Objective: To investigate the effect of fucoidan on multiple myeloma U266 cells and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods: The multiple myeloma U266 cells were treated with 10, 25 and 50 μg/mL fucoidan for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The growth inhibitory rate of U266 cells was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. The expression levels of RAS, p38, phospho-p38, sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) were detected by Western blotting. Results: The growth of multiple myeloma U266 cells treated with different concentrations of fucoidan (10, 25 and 50 μg/mL) was inhibited only in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis rates of U266 cells treated with 10, 25 and 50 μg/mL fucoidan for 24 h were (6.73±2.30)%, (9.12±1.90)% and (20.13±2.10)%, respectively, which were higher than that of the U266 cells without fucoidan intervention [control: (4.08±1.60)%; P < 0.05). The expression levels of RAS, phospho-p38, Shh and GLI1 proteins in U266 cells treated with fucoidan were significantly lower than that of the control (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Fucoidan inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of U266 cells by inhibiting Ras-p38MAPK and Shh-GLI1 signaling pathways. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic ; etiology ; Transplantation, Autologous

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) occurs frequently in the chemotherapy of patients with hematologic malignancies; however, it is rarely reported in solid tumors. Because of the latent incidence, TLS is vulnerable to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, leading to a poor prognosis. TLS is characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcaemia, with some major complications such as acute renal failure and cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore,the key treatment strategies usually refer to appropriate prophylactic measures for high-risk patients, early diagnosis and aggressive therapy. This paper reviews 87 cases of TLS reported in the English literature and discusses its incidence, prevention and treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between postmortem interval (PMI) and five RNA markers of rat's skin--β-actin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), 18S ribosomal RNA(18S rRNA), 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA), and microRNA-203 (miR-203), at different temperatures. METHODS: Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into three environmental temperature groups: 4 °C, 15 °C and 35 °C, respectively. Skin samples were taken at 11 time points from 0 h to 120 h post-mortem. The total RNA was extracted from the skin samples and the five RNA levels were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Proper internal reference was selected by geNorm software. Regression analysis of the RNA markers was conducted by GraphPad software. RESULTS: 5S rRNA and miR-203 were most suitable internal references. A good linear relationship between PMI and RNA levels (β-actin and GAPDH) was observed in two groups (4 °C and 15 °C), whereas the S type curve relationship between the expression levels of the two markers (β-actin and GAPDH) and PMI was observed in the 35 °C group. The partial linear relationship between 18S rRNA and PMI was observed in the groups (15 °C and 35 °C). CONCLUSION Skin could be a suitable material for extracting RNA. The RNA expression levels of β-actin and GAPDH correlate well with PMI, and these RNA markers of skin tissue could be additional indice for the estimation of PMI.
Actins ; Animals ; Autopsy ; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/genetics* ; Postmortem Changes ; RNA ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S ; Rats ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Regression Analysis ; Skin ; Temperature

Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lead ; blood ; Lead Poisoning ; blood ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the feasibility of comprehensive assessment of the whole aorta and coronary arteries (CA) simultaneously with high-pitch 128-slice dual-source CT ECG-gated FLASH protocol.Methods A total of 48 consecutive patients with suspected aortic diseases underwent CTA examination of the whole aorta and CA using a ECG-gated FLASH CT protocol (pitch =3.2) without heart rate (HR) control.Aorta,aortic valves and CA were shown with different post-processing modalities.The image quality of the aorta,aortic valves and CA was evaluated and compared according to HR (low HR group ≤ 65 bpm,high HR group ＞ 65 bpm).The scan time,effective dose and contrast medium volume were recorded.Inter-observer differences were calculated by Kappa test.Differences between groups were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test with count data and variance test with measurement data.Results All examinations were completed successfully.The image quality was acceptable in the aorta,aortic valve (100％,48/48) and CA (94.0％,551/586).Percentage of diagnostic quality images was slightly higher in low HR group (94.7％,232/245,93.5％,319/341,Z =-2.504,P ＜ 0.05).Inter-reader reproducibility was 95.8％ (46/48) in the aorta and aortic valve,96.6％ (566/586) in CA,yielded good agreement (Kappa =0.81 and 0.89).The mean attenuation of aorta and CA were higher than 300 HU,especially in low HR group (357.0-446.0) HU.Except proximal segment of right CA,the CNR of whole aorta and coronary arteries were significantly higher in the low HR group (24.5-29.0) than that in the high HR group (20.0-23.1,P ＜0.05).SNR of the whole aorta was higher in the low HR group (13.7-17.9) than the high HR group (11.5-13.9,P ＜ 0.05).The mean scan time was (1.56 ± 0.08) s,effective dose was (4.12 ± 1.23) mSv (2.77-6.77 mSv),and contrast medium volume was (72.8 ± 2.1) ml.Conclusions CT angiography of whole aorta and coronary arteries could be performed simultaueously within 2 seconds with CT ECG-gated FLASH protocol.The images were of diagnostic quality for aortic and CA disease with low dose of radiation and contrast media.However,high HR could decrease the image quality of CA.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of lauromacrogol foam sclerosant in the treatment of peripheral venous malformations.Methods 21 patients with peripheral venous malformations were treated with foam sclerotherapy.The sclerosing foam was produced by Tessari's method using 1％ lauromacrogol.When necessary,the injections were repeated at an interval of four weeks,and this process contained 3 to 5 injections.Therapeutic outcomes and safety were established by evaluating size of lesion,symptom,duration of treatment and side-effects of treatment before and after treatment.Results 21 patients were followed up for 3 to 18 months.10 cases showed markedly shrinked or even disappeared of treated malformations,9 cases showed a reduction in size over 50 ％,and 2 cases showed a reduction in size less 50 ％.Local swelling occurred in almost per session,pyrexia in 5 patients,which resolved spontaneously within several days to 1 week.No major complication occurred.Conclusions Foam sclerotherapy using lauromacrogol seems to be a safe and effective therapeutic method for peripheral venous malformations.

Objective To observe pathological features of peripheral vessel injury caused by ex-plosion shock wave so as to provide theoretical basis for emergency treatment, prevention and complication reduction of war extremity injuries. Methods A total of 18 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (six rabbits in each group) and placed respectively at 1, 2 and 3 m away from the explosion cen-ter. The animal model with blast injury was made by using fluid dynamite that electrically exploded at 60 cm above the ground. The physical parameters of blast wave were recorded using pressure transducers (PCB, UAS). After explosion, the femoral arteries were examined grossly, histologically and immunohis-tochemically. Results The results showed that vascular endothelial cells were denudated, the spaces of contractile fiber cells increased and appeared puff, the vassular elastic fibers ruptured, flexed and de-formed visibly. Some parts of the vessel wall ruptured completely or partly, leading to bleeding. TUNEL staining and fluorescence microscope found large number of apoptotic cells in endothelium layer, smooth muscle layer and membrana adventitia layer of the blood vessels. Conclusion Explosion shock wave can result in severe large blood vessel injury, which should be paid much attention during treatment of ex-plosion shock injury.

[Objective]To compare the clinical application value of fusion imaging of ultrasound(US)and computed tomogra-phy(CT)or magnetic resonance(MR)(US-CT/MR fusion imaging)and fusion imaging of US and three-dimensional US(US-US fusion imaging)in treatment response assessment of thermal ablation combined with other surgeries and procedures.[Methods]This clinical research included patients confirmed with liver cancers that underwent thermal ablation combined with other surgeries and procedures from Aug to Dec 2015. Both US-CT/MR and US-US fusion imaging together with contrast-enhanced US was applied on the same patient to assess the treatment response of the thermal ablation during the ablation procedure. The applicable rate ,the success rate of registration and the duration required for fusion imaging were recorded and compared. Contrast-enhanced CT/MR 1-3 months after the ablation procedure was taken as the golden reference of the technical efficacy rate for ablation.[Results]67 liver can-cers in 50 patients were enrolled in this clinical research in total. The ablation of 47 lesions in 37 patients were combined with artifi-cial hydrothorax or ascites ,14 lesions in 10 patients with open surgeries and 8 lesions in 5 patients with laparoscopy surgeries. The applicable rate for US-US fusion imaging[52.5%(35/67)]was lower than that for US-CT/MR fusion imaging[98.7%(66/67)](P<0.001)while the success rate of registration for US-US fusion imaging[88.6%(31/35)]was higher than that for US-CT/MR[66.7%(44/66)](P=0.018). The duration time for US-US fusion imaging[3.8 min(2.7~10.0 min)]was significantly shorter than that for US-CT/MR fusion imaging[5.5 min(3.0 ~ 14.0 min)](P < 0.001). No major complication related to ablation was observed. The technical efficacy rate for ablation was 100%(62/62)according to the contrast-enhanced CT/MR 1-3 months after the ablation proce-dure.[Conclusion]For ablation combined with other surgeries and procedures ,US-US fusion imaging should be priority when the tumor is conspicuous in US,especially for cases combined with open surgeries while US-CT/MR fusion imaging should be selected in some cases when the tumor is inconspicuous on US.

Objective To compare the results of the anterior approach (AA) with the conventional approach in the treatment of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods We searched the Medline,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Wanfang database on randomized clinical controlled trials and non-randomized clinical controlled trials comparing AA with the CA in right hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma.The data were analyzed with the RevMan5 software.Results Five non-randomized clinical controlled trials (NRCTs) and three randomized clinical controlled trials involving 615 patients (304 in the AA group,311 in the CA group) were enrolled into the analysis.There was no significant difference in the operation time between the two groups.Compared with the CA,the AA had lower intraoperative blood loss (WMD=-680.2 ml; 95％CI,-1023.97～-336.43;P=0.0001),blood transfusion rate (OR=0.38;95％ CI,0.25～0.59;P＜0.0001),intraoperative tumor rupture (OR=0.33;95％CI,0.11～0.97;P=0.04),surgical complication (OR=0.59;95％CI,0.38 ～ 0.93 ; P =0.02),hospital mortality (OR =0.37 ; 95 ％ CI,0.21 ～ 0.67 ; P =0.0009),and hospital stay (WMD=-4.75 d;95％CI,-7.82～-1.67;P=0.002).Conclusion AA is superior to CA in the treatment of larger.The operation time is the same for the 2 approaches.