Objective To assess the value of multi-slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) in diagnosis of posterior nutcracker syndrome (NCS). Methods MSCTA of 15 patients clinically diagnosed as posterior NCS (patient group) and 50 subjects with normal renal vessels (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. The anatomy, course and relationship to the adjacent structure of left renal vein (LRV) and its branches were observed. The anteroposterior diameter (d1) and cross areas (s1) of the angle of control group and posterior abdominal artery (AA), the anteroposterior diameter (d2) and cross areas (s2) at the largest lumen near the renal hilar were measured and the ratio of s2/s1 and d2/ d1 were calculated.Results All LRVs posterior AA of patient group were compressed and narrowing with dilating apparently near the renal hilar. The difference of d2 was not significant (P＞0.05), but of other values were significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion MSCTA can show anatomy and three-dimentional trend clearly of LRV for posterior NCS, and evaluate the extent of narrow and dilating lumen accurately with cross areas measuring.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of serum galactemannan(GM) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in critically ill patients. Methods Study was conducted between February 2007 and July 2008. Included patients on admission ICU who suffer from suspected IPA. GM test and culture were collected 2 weekly. Chnical feature, mycological evidence and optical density index (ODI) were noted. Clinically invasive fungal infection(IFI) were defined proven, probable and possible. The patients were classified into neutropenia, non-neutropenia and treated with immunosuppressive agents, non-neutropenia and non-immunosuppressive agents. To compared of the sensitivity and specificity of GM in different patients. Results 94 patients were included, 4 patients were proven, 29 patients were probable, 34 patients were possible IFI, 27 patients were non-IPA. The positive rate of the GM was 31.9% (30/94). The sensitivity and specificity of GM in proven cases and probable cases are 66.7% and 92.6%. GM assay tended to become positive earlier than the culture 2-10(5.33±2.17)d. We found that differences in patient diagnosis and selection might account for the disparities seen for positive rate for the GM test. There was positive in three of the four patients with proven, the positive rate of GM was 65.5% for probable cases, for possible cases was 17.6%, for non-IPA cases was 7.4% (P=0.001). For patient with neutropenia , treated with immunosuppressive agents and without immunosuppressive agents, the positive rate of GM was 52.9%vs 41.7% vs 34. 6% (P=0.015) ;the sensitivity was 80.0% vs 70. 0% vs 53.8% (P=0.011), the ODI was 1.365 (0.582-6.736) vs 1. 123 (0. 623-6.868) vs 0.554 (0.522-0.823), P=0. 005, respectively. Conclusion These results show that GM test is useful for early diagnosis IPA in critically ill patients. Differences in patient selection and diagnosis might account for the disparities seen for positive rate and sensitivity for the GM test. It has been higher sensitivity and ODI in the patient treated by immunosuppressive agents.

Objective To explore the feasibility of artificial silastic framework(SF)in repair of large area of tracheal wall defects.Methods Twenty healthy adult dogs with tracheal defects for 2.5 cm?6.0 cm-3.0 cm?6.0cm were randomly and equally divided into experimental group(repaired with SF combined with sternohyoid fasciae)and control group(repaired with T-silastie tubule combined with sternohyoid fascial flap).After the operation,the animals were sacrificed at the 4th,8th,16th,24th, and 48th weeks respectively for harvesting the tracheae that were used for tracbeoscopically observing in- flammatory reaction of the repaired defect area and light microscopically observing epithelium healing on the repaired defect area.Results In the experiment group,the repaired trachea was smooth,without proliferation of granulation;and at the 8th week,the repaired defect area was covered with epithelial cells,with good functional recovery of respiration,phonation and deglutition.In the control group,there was obvious proliferation of granulation on the tracheal surface near anterior and posterior ends of T-silas tic tubule.The animals were under asphyxia to die with extraction of T-silastic tubule.Conclusions SF has excellent tracheal skeletal function.In the meantime,SF combined with sternohyoid fasciae is a simple but effective method for repair of large area of tracheal wall defects.

Objective: To analyze the eye gaze pattern during the orienteering exercise and effects of orienteering exercises on myopia prevention and control in primary school students, so as to provide reference for the effective prevention and control of myopia. Methods: Visual acuity screening was conducted on fifth grade students aged 10-11 years old in Shaanxi Normal University Primary School, and 120 primary school students with abnormal visual acuity were selected and randomly divided into experimental group ( n =60) and control group ( n =60). The experimental group practiced orienteering cross country program on the basis of the control group, and compared the differences in myopia improvement between the two groups through the characteristics of eye changes tested by ETG spectacle type oculomotor. Results: The differences between the experimental group and the control group in naked eye visual acuity, refraction and visual fatigue before the intervention were not statistically significant ( t=0.13, 1.94, 0.70, P > 0.05); after ten weeks of intervention, the naked eye visual acuity, refraction and visual fatigue of the experimental group were better than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=11.28, 15.03, -247.01, P <0.05). During the process of map recognition and scene recognition, the differences in fixation time, number, frequency and saccade distance of the experimental group were statistically significant ( t=-13.62, -7.83, 4.82, 7.15, P <0.05); the students in the experimental group showed alternate eye gaze characteristics in the process of map recognition and scene recognition. Conclusion During orienteering exercises, map recognition and real scene recognition mobilized eye following, sweeping, gaze, focus and alternate visual tracking, which have an improved effect on myopia prevention and control in primary school students.

The aim of this study was to clarify characteristics of cardiovascular malformation in patients associated with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) by using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) angiography. We retrospectively analyzed DSCT angiography of 99 consecutive patients with TOF. In addition to typical CT features of TOF in all patients, the DSCT angiography showed 27 cases (27.27%) of atrial septal defect, 14 cases (14.14%) of patents ductus arteriosus, 11 cases (11.11%) of bicuspid pulmonary valve, 18 cases (18.18%) of congenital coronary artery malformation, 22 cases (22.22%) of right aortic arch, 12 cases (12.12%) of persistent left superior vena cava, 8 cases (8.08%) of retro-aortic innominate vein and 9 cases (9.09%) of pulmonary venous anomalous. DSCT is capable of displaying anatomical characteristics of cardiovascular malformation in patients with TOF.
Angiography ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the 5-and 10-year survival and complications of patients with stage Ⅱb cervical carcinoma treated by pre-operative photon radiotherapy (POPRT) plus brachytherapy (192Ir) and selective lymphadenectomy hysterectomy (SLH) plus intra-operative electron radiotherapy (IOERT). Methods From February 1997 to May 2007, 160 patients with stage Ⅱb cervical carcinoma were treated by POPRT of 20 Gy in 10 fractions to the whole pelvis, 192Ir brachytherapy of 14 Gy in 2fractions, followed by IOERT of 18 -20 Gy to the whole pelvis during SLH one week after. Results The follow-up rate was 98.1%. The number of patients followed-up for 5 and 10 years was 143 and 135,respectively. The 5-year overall survival rate, disease-free survival rate and local control rate of all patients were 89.4%, 86. 3% and 96. 3%, with the corresponding 10-year rates of 84.4%, 81.0% and 95.0%,respectively. The radiation-induced rectitis and cystitis were 5.0% and 0. 6%, respectivly. The rate of hydronephrosis and lower extremity edema was 6. 3% and 1.3%, respectively. Conclusions Combination of EBRT plus 192Ir brachytherapy and SLH plus IOERT could improve the survival and local control of patiens with cervical carcinoma, with only a few side effects.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and tumor cell density,glucose transporter expression,cellular proliferation and angiogenesis before and after radiotherapy in C6 glioma rats.MethodsThirty C6 glioma-bearing male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:A,B and C ( 10 rats in each group).Two weeks later,18F-FDG PET/CT was performed in group A.In groups B and C,18 F-FDG PET/CT was performed at 48 h and 1 week after radiotherapy,respectively.The ratio of SUVmax of tumor to muscle (T/M) was calculated.HE staining,immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to measure tumor cell density,Ki67 labeling index ( LI),microvessel density ( MVD),Glut-1 and VEGF expression quantitatively.The one-way analysis of variance and bivariate correlation analysis were used to compare the changes of each indicator and evaluate the correlation between T/M and biological indicators,respectively.Results Significant differences of T/M,tumor cell density,Ki67 LI,MVD,Glut-1 and VEGF among groups A,B and C were observed ( F =6.77,60.66,104.56,95.49,9.13,24.48,respectively,all P ＜0.05).Least significant difference (LSD) test showed that there was no significant difference between group A and B in T/M,tumor cell density and Ki67 LI ( 10.86 ± 3.31,730.50 ± 78.93,20.02 ± 2.14 vs 9.23 ± 4.56,672.70 ± 92.98,18.56 ± 2.26).However,the indicators of group C (5.16 ± 2.52,355.60 ± 72.62,7.81 ± 1.76 ) were significantly decreased compared with those of groups A and B (all P ＜0.05 ).MVD and Glut-1 expression of group B increased slightly compared with those of group A ( 19.50 ± 1.96,0.20 ± 0.09 vs 17.90 ± 2.02,0.15 ± 0.04),but the difference was not statistically significant.Nevertheless,the two indicators were significantly decreased in group C ( 8.40 +1.84 and 0.07 ±0.06,P ＜0.05).VEGF expression in group B (0.42 ±0.13) was significantly higher than that in groups A and C (0.17 ±0.04 and 0.16 ± 0.09) ( both P ＜ 0.05 ).The changes of T/M were positively correlated with the changes of tumor cell density between groups A and B ( r =O.81,P ＜ 0.05 ).Changes of T/M were positively correlated with the changes of tumor cell density,Ki67 LI,MVD and Glut-1 between groups A and C (r =O.83,0.71,0.68,0.62,all P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsThe changes of 18 F-FDG uptake in C6 glioma rats were only correlated to the changes of tumor cell density at 48 h after radiotherapy.However,the changes of 18F-FDG uptake closely correlate to the changes of a variety of biological indicators at 1 week post radiotherapy.

Objective To use mouse astrocytes elevated gene‐1 (AEG‐1) monoclonal fluorescent antibody for detecting tumor cells in malignant serous cavity effusions .Methods The expression of AEG‐1 in serous cavity effusion exfoliated cells by PCR and Western‐blot ;the mouse monoclonal anti‐AEG‐1 fluorescent antibody and tumor cells in malignant serous cavity effusions were co ‐incubated ,meanwhile ,the serous cavity effusions in benign lesions were taken as the negative control .Results The AEG‐1 expres‐sion was positive in malignant serous cavity effusions exfoliated cells ,while which in benign lesion serous cavity effusion was nega‐tive or weakly positive ;meanwhile the results of direct labelling in mouse anti AEG‐1 monoclonal antibodies were consistent with the results by PCR and Western‐blot .Conclusion Mouse anti AEG‐1 monoclonal fluorescence antibody can provide certain theoret‐ical basis for the detection of tumor cells in serous cavity effusion .

Objective To explore the correlation between anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(A-CCP) antibody and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?, rheumatoid factor(RF), ESR, PLT count and clinical features in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA), and the outcome of unclassified arthritis(arthralgia)patients after six months follow up. The value of A-CCP antibdy in the diagnosis of early RA and its pathogenetic roles is in- vestigated. Methods A-CCP antibody and TNF-?were detected by ELISA and the RF was tested by the rate scatting immunity method in 91 RA patients, 46 unclassified arthritis(arthralgia)patients and 45 other rheumatic diseases patients. Results A-CCP antibody levels in serum correlated significantly with TNF-?levels, PLT count and the degree of joint swelling in RA and unclassified arthritis(arthralgia)patients(r= 0.854, P=0.O00; r=0.882, P=0.000; r=0.318, P=0.002; r=0.486, P=0.001; r=0.291, P=0.005; r=0.731, P= 0.000 respectively). A-CCP antibody levels in serum was weakly negatively correlated with the gripping power in RA patients(r=0.228, P=0.030). And it was weakly correlated with ESR in unclassified arthritis(arthrai- gia)patients(r=0.365, P=0.013). Compared with other rheumatic diseases patients, A-CCP antibody levlels in serum increased significantly in RA and unclassified arthritis(arthralgia)patients(P=0.000). Compared with normal controls, it increased in other rheumatic diseases patients(P=0.011). Twenty-four patients had positive A-CCP antibody in 46 unclassified arthritis(arthralgia)patients. Thirty-two out of 46 unclassified arthritis(arthralgia)patients were early RA after 6 monthes follow up. 95.8%(23/24)unclassified arthritis (arthralgia)patients with positive A-CCP antibody were early RA. Conclusion A-CCP antibody reflects disease activity in certain extent. It's benefit to the diagnosis of early RA. High A-CCPantibody levels com- bined with high levels of TNF-?, ESR, PLT count and joint swelling can help the diagnosis of early RA.

Objective: To assess the quality for meta-analysis on prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in China.
Methods: We systemically searched 4 Chinese databases of VIP, CNKI, CBM and Wan Fang for their meta-analysis on CAD prevention and treatment from 1987-01 to 2013-10. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 researchers independently screened and cross-checked all the literatures. The qualities of methodology and report were evaluated by R-AMSTAR and PRISMA scales.
Results: A total of 201 literatures were enrolled for our study. The average score of methodology quality was (24.65±3.97), no literature met all required items, and the major problems were as lack of“a priori design”, insufifcient and bias of data selection combining inappropriate data synthesis. The average score of report quality was (17.20 ± 2.90), no literature met all 27 required items, and the major problems were as incomplete report of abstract, objective, protocol and registration, incomplete data collection/analysis, using and publishing bias information, incomplete quality assessment.
Conclusion: Both of methodology and report of meta-analysis for CAD prevention and treatment have quality problems at different levels, further improvement should be expected.