Objective To explore the value of maternal serum triple markers screening,consisted of AFP (α-fetal protein),β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and free estriol (uE3),for Down's syndrome,in second trimester.Methods We searched published literatures from PubMed,MEDLINE,China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Wanfang Database from January 1990 to August 2014 and articles met the following criteria were collected:(1) The report was of a screening test;(2) The research purpose was to study the efficiency ofAFP,hCG and uE3 (triple markers) screening for Down's syndrome;(3) The research subjects were pregnant women in second trimester;(4) All of the studied cases were confirmed by amniocentesis and chromosome karyotyping;(5) The pregnant outcomes must be available;(6) Each report should have at least one case of Down's syndrome identified;(7) The literature could be retrieved by Science Citation Index or Chinese core periodicals;(8) When assessed by QUADAS (quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews) Quality Assessment Scale,the score should be ≥ 8.Information were extracted,including name of the first author,publication time,sample size,sensitivity,specificity,maternal age,gestational age,cutoff value,β-hCG type and others.MetaDiSc 1.4 software was applied for meta-analysis.I2 was used for heterogeneity,and the fixed or random effects model for calculation of the combined sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and the 95％CI.The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was drawn.Deek's test in Stata Software was used to validate publication bias.Results A total of 49 literatures were recruited in this study with a total sample size of 960 245.Deck's funnel plot analysis showed that the correlation coefficient and the standard error of bias were-1.067 and 3.64 (t=-0.290,P=0.771).The correlation coefficient and the standard error of the slope were 3.578 and 0.26 (t=13.740,P=0.000).The random effects model showed the pooled sensitivity of the 49 literatures was 0.72 (95％CI:0.70 0.74),the pooled specificity was 0.92 (95％CI:0.92-0.93),and DOR was 33.80 (95％CI:25.03-45.65).The area under the SROC was 0.900 7.DOR of younger age group (including three literatures) was 14.38 (95％CI:3.67-56.42) and 26.64 (95％CI:19.49-36.41) for the older age group (two literatures).For two literatures determining the gestational age based on ultrasonography,the DOR was 50.22 (95％CI:26.91-93.71),and DOR was 33.09 (95％CI:17.33-63.19) for those based on last menstrual period in these two literatures.For eight literatures applied the cutoff value of 1:270,12 applied 1:250 and four applied mixed cutoff value,the DOR was 10.94 (95％CI:3.04-39.38),54.34 (95％CI:42.19-70.01) and 36.37 (95％CI:31.19-42.40),respectively.DOR of total β-hCG group (12 literatures) was 22.06 (95％CI:16.46-29.58) and that of free β-hCG group (ten literatures) was 37.15 (95％CI:30.00-46.02).Conclusions Triple regimen of second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome is much more efficient.The detection rate could be further improved by determination of the gestational age with ultrasound,and application of 1:250 as the risk cutoff value and free β hCG as a screening marker.

Objective To systematically evaluate maternal perinatal complications and neonatal outcomes after in vitro fertili zation and embryo transplantation(IVF-ET).Methods The computer retrieval was performed on the databases of PubMed,Cochrane library,EMbase,CNKI,Wanfang and Chinese biomedical literature database.The articles on the comparison between IVF and natural pregnancy were included.The RevMan5.3 software was adopted to conduct the meta analysis.Results Twenty-three articles conforming to the requirements were included,including 1 312 651 cases,among them 113 044 cases were IVF and 1 199 607 cases were naturalpregnancy.IVF mother's age was larger than that of natural pregnancy,while the gestational weeks were smaller than those of natural pregnancy,the newborn birth weight was lighter than that of natural pregnancy(P＜0.05);the probability of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH),placenta previa,postpartum hemorrhage and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) occurrence in IVF mother were higher than that of natural pregnancy (P＜0.05);the rate of multiple and cesarean section in IVF mothers were higher than that of natural pregnancy (P＜0.05);the occurrence rates of small for gestational age(SGA),low birth weight infants,stillbirth and premature in IVF were higher than those of natural pregnancy (P＜0.05).Conclusion The maternal perinatal complications in IVF are higher than those of natural pregnancy,and the birth outcomes in IVF are worse than those of natural pregnancy.

Objective To study the effects of classification-partition-distribution emergency nursing management for severe trauma patients. Method A total of 60 patients from June 2014 to May 2015 were set as control group receiving common nursing and other 62 patients from June 2015 to June 2016 as observation group treated with emergency hierarchical partition and triage nursing. Result The treatment success rate in the observation group were both significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Classification-partition-distribution emergency nursing management for severe trauma patients can increase treatment success rate .

Objective To explore the relationships among posttraumatic growth (PTG),social support,and coping style in women with infertility.Methods 182 women with infertility were recruited in one public hospital department of assisted reproduction technology.Measures included Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI),Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCQ).Results ① The PTG score of women with infertility was 42.55 ± 16.83,lower than the average level.② Compared with the lower PTG group,the higher PTG group scored significantly higher in social support,positive coping,and negative coping (t =3.867,P＜ 0.01 ; t =8.452,P＜ 0.01 ; t =2.817,P＜ 0.01).③ There were significantly positive correlations among PTG,social support and positive coping (r =0.295-0.515,P ＜ 0.01).④ Positive coping served as a total mediator in the relationship between social support and PTG.Conclusion There are closely correlations among PTG,social support,and positive coping style.Positive coping style significantly mediate the relationship between social support and PTG.

BACKGROUND:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is rarely reported, especial y concurrent during perioperative period of renal transplantation. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to uremia, transplant doctors are easy to ignore or not timely diagnosis reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, thus impacting its treatment.
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the clinical manifestations, imaging features, treatment experience and prognosis of patients with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome concurrent during perioperative period of renal transplantation, in order to improve the diagnostic rate and therapeutic effect.
METHODS:We reviewed clinical data of one case of concurrent reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during perioperative period of renal transplantation admitted at the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:From the 3rd day postoperatively, the patient gradual y experienced abnormal blood pressure, blurred vision, headache, seizures, disturbance of consciousness and mental and behavioral abnormalities. Early head CT showed low density in the left frontal lobe and corona radiate;and further MRI re-examination showed flake-shaped T1 and long T2 signals in the bilateral frontal lobe, hippocampus, parietal occipital cortex, and brainstem, as wel as high signals on FLARI images at the corresponding parts. After active treatment, the clinical manifestations were improved. Retrospective analysis of clinical data of this case and review of relevant literature wil provide clinical data for the diagnosis and treatment of concurrent reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during perioperative period of renal transplantation.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Asparaginase ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; U937 Cells

A novel oral delivery system that TPGS modified docetaxel proniosomes, DTX-TPGS-PN, was developed and the characterization after hydration was observed. Firstly, Doce-TPGS-PN was optimized by investing the factors, including the type of surfactant, methods of adding TPGS, content of TPGS and the molar ratio of span40/cholesterol, which may affecting the particle size, encapsulation efficiency and instantaneous release of drug in the formulation. Then, the morphology, particle size, Zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of the formulation were evaluated. The result showed that hydrated nanoparticles of DTX-TPGS-PNs were (93 ± 6.5) nm in size,(-83.95 ± 3.69) mV in zeta potential, (97.31 ± 0.60)% in encapsulation efficiency, exhibiting spherical morphology and biphasic release process that a low burst effect within the first 0.5 hour and a relative-sustained release for the next several hours in PBS. These results indicate the oral delivery system of DTX-TPGS-PN was successfully built with good properties.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Taxoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Vitamin E ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the effect of hydrogen on the activation of caspase-3 in brain tissues during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty-six healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 220-250 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table:sham operation (group S),I/R group and hydrogen group (group H).Cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery followed by reperfusion in I/R and H groups.In group H,hydrogen-rich saline 5 ml/kg (0.6 mmol/L) was injected intraperitoneally at 3 days before establishment of the model and immediately after the onset of reperfusion.At 24 h of reperfusion,the rats were sacrificed,and hippocampal tissues were obtained for determination of neuroapoptosis (by TUNEL),apoptotic neuron count and expression of activated caspase-3 (by Western blot).The brain tissues in the ischemic area were obtained and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for examination of the pathological changes.Results Compared with group S,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated,and the apoptotic neuron count was increased in I/R and H groups (P<0.05).Compared with group I/R,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly down-regulated,the apoptotic neuron count was decreased (P<0.05),and the pathological changes of brain tissues were significantly reduced in group H.Conclusion The mechanism by which hydrogen inhibits neuroapoptosis during cerebral I/R is probably related to inhibited activation of caspase-3 in brain tissues of rats.

Objective To investigate expression changes of Tau protein in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and oligodendrocytes (Ols) after stretch injury in rats and explore the relationship of Tau protein with pathological changes after axonal injury. Methods Morphological changes of optic nerves, RGCs and OLs after stretch injury were examined under light microscope in control group, stretch only group, heat stress only group and heat stress pretreatment plus stretch group. The expressions of Tau protein in RGCs and OLs after heat stress and/or stretch injury were observed by using immunohistechemical stai-ning. Results Pathological changes of axons, RGCs and OLs were identified morphologically or quan-titatively after stretch injury to the optic nerves, which was significantly ameliorated through pretreatment with heat stress plus stretch injury. The expressions of Tau protein in RGCs and OLs were increased in stretch only group. There was no significant expression change of Tau protein in heat stress only group. Expression of Tan protein was obviously decreased in heat stress pretreatment plus stretch group. Con-clusions Both neurons and glial cells are involved in pathological process after axonal injury. The ex-pression changes of Tau protein are probably related to delayed axotomy and neuron apoptosis. Heat stress can relieve the impairment of cystoskeleton through decreasing and delaying the expression of Tau protein.

Objective To discuss the indication, technical points and long-term effects of endovascular embolization for non-functioning renal graft with detachable coils, and to get further evaluation of its practical value.Methods Monitored by DSA, endovascular embolization with detachable coils was performed on 11 patients with non-functioning renal graft.Results Renal arteries all had been successfully blocked in 11 cases.Good recovery without any complication was obtained.Conclusion Endovascular embolization for non-functioning renal graft with detachable coils is safe, minimally invasive and convenient, and can be used as an alternative to the resection of the renal grafts.