Objective To emphasize the necessitya and principle of hearing and speech training after cochlear implantatiom.Methods 2 cases evaluation pre-and post-operation.Results The result of 1 case who carried out effective hearing and speech training post-operation is much better than the result of another one who did not do the training.Conclusion The deaf children can get hearing by cochlear implant.In order to get good rehabilitation result,they should do scientific and effective hearing and speech training.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of telbivudine in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients by comparing the efficacy of initial telbivudine therapy in treatment-naive patients with sequential telbivudine therapy in patients with poor response to adefovir.Methods A total of 90 HBeAg-positive CHB patients were assigned to receive sequential telbivudine therapy following poor response to adefovir dipivoxil (n=45),or initial telbivudine therapy in antiviral treatment-naive patients (n=45).All patients were treated with telbivudine 600 mg daily for 104 weeks.The efficacy was evaluated in terms of liver function tests,serum HBV markers,HBV DNA and antiviral drug resistance.Results Telbivudine showed good overall efficacy after treatment for 104 weeks in terms of alanine aminotransferase normalization rate (91.1％),HBV DNA negative conversion rate (80.0％),HBeAg loss rate (57.8％),and HBeAg/HBeAb seroconversion rate (30.0％).The HBV DNA negative conversion rate in initial treatment group was significantly higher than that in sequential treatment group (P＜0.05).However,among the patients with early response,the efficacy did not show significant difference between groups (P＞0.05).The patients with early response showed significantly better efficacy than those without early response,in terms of higher HBV DNA negative conversion rate,higher HBeAg loss rate and HBeAg/ HBeAb seroconversion rate (P＜0.000 1 or P＜0.05),but lower virological breakthrough rate (P＜0.05).Conclusions Telbivudine has shown reliable efficacy in CHB patients.Initial telbivudine therapy is better than sequential therapy in CHB patients with poor response to adefovir.However,for patients with early response to telbivudine,no statistical difference is found between initial and sequential therapy in long-term treatment efficacy (104 weeks).The patients receiving sequential telbivudine therapy should be monitored closely for early antiviral response to optimize treatment.

ObjectiveTo search for the optimum external masking time and tonal models for patients with tinnitus.MethodsTwenty-seven patients with cochlear tinnitus were selected respectively from three different out-patients departments and divided into three groups. Nine patients in every group were treated with different masking parameters according to factorial design which had three masking noises, i.e. narrow band noise (NBN), wide band noise (WBN), speech noise (SN),and three masking time ranges, i.e. 15,30,45 minutes. The results before and after treatment were compared and analysed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). ResultsThe treatment effect when masking for 15 minutes was worse than that for 30,45 minutes, but there was no difference between 30 and 45 minutes. The NBN had the best effect when tinnitus signal was single, the WBN was effective for tinnitus with multiple sounds. ConclusionNBN or WBN masking for 30 minutes showed better therapeutic effect.

ObjectiveTo analyze the relative influential factors of hearing rehabilitation of the deafened children with multichannel cochlear implant. Methods42 prelingually deafened children who accepted multichannel cochlear implant were evaluated with their hearing ability, hearing thresholds and talent level, while their family and usage of the multichannel cochlear were investigated. Results and ConclusionThe result shows that the factors influencing the hearing rehabilitation are the occupations of the parents, income of the family, the time between diagnosing deaf and the operation, the time after the cochlear implant operation and the talent level. The results of the logistic regression show that the deafened children can gain their hearing developing rapidly if they living in a family with high income, their mothers have accepted more education, and they accepted longer time of continuing hearing-aid, etc.

ObjectiveTo analyze the relative influential factors of hearing rehabilitation of the deafened children with multichannel cochlear implant. Methods42 prelingually deafened children who accepted multichannel cochlear implant were evaluated with their hearing ability, hearing thresholds and talent level, while their family and usage of the multichannel cochlear were investigated. Results and ConclusionThe result shows that the factors influencing the hearing rehabilitation are the occupations of the parents, income of the family, the time between diagnosing deaf and the operation, the time after the cochlear implant operation and the talent level. The results of the logistic regression show that the deafened children can gain their hearing developing rapidly if they living in a family with high income, their mothers have accepted more education, and they accepted longer time of continuing hearing-aid, etc.

Child ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; therapy ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Plasma Exchange

OBJECTIVE: To evolve the construction of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services(PIAS) and to promote its development. METHODS: The construction of PIAS,the request on staff and the way to facilitate hospital pharmacy development and so on were analyzed and reflected,and some suggestions were brought forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: To do well in promoting PIAS and facilitate the development of hospital pharmacy calls for the implementation of related policies in the concerned department as well as the cooperation of medical staff.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the phonetic acquisition and speech articulation in deaf children. METHODS The speech articulation test and consonant and vowel identification test were performed with 30 children. RESULTS The consonants /b.p.d.t.m.l/ were the easiest to learn. Of the vowels, single vowels received the highest score. CONCLUSION The results of the consonant identification test, listed from easy to difficult, were /b.p.d.t.m.l/,/h.f.s.x.n/,/c.z.zh.ch.j.q.r/. The results of the vowel test, listed in the same order, were single, duplicate and nasal.

ObjectiveTo investigate the outcome and repregnancy after different laparoscopicsurgical treatments for tubal pregnancy,and analyse the influential factors. MethodsIn 56 tubal pregnancypatients,28 cases performed laparoscopic salpingostomy (group A) and 28 cases peoformed laparoscopicsalpingectomy (group B). The perioperative condition, the rate of repregnancy and re-ectopic pregnancy was compared and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to detect the effect on subsequent repregnancyof influential factors such as pelvic adhesion. ResultsMore bleeding and longer operative time were needed in group A than group B, there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ). In follow-up of 6months to 6 yeats,the rate of repregnancy in group A and group B was 46.4％(13/28) and 32.1％(9/28)respectively,there was no significant difference between two groups (P ＞0.05). The rate of re-ectopic pregnancy in group A and group B was 10.7％ (3/28) and 28.6％ (8/28) respectively,there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.05). In the single factor analysis,the repregnancy in group A was significantly associated to pelvic adhesion and patency of the contralateral oviduct (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The rate of repregnancy of laparoscopic salpingostomy is higher than laparoscopic salpingectomy for tubal pregnancy. Each of pelvic adhesion and the patency of the contralateral oviduct is a factor that affects the postoperative fertility. The conservation operation is not recommended for those patients with extensive pelvic adhesion or seriously destroyed tube but normal contralateral oviduct.

Objective To know the position and shape of implanted electrode array with plain X-ray after cochlear implantation. Methods According to the Cochlear View developed by Xu plain X-ray was taken postoperatively to obtain the best view of electrode array. Results The Medical imaging of plain X- ray taken before switching on or following the concerning of the performance could assist in the detection of electrode arrays in improper position, partial insertion or bending inside the cochlea. It helped audiologists to make decisions to switch off affected electrodes for the optimization of the program, if functioning electrodes were insufficient and recipients failed. Conclusion It is recommended to conduct post-operative X-ray examination routinely for cochlear implant recipients. Audiologists should be able to use medical imaging to identify the position of intra-cochlear electrodes and apply the information to guide the mapping work.