg).A cannula connected to a trans- ducer was inserted into the heart to measure the cardiac function.The body weight,heart weight and heart weight/body weight (HW/BW)were measured.The ultrastruetural changes were evaluated by electron microscope and collagen content was assessed by Van Gieson staining.The mRNA expression level of SMAD3 and SMAD7 were determined by RT-PCR.The protein level of TGF-?1,SMAD3 and SMAD7 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:Compared with the normal controls,diabetic rats experienced marked myocardium damage.Cardiac function,espe- cially diastolic function was impaired,HW/BW(P

With the improvement of living standards,at least a quarter of the global population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),which is considered to be an important cause of the increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in recent years.Finding effective means for disease prevention and/or treatment largely relies on deep understanding of the mechanisms of NAFLD to HCC,which needs to con-struct the stable experimental models to simulate the entire process of disease progression in human NAFLD-HCC.This paper summarizes the animal models which are currently used to study NAFLD-HCC and their ad-vantages and disadvantages,in order to provide a basis for the selection of animal models and accelerate the transition from basic study to clinical study.