Objective The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the hemodynamic effects of desflurane and enflurane in children.Methods Twenty-eight ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients, aged 1-5 years were randomly assigned to receive either desflurane (group D) or enflurane (group E) for maintenance of anesthesia.Cardiac output was continuously monitored by transesophageal Doppler (TECO1).The stroke volume index (SVI), cardiac index (CI),heart rate (HR) and blood pressure(SBP,DBP,MAP) were determined before and during inhalation of desflurane and enflurane at 0.5,1.0 and 1.5 MAC.Results At 0.5 MAC of both agents SVI, CI and HR remained unchanged, but SBP, DBP and MAP were slightly reduced as compared to the baseline values.At 1.0 MAC of desflurane CI was increased and was higher than that in the group E. SVI and HR were significantly higher in group D than those in group E at 1.0 MAC.SBP, MAP and DBP were further reduced and the magnitude of reduction was similar between both groups.At 1.5 MAC CI and SVI were unchanged in group D but greatly reduced in group E.HR increased significantly in group D but remained unchanged in group E.There was further decrease in BP in both groups but SBP and MAP decreased more markedly in group E than in group D .Conclusions Desflurane causes less hemodynamic changes in children of 1-5 years than enflurane.

Twenty-three histone methyltransferase genes were obtained from transcriptome dataset of Lonicera japonica. The nucleotide and proteins characteristics, subcellular localization, senior structural domains and conservative forecasting were analyzed. The result of phylogenetic tree showed that 23 histone methyltransferases were mainly divided into two groups: lysine methyltransferase and arginine methyltransferases. The result of gene expression showed that 23 histone methyltransferases showed preference in terms of interspecies and organs. They were more expressed in buds of L. japonica than in L. japonica var. chinensis and lower in leaves of L. japonica than in L. japonica var. chinensis. Eight genes were specific expressed in flower. These results provided basis for further understanding the function of histone methyltransferase and epigenetic regulation of active ingredients of L. japonica.
Computational Biology ; Gene Expression ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ; genetics ; Lonicera ; enzymology ; genetics ; Phylogeny

Objective:To study the quality standard of Ganyankang capsules. Methods:Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati,Radix As-tragali,Radix Pseudostellariae,Herba Scutellariae Barbatae,Oldenlandia diffusa willd,Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Radix Bupleuri in the preapartion were indentified by TLC,and emodin was determined by HPLC. Results:Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati,Radix Astra-gali,Radix Pseudostellariae,Herba Scutellariae Barbatae,Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Radix Bupleuri could be obviously identified by TLC. The content of emodin in the capsules was 2. 05 mg·g-1 . The linear relationship was good within the range of 2. 34-74. 88μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 4),and the average recovery was 100. 5% with RSD of 1. 52%(n=9). Conclusion:The quality standard is accurate and reliable,which can be used to control the quality of Ganyankang capsules.

Science Spirti play a important role in promoting moral standardization and the comcept development.The implication of science to seek truth,rational,criticize and suspicion,freedomand creating,which possesses important significance to cllture value sense of professional ethics of physicians to save life by loveheart,uphold truth,dedceating ond self to medical cause,and to promote sociatist medical moral progress.

Child ; China ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between Chinese medical syndrome types and metabolomics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

METHODSTotally 120 NSCLC patients were assigned to asthenia syndrome group and sthenia syndrome group, 60 in each group. Meanwhile, 60 cases of benign pulmonary nodules in physical examinations were recruited as the control group. Tumor tissues or benign pulmonary nodules tissues were obtained by thoracoscope. Changes of their metabolites were observed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Their differences were studied using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). ROC curve analysis was performed in different metabolic compounds of sthenia and asthenia syndromes groups. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the sensitivity of diagnosing syndrome types.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, difference existed in 16 compounds. Of them , contents of citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, linoleic acid, oleic acid, lactic acid, inositol were more in the two tumors group than in the control group. Difference existed in 10 compounds between the sthenia syndrome group and the asthenia syndrome group. Of them, citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, lactic acid, and inositol were more in the asthenia syndrome group than in the sthenia syndrome group. Contents of valine, glucose, and glutamine were more in the sthenia syndrome group than in the asthenia syndrome group. ROC curve analyses of different compounds indicated that AUC of lactic acid and glucose was more than 0.8 (P < 0.01); AUC of inositol, choline phosphate, and glycerol phosphate choline was more than 0.7 (P < 0.01); AUC of valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, and pyruvic acid was more than 0.6 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere existed certain correlation between CM syndrome types and metabolomics of lung cancer. Lactic acid, glucose, inositol, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, pyruvic acid were sensitive diagnostic compounds, and the first four kinds were most sensitive compounds.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Pyruvic Acid

Objective To detect cytokeratin in routine pathology negative regional lymph nodes postoperatively in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). To investigate the relationship of lymph node micrometastasis in P-TNM stages NSCLC and survival rates. Methods From Jan. 1996 to Dec. 2003, 107 paraffin-embedded specimens of T1-T4N0-N1M0 NSCLC patients were collected. Anti-cytokeratin(CK) an- tibody AE1/AE3 was applied to detect cytokeratin with Envision~(TM) method in routine pathological negative re- gion lymph nodes in NSCLC, and selected negative control, positive control and blank control. The pulmo- nary hilar lymph node micrometastasis was upward regulated with stage pCK-N1, mediastinal lymph node mi- crometastatsis was upward regulated with stage pCK-N2. The result applied to SPSS11.0 software to process. Results The CK positive rate was 29.9% in all the patients. The CK positive rate was 27% (21/78), 30% (7/23), 67% (4/6)in stage p-Ⅰ, p-Ⅱand p-Ⅲ, respectively. All these data showed the tendency by which detectable rate increased and was accompanied by disease progress. Comparing the annual survival rate and median survival time of the non-micrometastasis group with the mierometastasis group in two groups, the survival rate difference was statistically significant. Comparing the annual survival rate and median sur- vival time in pCK-ⅢA stage with p-Ⅰ-Ⅱstage, pCK-ⅢA stage annual survival rate and median survival time was significantly different (P=0.020). Similarly, comparing the survival rate in pCK-ⅡB stage with p-ⅠB stage, pCK-ⅡB stage survival rate was significantly different(P=0.059). Comparing the survival time of pCK-ⅢA stage with p-Ⅲstage, pCK-ⅡB stage, with p-ⅡB stage, euther survival time difference was statistically significant (P=0.838, 0.518). Conclusions The rate of positive cytokeratin increase is ac- companied by the disease progress in NSCLC. Positive cytokeratin has disadvantagious prognosis. It is showed that pCK-N1 may be equal to p-N1 and pCK-N2 which also may be equal to p-N2. Micrometastasis may affect the UICC staging currently in use.

Objective:To investigate the immune response after injecting polysaccharide nucleic acid of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG-PSN)under the mucous membrane of bladder in rabbits and to search for the most suitable dose of BCG-PSN.Methods:The rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups:high dose(0.35 mg/ml)BCG-PSN group,mid- dle dose(0.175 mg/ml)BCG-PSN group,low dose(0.0875 mg/ml)BCG-PSN group,BCG(0.35 mg/ml)control group and BCG-PSN(0.35 mg/ml)intra-bladder perfusion control group.T lymphocyte subsets(CD4~+,CD8~+)in the peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry before and 1 week,2 weeks,1 month and 3 months after the treatment; the levels of IL-2,TNF-?,and IFN-?of peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;H-E and Masson staining was used for the pathological examination of the bladder.Results:(1)BCG-PSN injection increased the number of CD4~+ and CD8~+ T lymphocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner,with the peak numbers appeared 2 weeks after BCG-PSN injection;the numbers restored to the normal levels 3 months after BCG-PSN injection.BCG control group had a similar changing pattern to the BCG-PSN injection group.The number of CD4~+ T cells BCG-PSN perfusion group was significantly lower than that in the high-dose BCG-PSN injection group(P

OBJECTIVE: To probe the correlation between the postmortem interval (PMI) and the DNA degradation of costicartilage and dental pulp cells in human being after death, and to seek a new method for estimating PMI. METHODS: The image cytometry was used to measure the DNA degradation under different ambient temperatures (30-35 degrees C, 15-20 degrees C) in 0-15 days after death. RESULTS: The average DNA content of two kinds of tissue was degradated with the prolongation of PMI. But there was a plateau period of 0-4 days for dental pulp cells of human being in 15-20 degrees C. There was a high negative correlativity P<0.01 between the average DNA content and PMI. CONCLUSION PMI could be estimated accurately according to the DNA degradation of costicartilage and dental pulp cells in human being after death.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Autopsy ; Cartilage/metabolism* ; DNA/metabolism* ; Dental Pulp/cytology* ; Female ; Forensic Pathology/methods* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postmortem Changes ; Ribs/metabolism* ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Young Adult