The status of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical lesions was analyzed among 20 420 postmenopausal women who participated in gynecological disease screening in Shanghai Minhang district 2017.The infection rate of HPV in postmenopausal women was 8.37％(1 710/20 420),and the infection of high-risk HPV 52,58,16,18 accounted for 95.26％(2 029/2 130).The HPV infection rate was 7.37％ in women aged ≥65 years,and that was 8.62％ in women aged＜65 years(x2=6.640,P=0.010).Among 552 cases with pathological results there were 133 cases of cervical lesions.The top 4 HPV infections in patients with cervical lesions were HPV16,52,58 and 33.The rate of cervical lesions was 22.35％ in ≥65 age group,and 24.93％ in ＜65 age group (P＞0.05).The study suggests that HPV genotyping should be taken into account in gynecological disease screening,and the subjects with high-risk HPV infection should be closely followed up;meanwhile,the age limits of screening population should be appropriately extended.

Objective To survey the contraceptive knowledge and service ability of postpartum visitors in Shanghai Minhang district.Methods A questionnaire survey on the contraceptive knowledge and contraceptive services was conducted in May 2018 among postpartum visitors from 13 community health service centers in Shanghai Minhang district.Results One hundred and forty-eight valid questionnaires were collected.All the participants were women,among whom 6.8％ (10/148) were obstetricians and gynecologists,8.1％ (12/148) were general practitioners and public health doctors,52.7％ (78/148) were nurses and 32.4％ (48/148) were village doctors.One hundred and ten participants were married women of childbearing age,among whom 18.2％(20/110) did not take contraceptive measures,43.6％(48/110) used condom,10.9％ (12/110) used in vitro ejaculation or safe period or combination of two methods,and only 27.3％(30/1 10) used IUD or tubal ligation.The overall correct rate of contraceptive knowledge was 65.9％ (1 755/2 664).The correct rates of knowledge about postpartum intrauterine device,the placement time of subcutaneous implantation of contraceptives,the correct use of condoms were particularly low.During the visits,postpartum lactating mothers,condom and safe period were recommended for contraception;and condom was recommended most (93.2％,138/148),however,only 24.3％(36/148) of them carried free contraceptive condom when visiting home.Conclusions The general levels of contraception-related knowledge and ability of community postpartum visitors are less satisfactory.It is necessary to strengthen the training and assessment of contraceptive knowledge for them.

Objective To explore the clinical features and causes of misdiagnosis of the patients with acquired deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (ADVKDCF). Methods Retrospective analysis was performed with the data from 62 patients with ADVKDCF for etiological factors, clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations, diagnosis and treatments. Results Among the 62 patients, 51 patients were with unknown causes( subgroup A) and 11 were with clear histories of anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning( subgroup B). The presentations of hemorrhage of the patients varied with hematuria as the most common first symptom,followed by skin, mucosa, muscle, internal organs bleeding (28/62). The most common hemorrhage symptom is hematuria. 35 of the 62 patients had hemoglobin(Hb) levels less than 100 g/L due to blood loss( the lowest level was 32 g/L). Thirty-eight patients were misdiagnosed at the first visit and the median time from hemorrhage manifestation to definite diagnosis was 8 days (range,2 to 192 days). ADVKDCF was mostly misdiagnosed as the urinary system diseases (23/38), followed by hemophilia (8/38). Laboratory examinations showed normal platelet count , throm bin time (TT) and normal fibrinogen(Fg) concentration, but prolonged plasma prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT) and international normalized ration (INR). All of patients received high dose vitamin K ( intravenous vitamin K1 with a initial dose of 20 to 240 mg/d and then oral vitamin K4 maintenance) . The bleeding symptoms disappeared 1 day after treatment and the Hb levels increased dramatically. There were significant differences in PT, APTT and INR of the patients before and after treatment( P ＜0. 01 ). Followed by a median follow - up of 8 months , no patient had severe adverse effects or recurrence. Conclusion The hemorrhage presentations of the patients with ADVKDCF are various. The most common hemorrhage symptom is hematuria. The misdiagnosis rate of ADVKDCF is high with urinary systems disorders as the most common misdiagnosis. Sequential treatment with vitamin K is an effective and safe method to prevent recurrence. Early detection of coagulation function is helpful to reduce misdiagnosis possibility.

Objective To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of breast rhabdomyosarcoma, and to enhance the awareness of malignancy infiltration to bone marrow (BM). Methods The data of one case of Rhabdomyosarcoma of breast were analyzed retrospectively. BM aspirate and biopsy, morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology (MICM) in different parts of BM, peripheral blood smear, fine puncture of breast mass, final biopsy of breast mass by Mammotome System and whole body PET-CT were performed. The immunochemistry stain of specimen of breast mass was used. Results The peripheral blood smear of this patient showed immature erythrocytes, leucocytes and classification of unknown cells which were consistent with BM morphology. The results of BM aspirate and biopsy depicted a hypercellular specimen with disseminated unknown cells infiltration. Unknown cells were positive for CD56 and negative for any hematopoietic markers by flow cytometry. The whole body PET-CT showed that uptake of 18F-FDG of bilateral breast and whole BM was increased, whereas the mass of breast was not presented by CT. PET-CT suggested a probable malignant hematologic disease. The enough specimen of breast mass got from Mammotome System showed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and the tumor cells were positive for MyoD1, Vimentin and Desmin. Conclusions It is a challenge for early diagnosis of solid sarcoma with unknown origin which diffusely infiltrating into BM. Negative expression of hematopoietic markers by flow cytometry plays a role on differential diagnosis in this setting, whereas PET-CT only provides a valuable reference. Enough specimen and immunohistochemical staining could provide solid evidences of diagnosis.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of implementation of prevention from mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Minhang district of Shanghai from 2013 to 2019.Methods:The data of 284 pregnant women with syphilis infection diagnosed by 6 midwifery medical institutions in Minhang District from January 2013 to December 2019, were collected from the database of national management information system for prevention of mother to child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B. Among them there were 1 case of spontaneous abortion, 4 cases of ectopic pregnancy, 42 cases of lost follow-up; the remaining 237 parturients were included in this study. The Implementation Program of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B (2015 edition) has been implemented since 2015 in Minhang district. The maternal and neonatal outcomes between the period of 2013-2015 (before program implemented, 123 cases) and the period of 2016-2019 (after program implemented, 114 cases) were compared. Results:Between 2013 and 2019, the syphilis detection rate of pregnant women remained 100.00% (100 761/100 761). The detection rates during pregnancy before and after program implementation were 95.92% (51 855/54 288) and 98.87% (45 949/46 473); the prevalence rate of syphilis was 2.93‰ (159/54 288) and 2.69‰ (125/46 473), respectively. The rate of anti-syphilis treatment was 62.60% (77/123) and 85.96% (98/114), the standard treatment rate was 20.33% (25/123) and 49.12% (56/114), the neonatal preventive treatment proportion/rate was 1/12 and 94.74% (72/76). The detection rate during pregnancy, anti-syphilis treatment rate, standardized treatment rate and neonatal preventive treatment rate after program implementation were significantly higher than those of before implementation (χ 2=988.88, 16.72, 21.81, 54.72, all P<0.01). The rate of non- Treponema pallidum antigen titer ≥ 1∶8 was 36.89% (38/103) and 17.48% (18/103), respectively in two periods; the incidence of neonatal adverse health problems was 21.49% (26/121) and 6.03% (7/116); congenital syphilis report incidence rate was 152.12/100 000 live births (83/54 562) and 23.46/100 000 live births (11/46 890), respectively. All these indicators showed a significant reduction (χ 2=9.81, 11.80, 45.10, all P<0.01). The treatment rate of pregnant women with previously diagnosed syphilis infection was 63.27% (62/98), which was lower than that of those with initially diagnosed (81.29%, 113/139) ( cOR=2.52, 95 %CI: 1.40-4.56, χ 2=9.672, P<0.01). Among whose with lost follow-up, the floating pregnant women accounted for 92.86% (39/42), 57.14% (24/42) of whom were unable to contact and 30.95% (13/42) refused to be followed up. Conclusions:After the implementation of prevention program, the rates of detection and diagnosis, standardized treatment, neonatal preventive treatment, as well as the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with syphilis infection have been significantly improved in Minhang district of Shanghai.