Objective:To investigate the effect of stimulation of the central thalamus (CT-DBS) on awakening from coma after traumatic brain injury and the mechanisms involved.Methods:Forty-five healthy, adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to either a blank control group, a sham stimulation or a stimulation group, each of 15. CT-DBS was applied in the stimulation group. Behavioral changes were observed, and the content of α1-adrenergic receptor (α1R) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was measured using immunofluorescence and western blotting.Results:The varus reflex was found in all 15 rats in the stimulation group, but in only 8 among the sham stimulation group. The average α1R content in the PFC was significantly higher in the stimulation group than in the sham stimulation group.Conclusions:CT-DBS can improve the level of consciousness after traumatic brain injury and promote awakening, at least in rats. The mechanisms may be related to the up-regulation of α1R expression in the PFC.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of building block assembly games in the upper limb functional exercise of school-aged children with peripherally inserted central catheter catheterization.Methods Using convenience sampling,90 catheterized children who met the inclusion criteria in the pediatric ward of a tertiary hospital in Henan Province from November 2022 to April 2023 were selected as research subjects.They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.The experimental group participated in building block assembly games in addition to conventional ball-gripping exercises,while the control group engaged solely in conventional ball-gripping exercises.The compliance rates of upper limb exercises,time average peak flow rate of axillary vein of the catheterization side,and the incidence of catheter-related complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results During the study,2 cases in the experimental group and 3 in the control group dropped out,resulting in 43 cases in the experimental group and 42 in the control group.The compliance rate of upper limb exercises in the experimental group during hospitalization was 93.03％,significantly higher than 64.29％in the control group(P＜0.001).On the third day after catheterization,the time average peak flow rate of axillary vein of the catheterization side was(5.58±1.24)cm/s and(5.37±1.24)cm/s on the seventh day in the experimental group,compared to(3.87±1.06)cm/s and(3.56±0.81)cm/s,respectively,in the control group.These differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).The incidence of catheter-related thrombosis in the experimental group was 4.65％,significantly lower than 21.43％in the control group(P=0.021).The rates of bleeding at the puncture site and catheter displacement in the experimental group were both 4.65％,compared to 7.14％and 4.76％,respectively,in the control group.These differences were not statistically significant(both P＞0.05).Conclusion Incorporating building block assembly games into routine ball-gripping exercises can improve the compliance of upper limb exercises in children with PICC placement,improve the blood flow velocity in the axillary vein of the catheterization upper limb,and reduce the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis,without increasing the risk of bleeding at the puncture site or catheter displacement.