This paper analyzed current problems and challenges facing hospitals in alarm management both abroad and at home. Based on a survey conducted on alarm management in hospitals, plus an analysis on different kinds of data interfaces and data exchange protocols of the medical equipment used in ICUs, a solution of alarm management is put forwarded which is based on alarm information integration and processing. It aims at improving medical equipment alarm management and reducing relevant adverse events.
Automatic Data Processing ; Clinical Alarms ; Intensive Care Units

The survey aims at probing into the current development of medical instruments in hospitals and computerized quality control,upgrading the competence of hospital engineering departments and guiding the development of medical clinical engineering.Questionnaire surveys were made to the medical engineering departments of 195 hospitals above secondary hospitals in Zhejiang,totaling 1001 professionals.The results indicate significant differences among hospitals of various scales in terms of deployment of medical engineering Professionals,working conditions,and computerized applications,yet a consistency in academic title promotion and training requirements.In this consideration,it is imperative to build the team,maintain consistency in professional certification of medical engineering professionals,build a regular and systematic examination,promotion and certification system,enhance training in professional knowledge and equipment quality control,as well as promoting information and resources sharing.All these efforts are essential for better quality control and management of medical engineering departments,and promoting computerized management of medical instruments.

Human factors engineering is a promising interdisciplinary subject in applied sciences.This study presented the development and research purposes of human factors engineering.Based on case studies,the authors probed into the importance of the engineering in the design,management and procurement of medical equipments,for the purpose of optimizing medical equipment design,manufacturing and procurement.

Objective To summarize the management of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) for infants below 10 kilograms with congenital heart diseases.Methods From Jan 2010 to Apr 2011,the clinical datas of 122 infants aged from 1.5 months to 2 years with body weight 3 to 10 kilograms,who underwent open heart surgery under mild or moderate hypothermia CPB were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among all the 122 infants,CPB time was 13 ～ 118 min [(62.69 ± 21.48) min],aortic cross-clamp time was 0 to 86 min [(35.47 ± 19.51) min].All patients were spontaneous resuscitation and successfully weared from the machine,no severe complications associated with CPB occurred,3 infants died (2.46％,3/122) after operation.Conclusion Using membrane oxygenator,circuit tubing and artery filter with less priming,and highflow perfusion during CPB,maintaining hemodynamics stable,holding reasonable hematocrit and colloid osmotic pressure,good myocardial protection and ultrafiltration are the significant elements of the management of CPB in infants with weight less than 10 kilograms.

The contents of cAMP and (14C)-AA metabolites in rabbit platelets were measured with RIA and radioactive TLC, respectively. PGE, could cooperate with the effect of CI-930. on platelets to increase the cAMP contents. It had no influence on the effect of CI-930 on metabolites of (14C)-AA, at the same time. SQ-22536 100?mol?L-1 could not chang the effect of CI-930 on platelets, which increase cAMP contents and affect AA metabolism. The date suggest that there is not relation between the effect of CI-930 on AA metabolism and on the cAMP contents in platelets.

Objective To investigate correlation factor of anastomotic leakage after anus-preserving operation for low rectal cancer. Methods Clinical data of 128 cases in recent 3 years of low rectal cancer after anus-preserving operation were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence rate of anastomotic leakage in the group were 10.9%(14/128). The patients of male,were age of ≥ 65 years old and ＜7cm of the anal margin from lower tumor,dukes the later stages,complicated by obstruction, diabetes, and hypoalbuminemia. The take place easily anastomotic leakages in the patients which were(all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The rate of anastomotic leakage after anus-preserving operation for low rectal cancer is related to personal factors ,tumor factors and complicating diseases ,etc.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),glutamate pyruvate transaminase (AST),and cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase (CSF LDH) in adult patients with acute central nervous system infection.Methods The levels of myocardial enzymes (AST,LDH,and CK) in serum of 96 adult patients with acute intracranial infection in 7days and 39 healthy people were measured by Beckman automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme rate assay,and CSF LDH level in 96 patients were measured simultaneously.Results (1) The serum myocardial enzymes (LDH,CK,and AST) of intracranial infection group (47 cases with viral encephalitis,30 cases with tuberculous meningitis,and 19 cases with purulent encephalitis) were significantly higher than those of normal control group (P ＜0.01).(2)The myocardial enzymes (LDH,and AST ) of patients with cerebral functional disorder were significantly higher than those of patients with normal cerebral function (P ＜0.05).(3)The levels of serum AST,LDH,and CK in the virus encephalitis group,serum AST and LDH in the purulent encephalitis group,and serum LDH in the tuberculous meningitis group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The CSF LDH level in the viral meningitis group was prominently lower than that in the tuberculous encephalitis group and purulent encephalitis group,respectively (P ＜0.01).(4) No correlations were found between CSF LDH and serum myocardial enzymes (P ＞0.05).Conclusions (1)There is significant change in the levels of serum LDH,CK,AST,and CSF LDH of adult patients with acute intracranial infection,especially in infected patients with cerebral functional disorder,and the change of LDH is the most obvious.(2)The levels of serum myocardial enzymes and CSF LDH are helpful to the differential diagnosis of intracranial infection in early stage,and judging the severity of the illness.

Objective To report the microsurgical outeome of the meningiomas located in the eranio- cervical junction.Methods Seven eases of meningiomas arising from the craniocervical junction operated with microsurgical technique by use of the posterior approaehes including the suboccipital approach,the lower lateral suhoecipital approach and for lateral approach.Reviewed the related ariieales and were analysed relative to their approach selection and outcomes were analysed.Results The tumors ranged in size from 0.8 to 4.8 cm and the tumors location with 2 cases posterior,3 cases anterior and 2 cases lateral to the brain stem.3 in 7 cases were operated by use of the suboccipital approach,2 in 7 cases with the lower lateral suboccipital ap- proach and 2 in 7 cases with farlateral approach.Total excisions were got in 6 of 7 cases,4 in 6 cases with Simpson gradeⅠand 2 in 6 cases withⅡ.The subtotal excision was got in 1 of 7 cass.Follow-up with 6 ca- ses between 6 to 36 months,the occupied symptoms in 6 cases improved good.No remnant tumor and recur- rent were found in the MRI follow-up.Conclusion By using of the proper posterior approaches,the micro- surgical outonmes of the meningiomas arising from craniocervical junction are good.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of the sacral nerve stimulation (SNS)on the neurogenic bladder. Methods SNS was used to treat 94 patients with neurogenic bladder. The ICI-Q-SF scores, voiding diary (including urinary incontinence times, urinal pad test, urination times,nocturia times and urinary volume) and urine dynamics test (including bladder volume, pressure of detrusor, maximum urinary flow rate, average urinary flow rate, pressure of bladder neck, maximal urethral pressure, functional urethral length and residual urine volume) were observed before and 1 week after SNS. And the data was analyzed statistically. Results The ICI-Q-SF scores were 17.2±1.8 before the treatment of SNS and 8.3±1.6 after SNS (P＜0.05). The urinary incontinence times, urination times and nocturia times were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) compared with those before treatment. The weight of urinal pads was lessened significantly (P＜0.05), while the urinary volumes were increased significantly (P＜0.05). The bladder volume, the maximum urinary flow rate and the average urinary flow rate were increased significantly (P＜0.05) while the residual urine volumes were decreased significantly (P＜0.05). There were no differences in pressure of detrusor, pressure of bladder neck, maximal urethral pressure and functional urethral length (P＞0.05). No complication occurred in our study and total effective rate was 75.5%. Conclusions The therapeutic effect of SNS on the neurogenic bladder is sure, and the symptom of the neurogenic bladder is well improved with few complications. It should be widely used.

Using the weight-average molecular weight 50 000 polylactic acid (PLA) as a carrier, and a certain proportion of erythromycin (EM) and prednisone acetate (PNA) to mixed prepare the compound erythromycin sustained release preparation (sustained-release tablets). Using ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect separately the release amount of EM and PNA in vitro medium. The sustained-release tablets release for about 21 days, the average content of EM is 99.7 mg/table, RSD = 0.82%; and the average content of PNA is 10.03 mg/table, RSD = 0.93%. Within 21 days, the cumulative releases of EM and PNA are 86.1% and 78.3%, respectively. The drug release is steady and slow after 5 days, the burst release phenomenon in early stage is more significant. The results showed that the sustained-release tablet preparation method is feasible, the release performance is good and the clinical efficacy is significant.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Combinations ; Erythromycin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; administration & dosage ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; administration & dosage ; Prednisone ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Tablets