BACKGROUND: It has been considered that Cestrum nocturnum L. (CNL) has the effects of antiarrhythmia, local anesthesia and central inhibition.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the analgesic effect of CNL extract on mice,so as to find new drugs for clinical treatment of pain.DESIGN: A randomized control observation.SETTING: Center of Modern Education and Department of Pharmacology,Gannan Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of scientific research center, Gannan Medical College between March and April in 2005. ① A total of 150 healthy adult Kunming mice were used in four independent experiments. ② Drugs: CNL extract was provided by the Department of Phytochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (batch number: 2002080901), morphine hydrochloride injection by Shenyang No.1Pharmaceutical Factory (batch number: 000305), and naloxone hydrochloride injection by Yanqiao (Hunan) Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., (batch number:20021109).METHODS: ① Effects of CNL extract on writhing times induced by acetic acid: Forty female mice were randomly divided into four groups with10 mice in each, and they were treated with intraperitoneal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 0.10 mg/g aminophenazone respectively. The intraperineal injection of 6 g/L glacial acetic acid was given after 15 minutes. The writhing times of mice within 15 minutes were observed and recorded in each group. ② Effects of CNL extract on the pain induced by hot pla in mice: Forty female mice were randomly divided into four groups with 10 mice in each, and they were treated with intraperineal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0. 10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 0.10 mg/g morphine respectively. The pain responses were detected at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration. ③ The antagonistic effect of naloxone on morphine and CNL extract to the pain induced by hot plate in mice: Thirty female mice were randomly divided into three groups ith 10 mice in each group, and they were given intraperitoneal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, naloxone 0.004 mg/g +morphine 0.01 mg/g and naloxone 0.004 mg/g+CNL extract 0.01 mg/g respectively. The pain responses were detected at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration respectively. ④ Effects of CNL extract on electrostimulation induced pain in mice: Forty mice were randomly divided into four groups with 10 mice in ach group, and they were administrated with intraperineal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 1 g/L morphine respectively. Repeated electrostimulations were given at 20, 35, 50 and 70minutes after administration, and the pain responses were detected by means of electrostimulation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Writhing times; ② Time for the pain response induced by hot plate; ③ Analgesic rate induced by electrostimulation.RESULTS: Totally 150 healthy adult Kunming mice were used in the four independent experiments, and all were involved in the analysis of results. ①Writhing times in the mice: 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extracts and 0.10 mg/g aminophenazone had very significant analgesic effects on writhing induced byacetic acid in mice, and the writhing times after administration were all fewer than those in the saline group (20.2±10.8, 14.5±7.6, 7.6±4.5,50.6±15.5, P ＜ 0.01), and the analgesic effects of CNL extract were dosedependently. ② Time for the pain response induced by hot plate: 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extracts had significant analgesic effects on the pain in duced by hot plate, and the time for pain sensation at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration were all longer than those in the saline group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01), and the analgesic effect was dose-dependently. The times for pain sensation at each time point after administration in the naloxone 0.004 mg/g+CNL extract 0.01 mg/g group were all longer than those in the saline group, but those were close between the naloxone 0.004 mg/g+morphine 0.01 mg/g group and the saline group. ③ Analgesic rate induced by electrostimulation in the mice: The analgesic rates at20, 35, 50 and 70minutes after administration in the CNL extract 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g groups were all higher than those in the saline group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that CNL extract has obvious analgesic effect, and the analgesic intensity is dose-dependently. Naloxone, an opiate receptor antagonist, can antagonize the analgesic effect of morphine,but cannot antagonize that of CNL extract on mice with pain induced by hot plate, which indicates that CNL extract exert its analgesic role not through binding with opiate receptor.

OBJECTIVES: To study the change in regional oxygen saturation (rSO METHODS: The preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) who had gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1 500 g were prospectively enrolled, who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital from October 2017 to October 2020.According to the diagnostic criteria for hsPDA, the preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were divided into two groups: hsPDA and non-hsPDA. According to closure of the ductus arteriosus after oral administration of ibuprofen, the preterm infants in the hsPDA group were subdivided into two groups: hsPDA closure and hsPDA non-closure. Hemodynamic parameters were measured at diagnosis of PDA and after treatment, and the level of intestinal tissue rSO RESULTS: A total of 241 preterm infants with PDA were enrolled, with 55 infants (22.8%) in the hsPDA group and 186 infants (77.2%) in the non-hsPDA group. There were 36 infants (65%) in the hsPDA closure group and 19 infants (35%) in the hsPDA non-closure group. Compared with the non-hsPDA group, the hsPDA group had a significantly higher left atrial diameter/aortic root diameter ratio and significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening ( CONCLUSIONS hsPDA has an impact on intestinal tissue oxygenation in preterm infants, and continuous monitoring of intestinal tissue rSO
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/diagnostic imaging* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Function, Left

【Objective】 To verify the key performance parameters of Roche Cobas S201 multiplex NAT for blood donors, so as to provide data for the conformation of multiplex NAT performance and establish a scientific and feasible verification scheme. 【Methods】 Comprehensive performance verification on four key parameters of ROCHE COBAS S201 multiplex NAT system, including the 95% detection limit, compliance rate, anti-interference ability and operator comparison were conducted. The data were compared with the specifications provided by the manufacturer to evaluate the performance of laboratory testing system and ensure the quality of blood testing. 【Results】 2 sets of COBAS S201 multiplex NAT system in our laboratory were used to perform 5 times of the 95% detection limit value declared by the manufacturer for individual tests. The experimental results showed that the target NAT can be detected 100% and the lower limit of determination was verified. Single-virus NAT was performed to detect 5 different HBV DNA concentrations (25 ~400 IU/mL), 5 different HCV RNA concentrations (25 ~400 IU/mL), 5 different HIV RNA Concentration (100~1 000 IU/mL), and 5 negative tubes. The experimental results showed that all detected values of 20 tubes were 100% consistent with the true value, and the performance parameter "coincidence rate" was verified. Samples containing lipoemia, hemolysis, with ALT>50 mL/L and syphilis-positive endogenous interfering substances with 3 times of the 95% detection limit value were tested for 3 times, and results showed both response rate (3/3) and yielding rate reached 100%. In the control group (with none or in the normal range of interfering substances), reactivity was detected in samples with extremely low concentration of 3 times of the 95% detection limit, showing no significant difference (P>0.05). Above results fully showed that the existence of interference substances (lipidemia, hemolysis, ALT ≥ 50 and syphilis positive) in the blood of donors had no significant effect on the yielding of HBV/HCV/HIV virus target nucleic acids. Different operators performed the sample loading tests with same instrument, reagent and specimen showed 100% consistency in the results. It could be preliminarily assessed that there was no difference in the operations between the operators in this verification. 【Conclusion】 The verification scheme of the multiplex NAT system for methodology performance index (95% detection limit, coincidence rate, anti-interference ability, and operator comparison) established in this study, showed simple, flexible, scientific and feasible characteristics and could provide reference and data support for domestic blood transfusion services in acid detection.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the diversity of peripheral blood T cell receptor (TCR) β chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) based on immune repertoire sequencing in neonates with sepsis and the possible pathogenesis of neonatal sepsis. METHODS: A total of 12 neonates with sepsis were enrolled as the case group, and 9 healthy full-term infants, matched for gestational age, birth weight, and age, were enrolled as the control group. Omega nucleic acid purification kit (SQ blood DNA Kit II) was used to extract DNA from peripheral blood samples, TCR β chain CDR3 was amplified by multiplex PCR, and then high-throughput sequencing was performed for the products to analyze the diversity of TCR β chain CDR3 and the difference in expression. RESULTS: The length and type of TCR β chain CDR3 were similar between the case and control groups, and Gaussian distribution was observed in both groups. With D50 and Shannon-Wiener index as the evaluation indices for diversity, the case group had a significantly lower diversity of TCR β chain CDR3 than the control group ( CONCLUSIONS There is a significant change in the diversity of TCR β chain CDR3 in the peripheral blood of neonates with sepsis, suggesting that it might be associated with the immune pathogenesis of neonatal sepsis.
Complementarity Determining Regions/genetics* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Neonatal Sepsis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics*

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for better carrying out safe medication intervention for the empty-nest elderly.METHODS:Two communities with different levels of income and culture were collected from Pudong New District of Shanghai,i.e.new community A and traditional community B.By cluster sampling,69 and 110 empty-nest elderly were selected as respondents respectively.The questionnaire survey about drug storage and medication habits of the elderly was conducted.The data of the survey were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:A total of 69 and 110 questionnaires were sent out,and 44 and 63 questionnaires were recovered with effective recovery rate of 63.8％ and 57.3％,respectively.The rate of drug storage in families from traditional community B was higher than new community A (100％ vs.88.6％,P=0.010).The proportions of residents in two communities storing their drugs in special drawers were the highest (59.0％ and 57.1％).Nearly half of the surveyed households in 2 communities did not form the habit of regularly clearing stored drugs.The frequency of residents who cleared stored drugs in traditional community B was higher than those in new community A (P=0.009).Nearly more than 70％ of the residents threw their expired drugs to garbage and only 11％ to drug stores or community health service center.The proportion of residents who were used to reading drug instructions in new community A was higher than traditional community B (95.5％ vs.77.8％,P=0.024).The proportion of the residents consulted community doctors when they were puzzled by drug use in new community A was lower than traditional community B (56.8％ vs.76.2％);The proportion of the residents consulted physicians in major hospitals was higher than traditional community B (34.1％ vs.9.5 ％);there was statistical significance (P=0.034).The most popular health service for the residents in the new community A was the hotline for the drug use (65.9％),while the residents in traditional community B needed blood pressure and sugar monitoring service and set up the health records (41.3％).The proportion of the residents' following demands in new community A was higher than traditional community B:opening drug use hotline,publicizing the knowledge of diseases and medication and conducting lectures (P＜0.001,P=0.006,P=0.018).CONCLUSIONS:The proportion of drug storage in empty-nest families of two communities is in very high level,but drug storage methods,cleaning frequency are not satisfactory.There are still a small number of elderly people who do not have the habit of reading drug instructions.There are some differences between the old and new communities.At the same time,the needs of health services in new and old communities are different.

Objective To analyze the problems and differences in workplace on-site sampling and testing skills in external quality assessment in laboratory among occupational health technical service institutions. Methods A total of 108 occupational health technical service institutions nationwide, participated in the external quality assessment in laboratory of the on-site individual sampling operation skills for silica dust (hereinafter refer to as "silica dust sampling assessment") and on-site detection operation skills for carbon monoxide (hereinafter refer to as " carbon monoxide sampling assessment") in 2023, were selected as the research subjects. The result of the assessment was analyzed. Results The qualification rate of the institutions for the silica dust sampling assessment was 98.1%. The unqualified rate of institutions in the Pearl River Delta region was lower than that in non-Pearl River Delta regions (0.0% vs 11.1%, P<0.017). The excellence rate was higher in public institutions than that in private enterprises (73.5% vs 40.0%, P<0.017). The unqualified rate of institutions with permit was lower than that of institutions without permit (0.0% vs 13.3%, P<0.05). The qualification rate of the institutions for the carbon monoxide sampling assessment was 79.4%. The proportion of the institutes, whose results of carbon monoxide standard gas (gas bag) deviation was >±20.0% was higher in private enterprises than that in public institutions (32.8% vs 7.1%, P<0.017). In terms of the normativity of on-site individual sampling for silica dust, the rates of conducting air tightness checks before sampling, correct disassembly and installation and correct placement direction of dust sampling heads, and correct flow for calibration based on the provided dust sampling heads were low, at 53.7%, 33.3%, and 14.8%, respectively. In terms of the normativity of on-site detection of carbon monoxide, the accuracy rate of converting results by on-site detection individuals was low, at only 57.8%. ConclusionIt is necessary to further strengthen the training of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of individuals in occupational health technical service institutions in Guangdong Province, especially to enhance the capacity of occupational health technical services in non-Pearl River Delta regions of the province.

Objective: To analyze the current status of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among freshmen in boarding middle schools in Longgang District, Shenzhen, so as to provide reference for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control strategies in the next stage. Methods: Data for tuberculosis health examination conducted among primary and secondary school students in Longgang District of Shenzhen in September 2022 to May 2023 were utilized to analyze the latent tuberculosis infection rate, and to explore the differences in latent tuberculosis infection rate among different grades, school nature, school categories and school levels. Results: The latent tuberculosis infection rate among freshmen in boarding secondary schools in Longgang District, Shenzhen in 2022 was 2.45%. The infection rate among full middle school (6.45%) and high school (3.37%) were higher than that in boarding junior high school (0.28%), nine year education school (0) and twelve year education school (1.00%) ( P <0.01). Moreover, the infection rate of high school freshmen (2.68%) was higher than that of bording junior high school (0.33%), and the rate of public schools (2.87%) and municipal schools (3.24%) were higher than those of private schools (1.78%) and distric-level schools (2.13%) respectively, with statistical significance observed for all differences( χ 2=43.58, 25.15, 22.69, P <0.01). Conclusions The latent tuberculosis infection rate among new boarding secondary students is relatively low in Longgang District of Shenzhen. However, the infection rate is higher in high school, public and municipal school. School should fully guarantee sports participation of students, enhance students awareness of tuberculosis through health knowledge lectures, and reduce the incidence of tuberculosis among students.

Objective：To investigate the promotive effect of dendritic cells(DCs) on proliferation of CRTH2 (CD4(+)CD294(+)Th2) cells and the influence of CRTH2 cells on secretion of immunoglobulin from B cells so as to provide a new approach for amplification and sorting of Th2 cells. Methods：DCs were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, then the loaded-BCGV-Ag-DCs were cocultured with T cells, and the mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR) was performed by CCK8 method. The phenotypes of DCs and CRTH2 cells were detected by flow cytometry. CRTH2 cells sorted by MACS were co-cultured with B cells for 5 days to detect the secretion of immunoglobulin. Results：The subsets and absolute number CRTH2 cells were significantly increased by loaded-BCGV-Ag-DCs. The levels of IgG, IgA and IgE were higher increased in supernatant of CRTH2 and B cell co-culture system than that in control group or that in transwell group(P<0.05). Conclusion：The proliferation of CRTH2 cells can be greatly promoted by loaded-BCGV-Ag-DCs, and the CRTH2 cells can help B cells to secrete IgG, IgA and IgE.
B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Proliferation ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Th2 Cells

OBJECTIVETo analyze the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the testis tissues of Fmr1 (fragile X mental retardation 1) knockout and wild-type male mice in different developmental stages, and provide background information for researches on fragile X syndrome.

METHODSThis study included 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks old Fmr1 knockout and wild-type male mice, 6 in each age group. We identified the genotype of the mice by PCR, and detected and compared the expression of iNOS in the testis tissues of the Fmr1 knockout and wild-type mice by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe iNOS expression was weakly positive in the Leydig cells of the 4-week-old mice, moderately positive in the 6-week-old ones, and strongly positive in 8- and 10-week-old ones, significantly weaker in the Fmr1 knockout than in the wild-type ones.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of iNOS significantly decreases in the testis of Fmr1 knockout mice, suggesting that iNOS may be involved in the pathogenesis of fragile X syndrome.

Animals ; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein ; genetics ; Fragile X Syndrome ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Testis ; metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the trauma center model in general hospitals for patients with severe trauma.Methods:The data of 1,248 patients with severe trauma (ISS≥16) were retrospectively analyzed who had been admitted to the trauma centers in 6 Chinese general hospitals from January 2019 through June 2020. They were 987 males and 261 females with an age of 50.4 years ± 15.4 years. Their injuries were caused by a traffic accident in 622 cases, falling from a height in 357 cases, a knife in 62 cases, and others (like a heavy object and fall) in 207 cases. Upon admission, their injury severity scores (ISS) were 24.9±8.5 and their Glasgow coma scores (GCS) 12.6±3.6. They were all treated in a scientific and standard manner by a multidisciplinary team at the trauma center of their specific general hospital. Recorded were deaths within 30 days after admission, 30-day mortality and causes of death.Results:All the patients were treated effectively. 101 deaths occurred within 30 days after admission, yielding a 30-day mortality of 8.1%. The main causes of death were severe craniocerebral injury in 56 cases, hemorrhagic shock in 26 cases, multi-organ failure in 11 cases and others in 8 cases.Conclusions:Establishment of trauma centers in China can make up for the disadvantage of over-division of clinical specialties in large general hospitals which has led to insufficient care for patients with severe trauma and multiple injuries. The trauma centers in general hospitals may be a feasible model to be popularized in treatment of patients with severe trauma and multiple injuries.