Objective To evaluate the immune reconstruction of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by autologous peripheral blood stem cells following chemotherapy. Methods 54 patients with advanced stage of gastric cancer were accepted arterial chemotherapy under the guidance of DSA with the regimen of high dosage of EAP (VP16 100 mg/m 2, topmycine60 mg/m 2 and carplatine200 mg/m 2). Among them 20 patients underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation after 48 hours of the chemothrapy. Results Effective rate of EAP arterial chemotherapy combined with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was up to 85.0% (17/20) in advanced gastric cancer, 29.3% (10/34) in control group ( P

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVE To obser ve t he pathological changes of nasal mucosa in rats after instillation of 37℃ normal saline. METHODS Forty-eight qualified rats were given instillation of 37℃ nomal saline 30 times, once per minute. Another 2 qualified rats served as control. After instillation, in the 15, 30 minutes and 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 42th, 28th day respectively, the nasal septum mucosa of 6 rats was observed by light and electron microscopy. The corresponding area of the mucosa of control group was also observed by light and electron microscope. RESULTS Under light microscope, the arrangement of cell was disordered in the 1st, 3rd, 7th days. But there is no damage of vascular gland structure. After 14 days, the disorder recovered. With electron microscope, edema of cells, expansion of perinuclear gap, disorder of cilia and microwilli was found in the 30 minutes, 1st, 3rd day. All these began recover in the 7th days, and completely restored in the 28th day. CONCLUSION 37℃ nomal saline drip can damage nasal mucosa, but the damage is light, which is characterized by disorder and shortage of cilia and microvilli, edema of the epithelial cells. And the damage can recover quickly. It began in the 30 minutes after instillation, reached its peak in the 3rd day. And the recovery began in the 7th day, and completed in the 28 day.

Objective To explore the value of maternal serum triple markers screening,consisted of AFP (α-fetal protein),β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and free estriol (uE3),for Down's syndrome,in second trimester.Methods We searched published literatures from PubMed,MEDLINE,China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Wanfang Database from January 1990 to August 2014 and articles met the following criteria were collected:(1) The report was of a screening test;(2) The research purpose was to study the efficiency ofAFP,hCG and uE3 (triple markers) screening for Down's syndrome;(3) The research subjects were pregnant women in second trimester;(4) All of the studied cases were confirmed by amniocentesis and chromosome karyotyping;(5) The pregnant outcomes must be available;(6) Each report should have at least one case of Down's syndrome identified;(7) The literature could be retrieved by Science Citation Index or Chinese core periodicals;(8) When assessed by QUADAS (quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews) Quality Assessment Scale,the score should be ≥ 8.Information were extracted,including name of the first author,publication time,sample size,sensitivity,specificity,maternal age,gestational age,cutoff value,β-hCG type and others.MetaDiSc 1.4 software was applied for meta-analysis.I2 was used for heterogeneity,and the fixed or random effects model for calculation of the combined sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and the 95％CI.The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was drawn.Deek's test in Stata Software was used to validate publication bias.Results A total of 49 literatures were recruited in this study with a total sample size of 960 245.Deck's funnel plot analysis showed that the correlation coefficient and the standard error of bias were-1.067 and 3.64 (t=-0.290,P=0.771).The correlation coefficient and the standard error of the slope were 3.578 and 0.26 (t=13.740,P=0.000).The random effects model showed the pooled sensitivity of the 49 literatures was 0.72 (95％CI:0.70 0.74),the pooled specificity was 0.92 (95％CI:0.92-0.93),and DOR was 33.80 (95％CI:25.03-45.65).The area under the SROC was 0.900 7.DOR of younger age group (including three literatures) was 14.38 (95％CI:3.67-56.42) and 26.64 (95％CI:19.49-36.41) for the older age group (two literatures).For two literatures determining the gestational age based on ultrasonography,the DOR was 50.22 (95％CI:26.91-93.71),and DOR was 33.09 (95％CI:17.33-63.19) for those based on last menstrual period in these two literatures.For eight literatures applied the cutoff value of 1:270,12 applied 1:250 and four applied mixed cutoff value,the DOR was 10.94 (95％CI:3.04-39.38),54.34 (95％CI:42.19-70.01) and 36.37 (95％CI:31.19-42.40),respectively.DOR of total β-hCG group (12 literatures) was 22.06 (95％CI:16.46-29.58) and that of free β-hCG group (ten literatures) was 37.15 (95％CI:30.00-46.02).Conclusions Triple regimen of second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome is much more efficient.The detection rate could be further improved by determination of the gestational age with ultrasound,and application of 1:250 as the risk cutoff value and free β hCG as a screening marker.

BACKGROUND: The problem to be solved firstly in adipocyte implantatior after its in vitro adherent ulture f preadipocyte with scaffold using tissue-engineered technique is the biocompatibility of scaffold and dipocyte.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) used for readipocyte implantation.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Medical College of Wuhan University.MATERIALS: This trial was carried out in Medical College, Wuhan University during October 2003 o June 2005. Twelve male SD rats(Experimental Animal Center, Medical College, Wuhan University), weighing rom 200 to 250 g, were involved.PHB scaffold was provided by Institute of Polymer Materials, Department f hemical Engineering, Tsinghua University.METHODS: The preadipocytes of rats were isolated, purified and ultured in vitro for use. PHB scaffold was made into 0.75 cm×0.75 cm ×0.2 cm lamellar cell biological caffold, then which were soaked by DMEM/F12 culture medium containing 150 g/L fetal bovine serum and laced in culture plate, one piece each well, 12 wells totally. 1.0 mL cultured cell suspension was added n each well to prepare cell scaffold complex. Eight rats were selected. The prepared complexes were implanted into right-side back tissue of a rat and fixed with 5-0 silk, serving as adipocyte scaffold roup; the biological scaffolds without adipocyte adherence were implanted into left-side back tissue of he same rat with the same method, serving as blank scaffold group. One lamellar biological scaffold was mplanted into each side. Eight weeks later, the appearance and structural change of grafts were observed, nd the grafts were weighted and their volumes were measured. Four lamellar biological scaffolds were mplanted into the other 4 rats separately and taken out after 3 weeks, then they were fixed by 100 g/L eutral formalin, sliced, and stained by haematoxylin and eosin (HE). Their histological changes were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Gross and histological observation of grafts in adipocyte scaffold roup and blank scaffold group. ② Comparison of volume and mass of grafts in two groups.RESULTS: Twelve ets were involved in the result analysis ,without deletion. ①Gross observation: In the adipocyte scaffold group, grafts presented flesh-color appearance and peplos in the peripheral region, and newly ormed minute blood vessels ingrowing into the scaffold. In the blank scaffold group, grafts presented rey ppearance, which was coated by peplos. ② HE staining: Three weeks later, a few scattered adipocytes were ound in the peripheral region of the grafts,there were very few vessels. Eight weeks later, lamellar ibrous peplos was found around the complex. Adipocytes ingrew from the peripheral region of scaffold into caffold, partial scaffold was nearly full of adipocytes and many vessels formed;In the blank scaffold roup, only peplos and vessels were found, scaffold was full of fibrous connective tissue and adipocytes ere not found. ③ Comparison of volume and mass: adipocyte scaffold group was superior to blank group in scaffold volume and mass [(257.5±70.2)vs.(144.6±62.6)mm3,(245.6±58.2) vs.(148.7±60.3)mg, both P＜0.01].CONCLUSION: Preadipocyte can adhere to PHB scaffold, proliferate and differentiate into mature dipocytes. It is feasible for PHB material to serve as a carrier for preadipocyte.

A survey was made in Chongqing Medical University on the cultural qualities of teachers of basic courses,their humanity and social knowledge,as well as the role these things have played in students' quality education.The analysis has showed that the cultural qualities of the teachers have been improved in the recent years,while there was still a gap from the requirements of cultivating students' cultural qualities.The survey suggests that it require great attention and constant efforts to improve the teachers' cultural qualities.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone combined with oridonin on proliferation and apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells U266 and the related molecular mechanism. Methods Exponential phase of growth U266 cells were treated with different concentrations of oridonin combined with dexamethasone or alone. U266 cells treated by DMSO were taken as control group. The proliferation inhibitory ratios were measured by CCK-8 assay followed by 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Apoptosis induction was assessed by using Annexin V-FITC kit. Real time PCR was used to examine the mRNA changes of Notch1, NF-κB/p65 and bcl-2. Western blot assay was applied to detect the protein expression of Notch1, cleaved Notch1, NF-κB/p65 and bcl-2. Results Compared with that in control group, proliferation in all the experimental groups was inhibited (P<0.05), and the apoptosis was promoted (P<0.05); especially the combination of dexamethasone and oridonin had a synergistic effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of U266 cells (P<0.05). The results of PCR and Western blot showed that after treatment of U266 cells with dexamethasone, the mRNA as well as their protein levels of NF-κB/p65 and bcl-2 were decreased compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of Notch1, cleaved Notch1, NF-κB/p65 and bcl-2 was obviously down-regulated in oridonin group and the combination group (P<0.05). Conclusion Combination of dexamethasone and oridonin can significantly increase the anti-tumor effect by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of U266 cells, which may be related to the inhibition of the Notch1 pathway.

Objective To investigate the optimum target plasma concentration of propofol in preventing the adverse effects of carboprost tromethamine in the patients undergoing caesarean section.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight nulliparous parturients who were at full term with a singleton fetus,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 24-37 yr,weighing 54-78kg,scheduled for elective caesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =32 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),and different concentrations of propofol groups (P1-3 groups).Carboprost tromethamine 250 μg was injected into the body of the uterus,and propofol with the target plasma concentrations of 0.8,1.2 and 1.6 μg/ml was simultaneously given by target-controlled infusion in P1,P2 and P3 groups,respectively,and normal saline was infused at a rate of 0.5 ml · kg-1 · h-1 in group C.The occurrence of cardiovascular events was recorded from the end of carboprost tromethamine administration until the end of surgery.The relatedadverse effects after carboprost tromethamine administration,and Ramsay sedation score at 15 mm after carboprost tromethamine administration were recorded,and satisfactory sedation was defined as Ramsay sedation score of 2.The occurrence of complications associated with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was recorded during the postoperative follow-up.Results Compared with group C,the incidence of carboprost tromethamine-related adverse effects was significantly decreased in P2 and P3 groups,the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly increased in P1 and P2 groups,the incidence of hypotension and tachycardia was significantly decreased in group P1 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of carboprost tromethamine-related adv erse effects in group P1,and in the rate of satisfactory sedation in group P3 (P＞ 0.05).Compared with group P1,the incidence of carboprost tromethaminerelated adverse effects was significantly decreased in P2 and P3 groups,the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly increased in group P2,and the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly decreased in group P3 (P＜0.05).Compared with group P2,the rate of satisfactory sedation was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of carboprost tromethamine-related adverse effects in group P3 (P＞0.05).No cardiovascular events were found in group P2,and the incidence of hypotension was 9％ in group P3.Conclusion The optimum target plasma concentration of propofol in preventing the adverse effects of carboprost tromethamine is 1.2 μg/ml in the patients undergoing caesarean section.

Objective To evaluate the effect and side-effect in patients with multiple myeloma by the treatment of T-VAD.Methods To observe the effect and side-effect in 23 newly diagnosed patients with the treatment of T-VAD,and analyze them.Results Out of 23 patients,9(39%)patients gained complete remission(CR)and 11(49%)achieved partial remission(PR).The median survival time was 46 months.The side-effects consisted of fatigue(100%),somnolence(78%),constipation(69%),infection(48%),secondary diabetes mellitus(30%),numbness(17%),leukopenia(22%)and no one patient experienced deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Disease free survival of three years was 50%.Conclusion The treatment 0f T-VAD on patients with MM is an effective regimen,though there are many side-effcts,such as infection,they are relatively well-tolerated.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immunoregulation and short-term therapeutic effects of super-selective intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with Fuzheng Kang'ai Granules, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on patients with late gastric cancer. METHODS: Forty patients with late gastric antrum cancer were randomly divided into study group and control group. Patients in the study group were orally administered Fuzheng Kang'ai Granules 48 hours after the first super-selective left gastric artery chemotherapy with high-dose drugs (EAP regime: VP(16) 100 mg/m(2) + epirubicin 60 mg/m(2) + carboplatin 200 mg/m(2)), while patients in the control group were only administered the same local artery chemotherapy as in the study group. RESULTS: The short-term therapeutic efficacy in the study group and control group were 82.5% and 57.5% respectively (P<0.01). The occurrence rates of side effects in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The Karnofsky score of life quality of the study group was obviously higher than that of the control group after treatment (P<0.05). The half survival time and one year survival rate in the study group and control group were (24.9 +/- 1.36) month, 70% (28/40) and (13.7 +/- 0.72) month, 35% (14/40) respectively. They were significantly improved in the study group compared with the control group (P<0.01). The levels of cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) after treatment in the study group were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), as well as than those after treatment in the control group (P<0.01). On the other hand, the level of immune inhibitory factor soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) after treatment in the study group was lower than that before treatment, as well as than that after treatment in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The super-selective intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with Fuzheng Kang'ai Granules has good short-term therapeutic efficiency and few side effects for patients with late gastric antrum cancer. It can significantly improve the life quality, extend the survival period, and improve the survival rate in patients with late gastric antrum cancer, which may be due to the up-regulation of the immune regulating factors such as IL-2, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and down-regulation of the immune inhibitory factor sIL-2R.