Objective To provide an optimal working process for crossmatching by full-automatic blood typing instrument.Methods Two workflows were applied to crossmatch test by full-automatic blood typing instrument.One was diluting red blood cells of donor samples to concentrate of 1%,the other was detecting directly the donor′s packed red blood cells.Compared consistency and processing time of the two different workflows.Results Cross match results of two workflows were consistent well(U=0,P>0.05).The average processing times before testing and undergoing testing were not significantly different(t=0.692,t=0.562,P>0.05),whereas the average processing times after testing and throughout testing were significantly different(t=146.485,t=67.053,P<0.05).Conclusion The workflow of diluting donor′s sample before testing saved processing time and better suits hospital having a large quantity of specimens.

Background The incidence of myopia is gradually increasing,and how to choose a better corrective method of myopia for the best visual demand is very important.Objective This study was to compare visual quality of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation with femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FSLASIK) for moderate and high myopia using double-pass optical quality analysis system (OQAS).Methods A non-randomized controlled clinical trail was performed.Fifty-two eyes with-4.00 to-9.00 D of 26 consecutive patients were included in NO.1 Hospital of Xi'an from January 2015 to January 2016.Twenty-four eyes of 12 patients with the corneal thickness ＜500 μm received ICL implantation as ICL group and 28 eyes of 14 patients which corneal thickness was ≥500 μm underwent FS-LASIK surgery as FS-LASIK group.The demography was matched between the two groups (all at P＞0.05).All the patients were followed-up for 3 months after surgery.The preoperative best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA),spherical equivalent (SE),postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA),BCDVA and SE were examined and compared between two groups.The parameters from OQAS were evaluated and intergrouply compared,including the objective scattering inders (OSI),modulation transfer function (MTF) cut off frequency,Strehl ratio and OQAS values under the contrast of 100％,20％ and 9％ (OV100,OV20,OV9).Results The postoperative BCDVA was not significantly different from preoperative UCDVA in both ICL group and FS-LASIK group (-0.04±t0.10 vs.0.05±0.12;-0.07±0.12 vs.0.00±0.12) (t=3.128,2.358,both at P＞0.05).No statistically significant differnces were found in SE,UCDVA and BCDVA after operation between ICL group and FS-LASIK group (t =1.292,0.900,-0.653,all at P＞0.05).OQAS examination showed that MTF cut off,OSI,Strehl ratio,OV100 were not significantly different after operation between ICL group and FS-LASIK group (t=-2.032,-1.440,-0.224,all at P＞0.05).The postoperative OV20 and OV9 were 0.82±0.14 and 0.80±0.21 in the ICL group,which were significantly higher than those in the FS-LASIK group(0.59±0.15 and 0.47±0.13) (t =4.105,4.702,both at P＜0.05).Conclusions Both ICL implantation and FS-LASIK provide good optical and visual quality for moderate to high myopic eyes,and ICL appears to have a better visual quality in comparison with FS-LASIK under the contrasts of 20％ and 9％.

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact and mechanism of electro-acupuncture (EA) on olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation of spinal cord injury (SCI) axonal regeneration.

METHODSIn the experiment, 72 adult Sprague Dawley male rats weighted (220±20) g underwent contusion and transection method to cause the T9 model of spinal cord injury, were randomly divided into four groups involving model group, EA group,OECs group,and EA+OECs group. 5% fluorescein gold (FG) solution of 0.5 µl was injected into rats' spinal cord at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after SCI, a series of tests were performed including fluorescein gold(FG) retrograde tagging, BBB scores.

RESULTS(1)The BBB scores level among four groups had no differences from the 1st day to the 1st week after the SCI (P>0.05). From the 3rd week after the SCI, the BBB scores level in EA+ OECs group were obviously higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). (2)The result of the fluorescein gold (FG) retrograde tagging showed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment FG positive nerve fibers were observed in SCI region. In EA+OECs group the number of FG positive nerve fibers was more than other three groups, and the fibers were more regularly arranged than other three groups.

CONCLUSIONThe combination of electro-acupuncture and OECs transplantation can recover the pathway of nerve conduction and promote nerve fibers regeneration and hind limb function recovery for SCI rat, and can guide the trend of the axonal regeneration.

Animals ; Axons ; physiology ; Cell Transplantation ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; Olfactory Nerve ; physiopathology ; transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To explore the etiopathogenisis of fungal infections induced by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods One hundred and forty-seven SLE patients with fungal infections during 2004-2013 were assigned as experimental group and the same number of SLE patients without infections were randomly selected as control group. Clinical and laboratory documents of these patients were comparatively analyzed. Results The fungal infections in SLE patients affected oral mucosa , lower respiratory tract and skin , and the pathogenic bacteria were mainly candida albicans. The wide application of glucocorticoid, immunosuppressants and antibiotics pushed the rise of incidence of fungal infections in SLE patients significantly. Conclusions The patients′ use of glucocorticoid , immunosuppressants and antibiotics attributes to a higher risk of fungal infections , especially infections by candida albicans. Fungus infection may raise the level of C4.

Objective To explore the impacts of Danhong injection on physiological and biochemical indicators in malnourished mice at physiological low doses, evaluate its safety, and test the practical value of safety re-evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicinal ( TCM) injections. Methods A total of 32 ICR mice during growth period were selected to set up corn deficient nutrition mice model. Mice were assigned into the normal control group (given 0. 9% saline), Danhong injection at low, medium and high dosages (0. 2, 0. 4 and 0. 6 mL) groups (n=8 in each group);Mice were administered with respective medications intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days. Blood samples were taken and mice were executed on the 8th day. All 9 kinds of organ or tissue were obtained completely, to measure related physiological and serum biochemical parameters. The safety of Danhong injection was evaluated by using Benefit and Damage Index - General Score ( BDI-GS ) system. Results The Danhong injection showed only slight damages on major organs or tissues, the BDI values were all above 0. 85, and the GS values were all above 9. 0;BDI values for Danhong injection at different dosages were all above 1. 0 for spleen and pancreas, showing better replenishing and healthy effects, and the differences were of statistical significance compared with the normal control group (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Meanwhile, it exerted obviously hypoglycemic effect. Conclusion Danhong injection is of rather low risk under physiological dosages, and therefore is safe to use. The mal-nutrition model combined with the BDI-GS system may be developed as a novel approach for safety re-evaluation of TCM injection in clinic.

Objective To explore the role of serum neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods The serum circulating free DNA (cf-DNA) / NETs in 45 RA patients and 18 healthy controls were detected by Pico Green dsDNA Quantitation Kits,and the association between serum NETs and ESR,DAS28 score,anti-CCP antibodies was analyzed.T test,rank sum test,Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis were ued for statistical analysis.Results ① The levels of serum dsDNA/NETs in RA patients [0.523 0(0.282 0,1.637 0) μg/ml] were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [0.410 5 (0.140 0,0.966 0)μg/ml] (Z=-2.419,P=0.016).② The level of serum dsDNA/NETs in RA was positively correlated with ESR and DAS28 score (r=0.357,P=0.016; r=0.325,P=0.029),but not with anti-CCP antibodies(r=0.146,P=0.434).③ The levels of serum dsDNA/NETs in RA treated by DMARDs were lower than those of untreated with DMARDs[0.516 5(0.282 0,1.637 0) μg/ml,0.523 0 (0.369 0,1.485 0) μg/ml,Z=-1.215,P=0.225],but the difference was not significant.Conclusion NETs maybe associated with disease activity and play an important role in RA pathogenesis.

Objective To explore the significance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through detecting the levels of AhR and its response gene cytochrome P4501 A1 (CYP1 A1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 35 patients with RA and 20 healthy subjects.The expression of AhR and CYP1A1 at mRNA level were detected by real-time PCR.The percentages of AhR-positive cells in PBMCs were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The effects of leflunomide (LEF) on the expression of AhR and CYP1A1 were analyzed.The detailed clinical data of RA patients were recorded.The disease activity score (DAS) was calculated.Correlation analysis between AhR/CYP1A1 level and clinical data was conducted.Results (1) Both the expression of AhR at mRNA level and the percentage of AhR-positive cells in PBMCs from RA patients without LEF treatment were significantly higher than those from healthy subjects [(3.61±1.65) vs.(2.00±1.27),P=0.002; (34.21±11.30)％ vs.(18.83±7.32)％,P＜0.01].There were no statistically significant differences in the expression of AhR at mRNA level and the percentages of AhR-positive cells between patients with or without LEF treatment [(3.83 ± 1.62) vs.(3.61 ± 1.65),P =0.670 ; (36.69±10.61)％ vs.(34.21±11.30)％,P=0.462].(2) Non-LEF treatment group showed a higher relative expression of CYP1 A1 at mRNA level than that from control group [1.33 (0.08,7.86) vs.(0.62 ±0.29),z=-3.922,P＜0.01],but there was no statistical difference between LEF treatment group and non-LEF treatment group [(2.62±2.08) vs.1.33(0.08,7.86) z=-0.133,P=0.894].(3) Neither the expression of AhR and CYP1A1 at mRNA level nor the percentages of AhR-positive cells showed significant correlations with clinical data.Conclusion AhR was highly expressed in PBMCs from patients with RA,which might participate in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis.But the high expression of AhR did not reflect disease activity.Moreover,the treatment of LEF showed no significant influences on the expression of AhR and CYP1A1 in PBMCs from patients with RA.

Objective To explore and evaluate an extracorporal method for inducing magnetic capsule endoscopy into small intestine. Methods 40 patients receiving magnetic capsule endoscopy were randomly divided in two groups: the control group: doctors stopped manipulating capsule after the examination of stomach, and the capsule entered small intestine by the natural gastrointestinal motility; and the study group: after the examination of stomach, the patient lay on the right side, doctors moved the capsule to the pylorus, and then moved magnetic ball to induce capsule into small intestine. Gastric inspection time, gastric residence time, small intestine transit time and the completion rate were compared between the two groups. Results The average time for checking stomach was (32.50 ± 11.71) min in control group and (31.75 ± 9.12) min in study group respectively, and the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). After the observation of stomach, the gastric residence time in the control group was (40.60 ± 21.43) min, and the completion rate was 40%, while the average gastric residence time in the study group was (13.55 ± 9.62) min, and the completion rate was 75%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Small intestine transit time was (329.25 ± 90.00) min in the control group and (342.00 ± 89.80) min in the study group, and the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion By doctors moving magnetic ball and the patient lying on the right side after the observation of stomach, gastric residence time could be reduced and the completion rate could be elevated obviously.

Objective To investigate the preventive effects of curcumin for status epilepticus(SE) induced by lithium chloride-pilocarpine.Methods Totally 45 Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: preventive group(n=15),non-preventive group(n=15),and control group(n=15).The latency peroid and incidence of SE were recorded.The surviving neurons were stained by using nissl staining,and the programme death cells were detected by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) in hippocampal CA3.Results The SE incidence of preventive group was 66.7%,which was significantly lower than that of non-preventive group(P0.05).Conclusion Pretreatment of curcumin can prevent the SE induced by lithium chloride-pilocarpine and the pretreatment can not protect the neuron.

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy of treating femoral intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures combined with femoral shaft fractures using anatomic locking plate.Methods From January 2009 to June 2011,we treated 72 cases of femoral intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures combined with femoral shaft fractures using anatomic locking plate.Sixty-four cases were followed up.There were 50 males and 14 female,with an average age of 42.8 years (range,21-79).All patients suffered from closed femoral unilateral fractures.The interval between injury and surgery was 2 h-16 d (average,4.6 d).All patients were followed up at regular interval.During the follow-up period,clinical and radiographic data were recorded.The clinical efficacy was evaluated with Harris hip function score.Results The mean operative time was 65 min (range,45-120 min); the mean blood loss was 210 ml (range,50-650 ml).All patients began to walk with crutches 3-35 d after surgery.During the follow-up period,no infection,deep vein thrombosis,screwed cut-out and implant failure occurred in all patients.Coxa vara with shortening deformity was noted in 2 cases,solid bone union was found in all the cases.The mean time of fracture healing was 5.2 months (range,3.6-10.5 months).According to Harris hip score,45 cases were classified as excellent,14 as good and 5 as fair,with excellent and good rate being 92.19％ (59/64).Conclusion Anatomic locking plate fixation provides stable fixation,with a high union rate and a minimal complication rate in treatment of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures combined with femoral shaft fracture.