Objective To construct a stable expression plasmids miR-218,to lay the experimental foundation for the expression and mechanism of miR-218 in human renal cell carcinoma.Methods The primers were designed by Has-miR-218 and the miR-218 fragment were amplified by PCR,and then which was connected with the carrier pcDNA3.1 (+) to build a stable expression plasmids.The recombinant plasmids were trasfected into renal cell carcinoma cell line 769-P,and the expression of miR-218 in these cells were detected.Results The plasmids were constructat successfully,which was determind by enzyme digestion and sequencing results.The constructed expression plasmids pcDNA3.1-miR-218 transfection of human renal cell carcinoma cell line 769-P,miR-218 cxpression level of cells was significantly increased after trasfected by recombinant plasmids carrying miR-218 gene (relative expression quantity was 1.64).Conclusion The miR-218 expression plasmids pcDNA3.1-miR-218 were successfully constructed,the plasmids can be applied to the study of miR-218 function and mechanism in renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of epirubicin (EPI) and gemcitabine (GEM) alternating sequential intravesical chemotherapy after transurethral resection in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Methods 240 patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma were randomly divided into 2 groups.There were 120 cases for each group,EPI group was given EPI 50 mg (once a week),bladder perfusion,while the EPI+GEM group was given EPI 50 mg (once every other week),GEM 1000 mg (once every other week),alternating sequential perfusion.The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 24 months when the time of tumor recurrence and adverse reactions of chemotherapy were observed and recorded.Results The 2-year tumor free survival rate for EPI group recurrence was 60.0 ％ (72/120),and 75.0 ％ (90/120) for EPI+GEM group.There were statistical significance between the differences of the 2 groups (x2 =5.489,P ＜ 0.05).3 cases in EPI group and 2 cases in EPI+GEM group progressed to muscle invasive bladder cancer,and there was no statistical significance between the differences of bladder cancer progression rates for the 2 groups (2.5 ％ and 1.7 ％) (x2 =0.000,P ＜ 0.05).The main adverse reaction during the treatment was gastrointestinal discomfort (15 cases and 6 cases respectively),no serious haematological toxicity and other adverse reactions were frequent urination,urgency,dysuria and hematuria.The differences between the occurrence rates of adverse reactions for the 2 groups were 25.0 ％ and 11.7 ％,which were statistically significant (x2 =6.252,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma,the curative effect is better to use EPI and GEM sequential intravesical chemotherapy than to use EPI alone,which can not only reduce the 2 years recurrence rate after the operation,but also reduce the incidence rate of adverse reactions.Yet,this method cannot change the progress of bladder cancer.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Asparaginase ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; U937 Cells

Objective To discuss the indication, technical points and long-term effects of endovascular embolization for non-functioning renal graft with detachable coils, and to get further evaluation of its practical value.Methods Monitored by DSA, endovascular embolization with detachable coils was performed on 11 patients with non-functioning renal graft.Results Renal arteries all had been successfully blocked in 11 cases.Good recovery without any complication was obtained.Conclusion Endovascular embolization for non-functioning renal graft with detachable coils is safe, minimally invasive and convenient, and can be used as an alternative to the resection of the renal grafts.

Child, Preschool ; Heart Diseases ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Iliac Vein ; physiopathology ; Leukemia, Lymphoid ; complications ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications ; Thrombosis ; etiology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for implementing relevant policies and measures,and promote rational drug use. METHODS:The cognition(questionnaire)and application(prescription spot checks)about antibiotics and glucocorticoids by 191 rural doctors from 14 township hospitals and 18 health room in area A,B and C(representing the economically developed areas, moderately developed areas and undeveloped areas)were investigated,and the results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS:Total-ly 382 questionnaires were sent out(191 for antibiotics and 191 for glucocorticoids),and 382 were effectively received with effec-tive recovery of 100%;and 2 300 prescriptions were checked. Results of questionnaire showed,there were still some misunder-standings and blindness among the rural doctors'cognition and application about antibiotics and glucocorticoids,the usage of β-lac-tam was not fully grasped,part of the empirical use of antibiotics and drug treatment was still not entirely clear,more than 40%had no clear ideas about the classification and contraindications of hormones,and more than half of them didn't know the Glucocor-ticoids Clinical Practice Guidelines;results of prescription spot checks showed,there were regional differences about the proportion of antibiotics and glucocorticoids,area A had the highest proportion among 3 areas,accounting for 60.9% and 18.9%,respective-ly. And area C showed highest proportion about unreasonable prescriptions,accounting for 22.5%. CONCLUSIONS:The cognition and reasonable use of rural doctors for antibiotics and glucocorticoids still needs to be strengthened. It is suggested to take effective measures,formulate and implement the corresponding supervision system,strengthen antibiotics and glucocorticoids knowledge training for rural doctors and fully implement the the principles of rational drug use to improve the rational drug use.

Objective To explore the effects of miR-218 on biological functions of renal cell carcinoma cell line through regulating the expression levels of miR-218.Methods The pcDNA3.1-miR-218 was transfected into renal carcinoma cell line A498 and 769-P and the expression of miR-218 was detected.The cell activity,invasion,apoptosis and proliferation of transfected renal carcinoma cell line were analyzed in vitro.Results After plasmid transfected A498/769-P renal carcinoma cell line,the expression level of miR-218 (1.99,1.64) was significantly higher than that of the control group (1.00) (t =60.82,10.89,P ＜ 0.000 1) The cell viability (0.90±0.10,0.68±0.06) was lower than that of the control group (1.39±0.14,1.24±0.08) by CCK8 experiment (t =15.02,31.69,P ＜ 0.000 1).The cell invasion was lower than that of control group by Transwell experiment (t =15.78,18.80,P ＜ 0.000 1).The apoptosis ratio was higher by AnnxinV-FITC experiment,the apoptosis ration of control group and transfected group were respectively 0.25 ％,45.77 ％ in A498 cell line and 0.11％,45.57 ％ in 769-P cell line.The proliferation was lower than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.000 1).Conclusion Up-regulation of miR-218 expression can inhibit the growth of renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro.

Objective To explore the application of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation(HFOV)postoperatively after open heart surgery in children with congenital heart disease.Methods From Jun.2007 to Jun.2008,a total of 1 957 cases were operated in pediatric center of Fuwai cardiovascular hospital.Thirteen cases of 1 957 were given HFOV.Among these 13 patients,8 were male and 5 were female;Age was(13.4?15.4)months.The range of weight was 4.2-12.5 kg.Four cases were tetralogy of Fallot,3 cases were transposition of the great arteries(1 case was corrective transposition of the great arteries),2 cases were total anomalous pulmonary venous connection,2 cases were total endocardial cushion defects,2 cases were pulmonary artery atresia,all patients were under cardiopulmonary bypass repaired operation except 1 patient with PAA under Blalock-Taussig procedure.All patients were mechanical ventilated after surgery.Results The duration of switching general mechanical ventilation to HFOV was(15.70?20.33)days and patients continued to be on HFOV about(10.0?7.5)days.In short term,the lung function of ventilation and gas exchange were be improved by HFOV,but the long-term result was not sa-tisfactory due to a high mortality.There were 5 survived(38.4%)in this group.Six cases of the patients succumbed to consolidation of lung.The commonest complication was pneumothorax(7 cases).Conclusions Short term of HFOV in children with congenital heart disease was satisfactory postoperatively.But there was a high mortality.HFOV can be regarded as a transition method for unsatisfactory long-term.

Objective To analyze causes of death and risk factors of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)、Methotis 118 AMI patients who died f selected from 1252 hospitalized patients with AMI from January 2003 to June 2008)were retrospectively enrolled for analysis of risk factors and death causes.Resuits The overall mortality of hospitalized patients with AMI was 9.42%(118/1252).The mortality rate in the males was 8.91%(84/943)while in the females was 11.00%(34/309)which was higher than the males but there was no statistical difieFence (P=0.2739).Mortality rate rose along with age and showed significant statistical difference(P＜0.0001)among different age group[＜40 yrs:6.45%(2/31),40～54:2.56%(6/234),55～64:5.11%(16/313),≥65:13.95%(94/674)].Pump failure occurred in 77 cases(65.25%)which was the main cause of death,cardiac arrest occurred in 21 cases(17.80%)and heart rupture in 13 cases(11.02%).There existed other causes of death including cerebral hemorrhage.digestive tract bleeding and pneumonia in 7 cases(5.93%).The mortality of patients with PCI was 4.24%(39/920)while23.80%(79/332)of those witbout PCI(P＜0.0001).Rate of cardiac rupture was 1.04%(13/1252),2.91%(9/309)in females and 0.42%(4/943)in males(P＜0.0001).The time was＜24 h(23.72%.28/118)when death occurred from onset,24 h～1 week(55.93%,66/118)and 1～4 week (20.34%,24/118).There was no statistical difference of mortality related to different infarction locations[antior 12.47%(59/473),anteroseptal 9.23%(12/130),inferior 6.73%(28/416),lateral 8.70%(4/46),ventricle postwall 5.97%(4/67),and ST-segmental elevated myocardial infarction 9.17%(11/120)(P=0.0852)].Conclusions There is a high mortality in aged patients with AMl with heart failure as the most common cause of death which usually occurs at early stage of AMI.The females have more cardiac ruptures than the males.PCI significantly decreases rates of mortality and cardiac rupture.Moreover.gender and location of AMI might be another important risk factor which affect mortality.