Objective To investigate the relationship between the changes of serum human surfactant pro-tein D(SP-D)and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1)levels and postoperative fracture healing and short-term prognosis in patients with traumatic rib fractures.Methods A total of 102 patients with traumatic rib fractures who were treated in Banan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects.After 8 months of treatment,the healing status of the patients was analyzed and divided into non-healing group(21 cases)and healing group(81 cases).Ac-cording to the pulmonary contusion,the patients were divided into pulmonary contusion group(19 cases)and non-pulmonary contusion group(83 cases).The serum levels of SP-D and sVCAM-1 were compared between the healing group and the non-healing group,and between the pulmonary contusion group and the non-pulmo-nary contusion group.The relationship between the changes of serum SP-D and sVCAM-1 levels and postop-erative fracture healing and short-term prognosis in patients with traumatic rib fractures were studied.Results The levels of SP-D and sVCAM-1 in the healing group were lower than those in the non-healing group(P＜0.05).The levels of SP-D and sVCAM-1 in the non-pulmonary contusion group were lower than those in the pulmonary contusion group(P＜0.05).Serum SP-D and sVCAM-1 levels were independent risk factors for postoperative fracture healing and short-term prognosis.Conclusion The changes of serum SP-D and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with traumatic rib fractures are related to fracture healing and short-term prognosis,which can be used as an important reference for prognosis evaluation.