Objective To optimize the extraction technology for Yangxin Anshen Granules. Methods With yield of volatile oil as index, single factor tests were adopted to investigate effects of water, soaking time and distillation time on extraction technology of volatile oil. Using water amount, extraction time and extraction times as factors, the contents of paeoniflorin and total solid as indexes, orthogonal test was employed to optimize the extraction technology of Yangxin Anshen Granules. Results The optimical extraction technology conditions were as follows:Cinnamomi Ramulus, Saposhkoviae Radix, and Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus were extracted to get volatile oil with eight-folds amount water of herbs for 6 hours; other herbs were boiled with eight-folds amount water of herbs and extrancted for two times, 1 h each time. Conclusion This extraction process is reasonable and practical, and can well guarantee the quality of preparation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate regulation function of anodonta glucan HBP-A on chondrocytes through Wnt pathway in vitro.

METHODSRat chondrocytes were cultured and differentiated induced with IL-1beta (10 ng/ml) in vitro. Chondrocytes were divided into five groups:IL-13 group,IL-1beta + IWP-2 (5 microM,Wnt pathway inhibitor) group, IL-1beta + HBP-A (0.3 mg/ml) group and IL-1beta + IWP-2 + HBP-A group. Wnt-3a, beta-catenin (24 h,48 h,72 h) and MMP-13(72 h) genes expression were detected by Rt-PCR, while beta-catenin, MMP-13, Sox-9 and coll-II (48 h) protein expression were measured by Western-blot.

RESULTSAfter induction of IL-1beta, gene expression of Wnt-3a, beta-catenin and MMP-13 were increased,so were the protein expression of beta-catenin and MMP-13. In contrast,protein expression of Sox-9 and Coll-II were declined. Following addition of HBP-A, Wnt-3a, beta-catenin and MMP-13 were shown as induction of IL-1beta, but protein expression of Sox-9 and Coll-II were upgraded. Combining HBP-A with IWP-2 led to the lowest level in Wnt-3a, beta-catenin gene and beta-catenin protein expression and highest expression of Sox-9 protein.

CONCLUSIONHBP-A could not only delay the differentiation of chondrocytes through downgrading the signal expression of Wnt/beta-catenin,but also adjust the expression of Wnt-3a, beta-catenin and Sox-9 when combinated with the Wnt inhibitor.

Animals ; Anodonta ; chemistry ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Glucans ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Rats ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; drug effects ; Wnt3A Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

Adult ; Female ; Gases ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; microbiology ; physiology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged

AIMTo determine whether serotonin, a major neurotransmitter in brain, can modulate the production of secretory beta-amyloid protein precursor (sAPP) by activation of serotonin 5-HT2C receptor.

METHODSThe hippocampal slices of rats were incubated with various concentrations of serotonin, M-110, or L-107. sAPP released into the incubation medium were assayed by Western blot analysis assay with monoclonal antibody 22C11 for 2 h.

RESULTSVarious concentrations of serotonin (1.0 x 10(-2) - 1.0 x 10(3) micromol x L(-1)), M-110, a serotonin 5-HT2C agonist (1.5 x 10(-6) - 1.5 x 10(3) micromol x L(-1)), showed positive effect on the production of sAPP while L-107, a serotonin 5-HT2C antagonist (1.0 x 10(-9) - 1.0 x 10(3) micromol x L(-1)), showed negative effect on the production of sAPP over controls.

CONCLUSIONSerotonin modulates production of secretory amyloid beta-protein precursor through serotonin 5-HT2C receptor in incubated rat hippocampal slices.

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; secretion ; Animals ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Peptide Fragments ; secretion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C ; Serotonin ; pharmacology ; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists ; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists

Zika virus was discovered in 1947 and was believed to be epidemic only in the Asia , Europe and Africa .However , in 2015 , the Zika virus was first spread to Brazil , and then to most other countries in Americas .Zika virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family and can be classified into the Asian lineage and the African lineage .Most Zika virus infections are asymptomatic ,but can be neurotropic or teratogenic ,giving rise to adult Guillain-Barre syndrome and neonatal microcephaly. Zika virus is primarily transmitted by mosquito-spread , besides , it can also be transmitted through blood transmission , sexual transmission ,and vertical transmission .At present , the most effective measure to prevent and control the spread of Zika virus is to control Aedes .No vaccines against Zika virus have appeared on the market so far .

To explore the mechanism of the absorption enhancement of Angelica dahurica extract (Ade), the absorption mechanism of baicalin in the Scutcllaria water extraction as well as the effect of Angelica dahurica extract on absorption of baicalin were investigated. In order to determine the main absorption site, everted intestinal sac model was used to study the effect of Angelica dahurica extract on the absorption of baicalin at duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon. In situ single pass intestinal perfusion model was performed to study the absorption of various concentrations of baicalin and the effect of Angelica dahurica extract on the absorption of baicalin at the main absorption site. To authenticate the consequence of perfusion by getting the blood from the hepatic portal vein and determine the concentration of the baicalin in the blood. The result showed that baicalin could be absorbed at all of the four intestinal segments with increasing absorption amount per unit as follows: ileum > colon > jejunum > duodenum. The absorption ofbaicalin in the duodenum significantly increased with Angelica dahurica extract, thus, duodenum was chosen to be the studying site. Apparent permeability values (Papp) and absorption rate constant (Ka) of baicalin in the duodenum increased gradually with higher concentrations. When the concentration of baicalin rises to a certain degree, the absorption increase had a saturable process, the absorption of baicalin may be an active transportation. Baicalin may be not a substrate of P-gp as verapamil which had not significantly affected the Papp and Ka of baicalin. The absorption of baicalin in the duodenum significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the two models with Angelica dahurica extract and the concentration of baicalin in the blood from the hepatic portal vein showed that the Angelica dahurica extract can increase the absorption of baicalin.
Angelica ; chemistry ; Animals ; Drug Synergism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Duodenum ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Herb-Drug Interactions ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Male ; Perfusion ; Permeability ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Portal Vein ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Scutellaria ; chemistry ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

Nanobody is a kind of antibody from camel, which misses light chain. Nanobody has the same antigen binding specificity and affinity as mAb. Moreover, because of its small molecular weight, high stability and easy preparation, nanobody has great value of biomedical applications. In this study, we successfully prepared highly pure antiEGFR nanobody in E.coli using genetic engineering techniques. Cell proliferation assay (CCK-8 assay) and migration experiments (cell scratch test and Transwell assay) indicated that the recombinant antiEGFRnano can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells. These results provide a new way of thinking and methods for EGFR-targeted therapy of endometrial cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Estrogens ; metabolism ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Proteins ; metabolism ; Single-Domain Antibodies ; genetics ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) from automobile exhaust on the reproductive function of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

METHODSForty-five male SD rats, weighing 80 - 94 g and aged 28 days, were randomly assigned to receive intra-tracheal administration of 0.9% normal saline (control group, n = 15), PM2. 5 at 2 μg per 100 g body weight per day (low-dose PM2.5 group, n = 15), and PM2.5 at 16 μg per 100 g body weight per day (high-dose PM2.5 group, n = 15), qd, for 60 successive days. After the last 24-hour exposure, 10 rats were taken from each group for copulation with normal female ones, while the others were sacrificed, their testes removed for sperm count and deformity, pathological examination, and determination of the Connexin43 expression.

RESULTSThe conception rate was significantly decreased in the low- and high-dose PM2.5 groups as compared with that of the control (70% and 50% vs 100%), and so were the sperm count and quality. The rats in the PM2.5-exposed groups showed significantly disordered histological structure of the seminiferous tubules, reduced sperm count in the testicular lumen, some exfoliated secondary spermatocytes, downregulated Connexin43 expression in the testis, and damaged blood-testis barrier.

CONCLUSIONLong-term exposure to PM2.5 from automobile exhaust damages the reproductive function of male SD rats.

Animals ; Blood-Testis Barrier ; Body Weight ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Fertilization ; Male ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Sperm Count ; Spermatocytes ; Testis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vehicle Emissions ; toxicity

Objective:To prove the effect of double V-Y procedure for paramedian tubercles plasty in patients with thin lower lips and dissatisfied appearance of lower lips.Methods:From 2013 to 2019, 127 Chinese cases of thin and dissatisfied appearance of lower lips were included. A double V-Y procedure for paramedian tubercles plasty was performed. Objective data of lip morphology before and after operation were measured, and subjective satisfaction survey and long-term follow-up were conducted.Results:The midline lower red lip height, the height of paramedian tubercles of lower-lip and the protrusion of lower-lip were significantly higher than that before the operation. The time of apocatastasis, scar softening of incision, natural expression recovery and local numbness relief were evaluated by following up at 7 d, and 3-24 months after operation, and it showed 73.2% of subjective satisfaction. The time of detumescence was 6-32 (15.2±3.5) days; the time of incision scar softening was 2-10 (5.1±2.3) months; the time of expression recovery was 1-7 (3.1±0.9) months; the time of numbness disappearance was 5 d-2 years (158.2±82.6) days.Conclusions:The double V-Y advancement of vermilion mucosa flap procedure for paramedian tubercles plasty displays a significant effect in improving volume and shape of lower lips. It is recommended for further clinical application.

Objective:To observe and evaluate reductional M-shaped plasty method in patients with thick lips and dissatisfied lip appearance.Methods:From 2013 to 2019, 415 Chinese cases of thick upperlip without clear vermilion curve and tubercle were included. A reduction method for upper lip M-shaped plasty was performed. Objective data of lip morphology before and after operation were measured, and subjective satisfaction survey and long-term follow-up were conducted.Results:According to the statistics of 415 patients, the time of detumescence was 3-21 (11.8±2.6) days; the time of incision scar softening was 1-24 (2.6±0.8) months; the time of expression recovery was 1-24 (3.1±1.4) months; the time of numbness disappearance was 1-2 years. Three months after the operation, there was no significant change in the height of the central part of the upper red lip compared with that before the operation, the height of the red lip at the peak of the lip was significantly reduced, the height of the red lip was (13.3±2.2) mm before the operation, and (11.4±1.7) mm after the operation; the relative height of the dome point was significantly increased, the height was (0.4±1.0) mm before the operation, and the height was (2.1±0.5) mm after the operation. After more than 6 months of follow-up, patients' satisfaction rate of one operation was 72.0%, the satisfactory rate of upper lip shape was 75.4%, the long-term complications included obvious scars or discomfort (3.6%), local numbness (1.7%), and unnatural expression (0.7%).Conclusions:The reduction method for upper lip M-shaped plasty displays a significant effect in improving the shape of upper vermilion with thick and normal lips. The complications are slight and repairable. This lip cosmetology and rejuvenation procedure is recommended for further clinical application.