Objective To observe the effect of establishing channels of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on pig′s kidney by B ultra-sound .Methods 32 female Rongchang pigs were divided into four groups :control group ,group F16 ,group F24 ,group F30 ,and 8 pigs in each group .Comparing the time difference of establishing channels in percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,surgery blood loss ,the pressure of pelvis and variance of histology .Results The time of group F16 ,group F24 and group F30 were(95 .00 ± 8 .06)min , (99 .60 ± 5 .55)min and (103 .17 ± 7 .99)min ,there was no significant difference(P>0 .05) .The surgery blood loss of group F16 , group F24 and group F30 were(22 .40 ± 4 .56)mL ,(25 .00 ± 5 .24)mL and (20 .50 ± 7 .87)mL ,there was no significant difference (P>0 .05) .The pressure of pelvis in control group ,group F16 ,group F24 and group F30 were (8 .84 ± 0 .57)cm H2 O ,(23 .54 ± 0 .89)cm H2 O ,(16 .86 ± 1 .06)cm H2 O ,(13 .30 ± 0 .76)cm H2 O ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Four groups had no obvious inflammation cell seeping and hyperplasia of fibrous tissue by HE dyeing .Conclusion The time of establishing channels in percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,surgery blood loss and variance of histology has no obvious relation with the size of the channel .But the pressure of pelvis was affected with different channels and might be related to induce damage of kidney .

Objective To investigate the immune effect and the security after inoculating rabies vaccine in children. Methods To investigate and to detect the antibody level by the way of ELISA among the 337 children wounded by animals and vaccined the rabies vaccine. Results The positive rate of the antibody is 99.7%, the ad-verse effect is moderate. Conclusion Domestic adjuvant-free aqueous rabies vaccine, domestic freeze dried rabies vaccine and peregrinus freeze dried rabies vaccine all have satisfactory immunogenicity and little adverse effect.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum level of cystatin C and coronary slow flow (CSF).Methods Thirty-four patients with CSF were enrolled in CSF group and thirty-five patients with normal coronary flow and angiographically normal coronary arteries were enrolled in control group.Coronary flow patterns was assessed by corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count.The change of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein,uric acid,cystatin C were measured.Results There was no significant difference between two groups with respect to gender,age,history of smoking,prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus,family history of coronary heart disease,low density lipoprotein,α-lipoprotein (P ＞0.05).Compared with control group,the level of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein,cystatin C,uric acid in CSF group were obviously higher [(4.85 ± 6.39) mg/L vs.(2.55 ± 2.18) mg/L,(0.87 ± 0.22) mg/L vs.(0.75 ± 0.16) mg/L,(329.68 ± 85.46) μ mol/L vs.(278.97 ± 76.74) μ mol/L] (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that cystatin C increased as independent risk factors for CSF (P =0.002,OR =0.009).Conclusion High level of cystatin C may play an important role in the occurrence and development of CSF.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) as anticancer drug carrier has become the new hot point in the field of tumor-targeted drugs delivery system in recent years. Tumor therapeutic agents could be transmitted into cells because of hyaluronic acid innate ability to recognize specific cellular receptors that overexpressed on tumor cells surface. This review introduces the basic properties and physiology foundation of hyaluronic acid. Recent research developments based on different forms of HA tumor-targeted drugs delivery systems are reviewed in particular.

Objective To evaluate the value of laparoscopic surgery application in treating intussusception.Methods Between January 2004 and December 2007,12 children with refractory (8 cases,failed air enema) or recurrent (for over 3 times) intussusception received laparoscopic surgery in our hospital.Three trocars were used during the surgery.Under a laparoscope,by interrupted suture,the terminal ileum was joined to the ascending colon (3 stitches),and the ileocecal junction was fixed to the right posterior abdominal wall (2 to 3 stitches,only for children that failed air enema).Results The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 20 to 60 ml,and the operation lasted for 45 to 90 minutes.No patient developed anastomotic leakage or abnormal gastrointestinal function.The patients were followed up for 1 to 5 years (mean,2 years and 9 months),during which none of them had recurrence. The children had normal intake and excretion,and developed well.Conclusions Children with intussusception recover quickly after laparoscopic treatment with a few postoperative complications.

Aim This study examined the uptake and transport of ecdysterone(EDS) using Caco-2 cell monolayers as a model of human intestinal mucosa.Methods Two kinds of Caco-2 cell monolayer model(Caco-2 cell monolayers;CYP3A4 expressing Caco-2 cell monolayers) were set up to study the uptake and transport of EDS.Results Compared bi-directional charaterizaton of Caco-2 cell,the apparent permeability coefficients(Papp) values of EDS were between 0.1?10-6 cm?s-1 and 1?10-6 cm?s-1.EDS absorption was 1%~10% for two kinds of Caco-2 models.The RPapp values were all less than 1.5 for 4 h.Conclusions The uptake and transport of EDS was a passive transcellular diffusion mechanism.Ecdysterone was not influenced by CYP3A4 mediate mechanism.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of pirfenidone in the treatment of idiopathic pulmo-nary fibrosis (IPF),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed,EMBase,CJFD,CBM,VIP Database and Wanfang Database,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the efficacy and safety of pirfenidone (test group) versus placebo (control group) in the treatment of IPF were collected,and Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.1.7 software after data extracting and quality evaluating by modified Jadad. RESULTS:Totally 4 RCTs were enrolled,involving 1 153 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed the decrease value of lung capacity [WMD=0.39,95%CI(0.16,0.61), P<0.001] and decrease value of the percentage of forced vital capacity to expected value [RR=0.68, 95%CI(0.53,0.87),P=0.002] in test group were lower than control group,there was significant difference between 2 groups;there was no significant difference in the lowest oxygen saturation [WMD=0.53,95%CI(-0.78,1.84),P=0.43] between 2 groups,however,the results of subgroup analysis showed the remission degree of 1 200 mg/d PFD for the decrease of lowest oxy-gen saturation was superior to placebo group,there was significant difference between 2 groups [WMD=1.72,95%CI(1.33,2.10), P<0.001],but therewas no significant difference between the remission degree of 1800 mg/d and placebo;and there was no signifi-cant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups [RR=1.70,95%CI(0.46,6.31),P=0.43],but the incidence of photosensitivity veactions in test group was significantly higher than that of control group,there was significant difference [RR=9.35,95%CI(4.23,20.67),P<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy of pirfenidone in the treatment of IPF is good,but the inci-dence of photosensitivity reactions should be noticed.

Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of Millikan's modified modality using tension-free mesh-plug inguinal herniorrhaphy. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 185 cases with in-guinal hernias. They received surgical treatment using Millikan's modality in our hospital from Jan. 2005 to Dec. 2006. Results There were 184 males and 1 female in these patients with a average age of 47 years ( range 32 - 75 years). Among them, 7 cases had bilateral hernia. The mean operative time of each hernia was 49 min (range 30 -70 min), and the average postoperative hospital stay was 5. 1 days (range 3 - 18 d). The complication rate was 10. 8% (20/185). All patients had no recurrence after following-up over 24 months. Conclusion Millikan's modified mesh-plug hemioplasty is a safe and effective modality in the pri-mary inguinal hernia repair, and has fewer complications and lower recurrence rate.

Objective To evaluate the repair of abdominal complicated incisional hernia using acellular dermal matrix (ADM).Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 7 cases with abdominal complicated incisional hernia treated by ADM in our hospital from January 2008 to June 2010,among them there were 4 males and 3 females.Age ranged from 43 to 83 years and the median age was 53 years.Two concurrent indirect inguinal hernia cases were repaired and concurrent gastrointestinal tract problems including 2 small bowd fistulas were operated one stage in 5 cases.Mean diameter of hernia ring was ( 11.6 ± 2.8 ) cm,ranged from 9.2 to 16.5 cm.5 cases were repaired by using intraperitoneal onlay mesh,others using total extraperitoneal prothesis.Results All patients were operated on successfully.Average time was (33 ±12) min.Blood loss was (16 ±4) ml.Hospital stay was 7 - 12 d.7 patients repaired by ADM fully recovered.There were no chronic pain,paresthesia,pneumonia and urinary tract infection cases,no incision swelling,seroma or infection.All patients were followed up with median time of 14 months,ranging from 5 to 26 months.There were not hernia recurrence,nor surgical site infection during follow-up period.Conclusions For the repairing of abdominal complicated incisional hernia,the application of acellular dermal matrix is safe and effective method especially in those of incisional hernia complicated by infection.

Objective To investigate the application value of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression in diagnosing colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods One hundred and thirty inpatients with CRC in our hospital from February 2015 to November 2016 were selected and divided into 90 cases of CRC confirmed by operation and histopathology(CRC group),including intestinal cancer with and without metastasis,and 40 cases of benign colorectal diseases(colonrectal benign disease group),at the same time 40 persons undergoing physical examination were selected as the healthy control group.The levels of TNF-α,carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 724 were collected in all subjects.The data of various groups were not normally distributed,and the nonparametric statistical method was used to analyze and compare.Results Serum TNF-α level in clinical TNM stage Ⅱ(median 9.47 pg/mL),Ⅲ(9.95 pg/mL) and Ⅳ(9.67 pg/mL) of the CRC group was significantly higher than that in TNM stage Ⅰ(6.59 pg/mL);which in the CRC with metastasis group (9.95 pg/mL) was higher than 8.03 pg/mL in CRC without metastasis group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the TNF-α expression had no obvious difference among different ages and between different genders(P>0.05).The area under the ROC curve in each test index:TNF-α was 0.868,CEA was 0.912,CA724 was 0.523,and which of their joint detection was 0.940.Conclusion The expression of TNF-α is increased in the occurrence and development process of CRC,its serum level detection has certain clinical application value,the TNF-α expression has no obvious difference in the subjects with different ages and different sexes and has wide suitability.The combine detection of serum TNF-α,CEA and CA724 in the patients with CRC significantly increases the level,the combined detection of 3-index can have complementary advantages to increase the sensitivity of CRC diagnosis,which serve as the significant indexes in CRC early diagnosis,therapeutic effect evaluation and prognosis monitoring.