Objective To study the effects of perinatal exposure to bisphenol A(BPA) on the expression of estrogen receptor ? and ? mRNA in the brain of F1 male offsprings. Methods Pregnant SD rats were given BPA at 2, 20, 100 mg/kg bw per day respectively from eleventh day of gestation throughout the whole lactation by gastric gavage until their pups were weaned on postnatal day 21, F1 male pups from each group were killed on postnatal day 21 respectively, the brain was removed for detecting the expression of estrogen receptor ? and ? mRNA by RT-PCR. Results BPA treatment caused a up-regulation of ER? mRNA and ER? mRNA relative expression in the brain,especially in the middle-dose and low-dose groups it was so obvious. Conclusion Perinatal exposure to BPA can cause a change of ER? mRNA and ER? mRNA expression in the brain of the male offspring,which may be a part of the mechanism of BPA induced brain development damage.

Objective To investigate the effect of perinatal bisphenol A BPA exposure on brain development of F1 male offspring. Methods Pregnant SD rats were given BPA at 2 20 and 100 mg/kg body weight per day respectively from eleventh day of gestation to the whole lactation by gavage until their pups were weaned on postnatal day 21  the control group had no BPA exposure. Every six F1 male pups from each of the four groups were killed at differential time points on postnatal day 1510152130 and 45 respectively. Histopathological examination by HE stain was done on the brains. Results The results showed no abnormal change was found on postnatal day 1-10. Three dosage groups showed abnormal change of different degree on 15th 21th 30th postnatal day the mainly abnormal change was karyopyknosis of pyramidal cell in CA3 of hippocampus and cortical neuron in cerebral cortex. The cell numbers of pyramidal cell in CA3 of hippocampus and cerebral cortex were decreased on 45th postnatal day. Conclusion Perinatal BPA exposure may have an adverse effect on the brain developmnent of F1 male offspring.

24 cases of renal failure induced by chemotherapy were treated with Wuling powder plus additives.Theresult of clinical amelioration was 87.5%.with a to-tal effective yielded marked actions of promoting ap-petite in animals,lowering serum urea nitrogen,cre-atinine,2 microglobulin.It also decreased the inhibi-tion of PDD on the enzyme activity of renal Na~+—K~+ATP.Microscopic exam revealed the pathological le-sion of kidney to be milder in the tested group.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM).Methods This was a prospective, single center clinical trial.A total of 116 consecutive patients with suspected meningitis who were admitted to Xijing Hospital from October 2013 to June 2015 were recruited.Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MTB) and rifampicin ( RIF) resistance mutations in 1 ml cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF) were detected with Xpert MTB/RIF and the remaining sample was tested by Ziehl-Neelsen staining , MGIT960 liquid culture and other laboratory tests .And the enrolled patients were grouped according to the 2010 South African expert consensus .The diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF was evaluated by comparing against clinical score >5 points and MGIT960 liquid culture as reference standards respectively .The comparison was performed using a χ2 test or Fisher′s exact test for categorical variables and a nonparametric rank sum test for continuous variables .Results Among the enrolled 116 subjects, 23 subjects were diagnosed as definite-TBM by MGIT960 liquid culture, 16 subjects were classified as probable TBM , 27 subjects were classified as possible TBM , and 50 subjects were classified as non-TBM.When clinical score >5 points was used as a reference standard , the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF (39.4%) was comparable with that of MGIT960 liquid culture (34.8%) (χ2 =0.292, P=0.589), and significantly better than that of Ziehl-Neelsen staining (9.9%) (χ2 =16.500, 12.771, P<0.001). No significant differences were found among the specificities of Xpert MTB /RIF, MGIT960 liquid culture and Ziehl-Neelsen staining ( 98.0%, 100.0% vs 98.0%, χ2 =1.014, P=0.602 ) .When tested against MGIT960 liquid culture as a reference standard , the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF was 91.3%. Conclusions Xpert MTB/RIF is a rapid and specific method to detect MTB and RIF resistance in CSF .It exhibits a good rule in value for the diagnosis of TBM and a comparable sensitivity with MGIT 960 liquid culture, thus it can be used as the initial method for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis .

Holmium ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy, Laser ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Ureteroscopy

The Qinbai Qingfei concentrated pellets by traditional Chinese medicine theoryand party and group, the rats were given the drugs group, comparison of pharmacokinetics parameters changes of baicalin , discusses the rationality of Qinbai prescription. The rats were gavaged monarch drug group (Huang Qincu extract, mainly forbaicalin), and official medicine group, adjuvant group, medicine group and Qinbai group (Quan Fangzu) the content of baicalin equal as the monarch drug group, in the 28 h collection in rat plasma at different time point, application of HPLC determination of baicalin glycosides in rat plasmaconcentration time curve, with 3P97 practical pharmacokinetics program to process the data Based on the data analysis, baicalin in rat plasma of Qinbai group Cmax is 4 times as big as monarch druggroup, AUC is 6 times as big as monarch drug group; the content of baicalin in plasma of rats the highest is Qinbai group, the minister drug group, adjuvant group, medicine group of baicalin in rat plasma content of less than the Qinbai group, but was significantly higher than that of monarch drug group; the medicine group is slightly higher than that adjuvant the content of baicalin in plasma of rats. The pharmacokinetic results show that the measured plasma concentration in rats that Qinbai can significantly increase Cmax and AUC of baicalin, other components of qinbai can promoted the baicalin absorption in vivo. It showed that the reasonable of Qinbai compound compatibility. The minister drug can promote the absorption of baicalin in vivo.
Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Flavonoids ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo provide a valuable imaging anatomic method for operation of the posterior transpetrosal approach and accurate positioning among relative structures in order to reduce the incidence of surgical complications.

METHODSThe clinical information of 119 adult cases (238 sides) was analyzed. All the cases underwent 16 layer helix CT scanning and three-dimensional image reconstruction of skull base without a skull base disease. Axial and coronal images were reconstructed using multiplanar reconstruction technique of ADW 4.2 workstation, and the anatomic objective structure were displayed by rotating imaging slices. The data were analyzed in statistically and compared with the published cadaver data.

RESULTSQuantitative measurement of anatomic structure was shown as below: The distance of width of sigmoid sinus was (11.14 + or - 2.13) mm, the distance of depth of sigmoid sinus was (6.04 + or - 1.67) mm; the distance from the lateral wall of sigmoid sinus to the surface of mastoid process was (9.74 + or - 2.95) mm; the distance from the anterior wall of sigmoid sinus to the posterior wall of external auditory meatus was (12.98 + or - 2.71) mm; the distance from the most posterior portion of the posterior semicircular canal to the anterior wall of sigmoid sinus was (9.87 + or - 2.60) mm; the distance from the most posterior portion of the posterior semicircular canal to the posterior pyramidal wall was (3.18 + or - 1.30) mm; the distance from the posterior extremity of long axis of the lateral semicircular canal to the anterior wall of sigmoid sinus was (13.17 + or - 2.59) mm; the distance from the posterior extremity of long axis of the lateral semicircular canal to the posterior pyramidal wall was (5.46 + or - 1.38) mm; the vertical distance from the lateral semicircular canal to the jugular bulb was (6.69 + or - 3.08) mm; and the distance from the vertical portion of facial nerve to the jugular bulb was (5.32 + or - 2.13) mm. Statistically, there were no significant differences between imaging quantitative measurement and published cadaver data. However, the measurement result, included the distance from the lateral wall of sigmoid sinus to the surface of mastoid process and the distance from the lateral semicircular canal to the jugular bulb as well as the distance from the vertical portion of facial nerve to the jugular bulb, were found a positively correlated to the distance from the anterior wall of sigmoid sinus to the posterior wall of external auditory meatus (r value was 0.284, 0.145, 0.208, respectively, all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe result of three-dimensional quantitative measurement by using multiplanar reconstruction technique of 16 layer spiral CT could represent a real distance of anatomic structures. The reconstruction of spiral CT images could display a anatomic feature of temporal bone accurately, and it may provide a valuable method for surgical approach and accurate positioning of relative structure in operation. As the location of sigmoid sinus moving forward, the lateral shift of it may occur more easily and the jugular bulb become closer to the vertical portion of facial nerve, while the extension of anterior location in sigmoid sinus should be a positively correlated to the height of jugular bulb.

Adult ; Aged ; Cranial Sinuses ; diagnostic imaging ; Ear, Inner ; diagnostic imaging ; Ear, Middle ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Semicircular Canals ; diagnostic imaging ; Temporal Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Objective To investigate the relationship between the phenotypes and the patterns of genetic mutations in the corresponding resistance genes (rpoB, katG, inhA, ahpC, rrs, rpsL, embB and gyrA) in resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates. Methods Rifampicin-resistant gene (rpoB), isoniazid-resistant genes (katG, inhA, ahpC), streptomycin-resistant genes (rrs, rpsL), ethambutol-resistant gene (embB) and quinolinone-resistant gene (gyrA) were amplified by PCR with sequence-specific primers, then mutants screened by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) were sequenced. Results rpoB mutation with predominant Ser450Trp pattern was 94. 9% (56/59) in 59 rifampicin-resistant isolates;katG mutation rate was 38. 9% (35/90) and the main pattern was Ser315Thr, but only 3 inhA mutants and no ahpC mutation were determined in 90 isoniazid-resistant isolates;gyrA mutation with main Asp94Gly then Ala90Val pattern was 82.4% (28/34) in 34 quinolinone-resistant isolates;the total mutation rate was 77.4% in 31 streptomycin-resistant isolates, of which 15 isolates mutated in rrs with main pattern A514C or A1041G, 10 isolates mutated in rpsL Lys88Arg;and embB mutation with main Met306Val accounted for 19.4% (6/31) in 31 ethambutol-resistant isolates. Conclusions The results showed that resistance of resistant MTB may be complicated, and DNA sequencing-based mutation analysis could efficiently detect the molecular makers such as rpoB, katG, gyrA, rrs, rpsL and embB in resistant MTB isolates. Meanwhile, it is notable that the rpoB mutation pattern in our isolates is different from previous report, further effort are needed to confirm the characteristics. The spectrum of potential resistance-related mutations in MTB clinical isolates may lay substantial foundation for the rapid molecular diagnosis and rational use of drug to MTB patients.

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy of Chinese herbs for supplementing qi and activating blood circulation (CHSQABC) on patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODSIn this ChiCTR-TRC-00000021, a total of 281 ACS patients complicated with type 2 DM after successful PCI were randomly assigned to the Western medicine treatment group (the control group, treated by routine Western medicine treatment) and the combined treatment group (the treatment group, treated by CHSQABC + routine Western medicine treatment). Patients in the combined treatment group took Xinyue Capsule (2 pills each time, 3 times per day) and Compound Chuanxiong Capsule (2 pills each time, 3 times per day for half a year and 1-year follow-ups). Primary endpoints covered incidence of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), ischemia-driven revascularization, and secondary endpoints included stroke, heart failure, and rehospitalization for ACS. At the same time scores for blood stasis syndrome (BSS) and the incidence of angina pectoris were evaluated before treatment, at month 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 after treatment.

RESULTSThe incidence of ischemia-driven revascularization was obviously less in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). No patient had nonfatal MI in the treatment group, while 5 patients in the control group had it. The incidence of non-fatal MI showed an obvious lowering tendency in the treatment group, but with no statistical difference when compared with that in the control group (P > 0.05). Four patients readmitted to hospital in the treatment group, while 12 patients readmitted. There existed obvious tendency in the treatment group, but with no statistical difference when compared with that in the control group (P > 0.05). The incidence of angina was significantly lower in the treatment group at month 6, 9, and 12 than that at month 1 , but it was lower in the control group at 9 months (P < 0.05). The incidence of angina was 15. 4% in the treatment group, obviously lower than that in the control group (26.2%, P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, scores for BSS were obviously lowered in the treatment group at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment and in the control group at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment (P < 0.05). It was obviously lower in the treatment group than in the control group at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAdministration of CHSQABC combined routine Western medicine treatment could reduce the event of revascularization and post-PCI recurrent angina, and improve scores for BSS of ACS patients complicated with DM after PCI.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; complications ; surgery ; therapy ; Angina Pectoris ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myocardial Infarction ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Qi

OBJECTIVETo identify whether Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum chinense) was fumed with sulfur.

METHODA static headspace GC-MS method was used to detect sulfur in the fumatory Radix Bupleuri, the authentic samples free of sulfur was detected as reference.

RESULTSulfur was detected in six samples from nine samples collected in different locations.

CONCLUSIONThe method can be used to detect sulfur rapidly in the fumatory Radix Bupleuri with sulfur.

Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Drug Contamination ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Hot Temperature ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sulfur ; analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical