Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thrombasthenia ; classification ; diagnosis

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride ; Female ; Genes, erbB-1 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Quinazolines ; therapeutic use ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics

Objective To study the influence and dose effect of ultrasound on the contraction of uterine smooth muscle in rats.Methods Estradiol benzoate was injected into rats three days before conducting an in-vitro experiment.Their uteri were resected and irradiated with ultrasound(0.8 MHz,3 W/cm~2,0-40 rain).The contrac- tion frequency and amplitude were recorded using an MS-302 biological experiment system.Results It could be seen that the contraction frequency and amplitude,and general contractile activity were significantly increased during ultrasonic irradiation(P＜0.01).The increased contraction frequency and amplitude lasted for ten minutes,and then the normal contraction pattern resumed.The contraction frequency as well as the percentage change in eontraction fre- quency were highest during the first 15 minutes of ultrasonic irradiation;the contraction amplitude as well as the per- centage change in amplitude were highest during 40 minutes of ultrasonic irradiation.Contraction activity was at its highest for 30 minutes,but the percentage change in activity was highest for 20 minutes.Conclusions Ultrasound can induce uterine smooth muscle contraction in rats.This biological effect is related to the irradiation time.

The Chinese Pharmacopoeia is the legal technical standard which should be followed during the research, production, use, and administration of drugs. At present, the new edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia is planned to be promulgated and implemented. This article summarizes and analyzes the main characteristics and the content of updates and amendments of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition(Volume Ⅰ), to provide a reference for the correct understanding and accurate implementation the new edition of the pharmacopoeia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the interaction between opioid receptor (OR) stimulation and adrenergic receptor (AR) stimulation in the isolated ischaemia/reperfusion (I-R) rat heart.

METHODSMale Sprague-Dawley rats were used for Langendoff isolated heart perfusion. Myocardial ischemia for 20 min was followed by 30 min of reperfusion, during which the kappa-OR agonist U50488h and beta(1)-AR agonist norepinephrine (NE) were administered.

RESULTS(1) 50488h antagonized the effect of NE in rising left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) in the early phase of myocardial ischemia at 10, 20, 30 min of reperfusion. (2) Arrhythmia scores in the I-R+NE+U50488h group were markedly lower than those in the I-R group during the 10 - 20 min reperfusion period. No significant differences in arrhythmia scores were found in either I-R+U50488h or I-R+NE group when compared with I-R group. (3) Compared with the I-R group, U50488h alone or plus NE decreased reperfusion heart rates after myocardial ischemia while NE alone showed no effect.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that the interaction in the signaling pathway between kappa-OR and beta(1)-AR occurred during myocardial I-R of rat heart.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Norepinephrine ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic ; physiology ; Receptors, Opioid, kappa ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study the mutation patterns of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 18, 19 and 21 in Chinese non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC).

METHODSSomatic mutation in samples of 32 cases without Iressa-treatment were compared with that in 10 volunteers blood control. The mutations were identified for the forward and reverse sequence chains for the tyrosine kinase domain of the EGFR gene, followed by DNA template abstraction and Touchdown PCR.

RESULTSNine types of mutation were found in sequences of 7 cases among the 32 non-small cell lung carcinoma tissues, namely, five reported mutation within exon 19, and two new heterozygous mutations, L833V and H835L within exon 21, and two intron polymorphism. These results showed a mutation rate of 9/32 (28.1%) in Chinese with NSCLC, and of 31.6% in lung adenocarcinomas.

CONCLUSIONEGFR mutation rate in Chinese with NSCLC is consistent with those of Asian women reported in the literature but new mutation points in Chinese were presented as L833V and H835L. The mutation rate is in concordance with release rate of NSCLC obtained by Gefitinib treatment in Chinese.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; ethnology ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; ethnology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the prognostic value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODSPatients with ACS underwent PCI in our hospital from December 2004 to September 2005 were included in this study. Plasma BNP (n = 189) and CRP (n = 141) were measured at a median of (34.2 +/- 16.3) hours from symptom onset, total mortality and the risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including death, recurrent MI, recurrent angina, heart failure, readmission for any reason) at 30 days and at 3 months was analyzed.

RESULTSPatients were divided into 4 groups according to their BNP levels (BNP 100 ng/L to 300 ng/L to 600 ng/L) and the 3-month mortality was 0%, 1.4%, 7.7%, 48.3% and 3-month incidence of MACE was 7.9%, 17.1%, 57.7%, 79.3% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the plasma BNP level predicted 30-day (r = 0.8515, P < 0.01) and 3-month (r = 0.9201, P < 0.01) mortality and 30-day (r = 0.7066, P < 0.01) and 3-month (r = 0.7090, P < 0.01) incidence of MACE independent of other known prognostic factors such as age, gender, family heredity, hypercholesterolemia diabetes, hypertension, smoking and LVEF. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their CRP levels (CRP 8.0 mg/L to 32.0 mg/L) and 3-month mortality was 2.7%, 7.7% and 28.6% and 3-month incidence of MACE was 28.4%, 41.0% and 60.7% respectively. CRP predicted 30-day (r = 0.5882, P = 0.0044) and 3-month (r = 0.5235, P = 0.0038) mortality independent of traditional risk factors, and predicted 30-day (r = 0.2705, P = 0.0380) and 3-month (r = 0.2290, P = 0.0429) incidence of MACE after adjustment for patient age. CRP lost its predictive value after BNP was introduced into the model, while BNP was still an independent predictor for mortality and incidence of MACE at 30 days and 3 months in ACS patients underwent PCI.

CONCLUSIONBoth plasma BNP and CRP are good predictors for early mortality and MACE incidence in ACS patients underwent PCI.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo study the histopathologic changes of primary brain stem injury and to investigate their significance in the diagnosis of primary brain stem injury.

METHODSSixty-five autopsy cases died of primary brain stem injury and other diseases were enrolled into this study. The cases were subdivided into brain stem injury group (n = 25) and control group (including 20 cases died of cardiovascular disease and 20 cases died of non-cardiovascular diseases). The brain stem tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and silver impregnation techniques. Immunohisto chemical study for glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament, amyloid-beta and myelin basic protein was carried out. The widest cross diameters of 10 axons highlighted by immunostaining were measured in each low power field (x 100) through light miscroscopy in all the cases studied.

RESULTSIn comparing with that of the control group, there were differences in the degree of contusion lesion, reactive astrocytosis, edema and pathologic changes of neuronal cells present in the brain stem injury group and was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The axons locating in the brain stem injury group showed a distinctive histology by the appearance of significantly larger diameters (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPrimary brain stem injury demonstrates certain distinctive histopathologic changes and measurement of axonal diameters provides an additional quantitative index useful in autopsy diagnosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Axons ; metabolism ; pathology ; Brain Injuries ; metabolism ; pathology ; Brain Stem ; injuries ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelin Basic Protein ; metabolism ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of CD(117) on different types of leukemia and its significance.

METHODSCD(117) expression was analysed by three-color flow cytometry with CD(45)/SSC gating strategy.

RESULTSCD(117) was expressed in 68% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 80% of chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC) cases, but in only 2% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases. CD(117) was negative in CML in chronic phase and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cases in AML, CD(117) was expressed in 72% of M(0)/M(1), 88% of M(2), 50% of M(4), 75% of M(5a), 100% of M(6) and 100% of M(7) cases but was less expressed in M(3) (39%) and M(5b) (29%) cases. Expression of CD(117) was more frequent than CD(34) and HLA-DR in M(3) and some M(2) cases. There was a significant inverse relationship between CD(117) and CD(14) expression in AML.

CONCLUSIONSAnalysis of CD(117) expression may be of help in distinguishing myeloid from lymphoid leukemia and leukemia clone from normal cells.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, Lymphoid ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; analysis ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVEAcute leukemia (AL) is one of the most common malignant diseases in children. AL immunophenotypes are known to be benefit to the predictable prognoses and specific therapy. Recently, the accuracy of AL immunophenotyping was dramatically improved with the application of the flow cytometry, the new monoclonal antibodies, the improvement of the gating strategies and the multi-parameter analytic techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of multi-color flow cytometry in the immunophenotyping of acute leukemia in children.

METHODSThree- or four-color flow cytometry and CD(45)/Side Scatter (SSC) gating were used to analyze the surface and cytoplasmic (Cy) antigen expressions in 222 successive cases of childhood acute leukemia.

RESULTSCells from 222 cases of children with acute leukemia were analyzed. Based on the diagnostic criterion proposed by European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukemia (EGIL), four categories could be identified: the undifferentiated type accounted for 0.9%, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) 35.1%, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 55.9%, and mixed lineage AL 8.1%. Of 124 patients with ALL, 94 patients (75.8%) were classified as B lineage and 30 patients (24.2%) T lineage ALL. Antigen aberrant expressions were found in AML (24.4%), B lineage ALL (36.2%) and T lineage ALL (30.0%). CD(7) was the most commonly expressed lymphoid antigen in AML (12.8%), followed by CD(19) (6.4%) and CD(2) (5.1%). CD(13) was the most commonly expressed myeloid antigen in ALL (18.5%), followed by CD(15) (11.3%), CD(11b) (6.5%) and CD(33) (4.3%). CD(117) and CD(56) presented in 73.3% and 38.0% cases of AML, respectively, but were generally absent on blast cells of ALL. CyCD(22), CyCD(3) and CyMPO were specifically expressed in B lineage, T lineage and myeloid lineage leukemia, respectively, and the first two could be more sensitively detected than they were on cell membrane surface.

CONCLUSIONSMulti-color flow cytometry is a reliable technique in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia in children.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Leukemia ; classification ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Male