Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of modified S-P approach without disconnecting the rectus femoris in patients with Pipkin typeⅠandⅡfractures. Methods The clinical data of 58 patients with Pipkin type Ⅰ and Ⅱfractures were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 29 patients were treated with conventional S-P approach (conventional group), and 29 patients were treated with modified S-P approach (modified group). The incision length, operation time, bleeding, visual analogue score (VAS), postoperative complications and hip joint function at the final follow-up were compared between 2 groups. Results The patients of 2 groups had not incision infection, and showed primary. X-ray of 3 months after surgery showed fracture healing. There was no statistical difference in the time of follow-up between conventional group and modified group:(16.1 ± 5.2) months vs. (15.8 ± 5.6) months, P>0.05. The incision length, bleeding, VAS 3 d and 4 weeks after surgery in modified group were significantly lower than that in conventional group:(8.1 ± 0.8) cm vs. (12.3 ± 1.2) cm, (144.3 ± 16.5) ml vs. (172.4 ± 21.6) ml, (4.5 ± 1.1) scores vs. (5.9 ± 1.5) scores and (1.6 ± 0.7) scores vs. (2.4 ± 0.8) scores, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in operation time, VAS 3 months after surgery, incidence of postoperative complications and excellent and good rate of hip joint function at the final follow-up between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The modified S-P approach without disconnecting the rectus femoris is a better method in patients with Pipkin type ⅠandⅡ fractures, and it has the advantages of revealing more clearly, minimal invasion, lower bleeding and slight postoperative pain.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of compound carraghenates cream on edema and pain after mixed hemorrhoid surgery. Methods 180 cases of patients with mixed hemorrhoids divided into the observation group and the control group, 90 cases in each group according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with Vaseline oil gauze to cover wounds after operation, and the observation group was treated with compound carraghenates cream after operation. The clinical efficacy, VAS pain score , the edema symptom scores and the pain relief time, edema symptom relief time, the wound healing time ,untoward effect were compared and observed after treatment between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (95.56％ vs 85.56％) (P<0.05). The VAS pain scores of the observation group on the 1st day, 3rd day and 7th day after treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the edema symptom scores on the 3rd day and 7th day after treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The time for pain relief, the time for edema relief and the wound healing time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound carraghenates cream can effectively relieve edema and pain after mixed hemorrhoid surgery, and it also can shorten the course of disease and promote wound healing with safety.

The diagnostic core of multiple sclerosis(MS) always requires dissemination in space and time since the publication of the first criteria over 40 years ago.Though several modified clinical criterias have been proposed to diagnosis MS,no paitents must meet such condition in diagnostic criteria because of the reticular clinical manifestation of this disease.The diagnosis of MS is still based on clinical parameters including detailed history and a careful examination to exclude alternative disease.The effects of some disease modifying agents to MS have been confirmed by evidence-based medicine.But the intact treatment plan must contain aspects of acute attacks,prevention of relapses and progression,management of symptoms,and rehabilitation.The individualized treatment is needed according to the medical insurance,payment ability and other influencing factors in China.

[Objective]To prepare a cartilage acellular matrix scaffold and to explore its feasibility in cartilage tissue engineering. [Methods]Microparticles about 100 ?m~154 ?m were prepared after calf cartilage physically shattered and experienced gradient centrifugation,and then treated by a modified Courtman's four-step method which was improved to produce acellular cartilage matrix.After this treatment the microparticles were made into 3% suspension which was placed into moulds.With the freeze-drying method,3-D cartilage acellular matrix (CACM) was prepared.The scaffolds were cross-linked by a neotype crosslinking agent genepin for 48h,and then placed into glycine solution server times for removing redundant genepin.The freeze-drying method was used to prepare CACM.The scaffolds were investigated by gross observation,histological staining (haematoxylin-eosin,toluidine blue) ,scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and porosity measurement,water absorption rate and degradation rate analysis.After being cultivated for ten days,bone marrow stranal cells (BMSCs) of rabbit were seeded into the scaffold.MTT test and SEM were done to assess the growth and proliferation of BMSCs.[Results]Gross observation showed the scaffolds had a loosely porous and dark blue appearance after being cross-linked by genepin.The histological staining (haematoxylin-eosin,toluidine blue staining) showed that there were no chondrocyte fragments in the scaffold.The CACM scaffold had 90% porosity,(1314?337) % water absorption rate,and (13.69?7.3)% or (25.99?8.9) % degradation rate at 2 or 4 weeks.MTT test showed that BMSCs grew well in the 3-D CACM scaffolds of logarithmic trend,supporting that the scaffolds had no cytotoxic effect on BMSCs.SEM micrographs indicated that the scaffolds were porous and the cells covered the scaffolds firmly with cell processes.[Conclusion]The improved Courtman's four-step method makes a more thoroughly acellular scaffold.The 3-D CACM scaffold retains most of extracelluar matrix.After being cross-linked by genepin,the 3-D CACM scaffold has good biocompatibility and degradation rate of the scaffolds is decreased,which makes it a suitable carrier for cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of multifocal visual evoked potential (mf-VEP) in healthy individuals, and provide normal reference values for its clinical application. Methods The mf-VEP of 37 healthy individuals (70 eyes) were examined by VERIS Science TM 4.0. The visual stimulus was a dart board with patterns consisted of 60 patches spanning a 25? visual field. The length of m-sequence was 2 14-1. The results were recorded by bipolar occipital straddle. The signal was amplified 100 K and was put through a band-pass filter between 3 and 100 Hz. The first slice of the second order kernel was analyzed by VERIS software. The summed responses of fields with different stimulus were analyzed and compared according to different ages, genders and eyes. Results The latencies and response densities of amplitude had statistically significant differences both in dimidiate and quartered field(P 0.05). Conclusions The mf-VEP of healthy individuals can reflect the VEP at different field locations objectively with its specific physiological characteristics, which may provide normal reference values for its clinical application.

ObjectiveTo analyze the symmetry of multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) between both eyes in normal subjects. Methods The monocular mfVEP of both eyes in thirty-six normal subjects (72 eyes) was tested with VERIS Science 4.0. The stimulus was the pattern reversal dart array consisted of 60 sectors each included 16 black-white reverse patterns. The visual stimulation was controlled by the binary pseudo-random m-sequences and subtended approximately 25 degrees. Results There existed no statistically significant difference of P1 latencies and amplitudes between correspondent quadrant visual field of both eyes. The data difference of the ipsilateral quadrant visual fields was greater than those of the correspondent quadrant visual field. The comparison among four quadrant visual fields in right eye or left eye each showed that there was statistically significant difference of P1 latencies between the superionasal quadrant visual field and inferiotemporal or inferionasal quadrant visual fields. Conclusions The symmetry of normal mfVEP is more dominant in retina than that in visual cortex.

Twenty two patients with outlet obstructive constipation (OOC) underwent pelvic fourcontrast defecography preoperatively and postoperatively. Functional outcome and the findings on defecography were analyzed. The inconsistent signs between preoperative and postoperative defecography findings were shown in all patients. Some new abnormal findings, including 5 cases with pelvic floor hernia, 4 with cystocele, 4 with vagina prolapse, 3 with uterine prolapse,2 with rectal prolapsed and 1 with spastic pelvic floor syndrome were present in 5 patients with ineffective surgical treatment and 9 patients with effective surgical treatment. Reduced abnormal signs were showed in the 9 effective patients, but other new abnormalities appeared. The abnormal signs were reduced or disappeared in 8 obviously effective patients and there were no new abnormalities present in those patients. Results indicate that pelvic four-contrast defecography can provide valuable information for patients with OOC postoperatively.

Objective To establish a method to detect neuromyelitis optiea (NMO)-IgG in patients serum using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Methods The normal tissues (cerebellum/ midbrain, kidney and stomach) from C57 mice were cryosectioned onto microscope slides as detective substrate. For NMO-IgG detection, isolated serum from patient with NMO, multiple sclerosis (MS), optic neuritis or myelitis was incubated with the tissue sections on the slide at 4℃ overnight and subsequently incubated with a fluorochrome-cojugated lgG specific for human. For double immunostaining with aquaporius-4 (AQP4), the slides were incubated with primary antibody of AQP4 and secondary antibody of IgG-TRITC. Detection of NMO-IgG and its co-localization with AQP4 was analyzed using fluorescence microscope. Results All 182 serum samples from patients were tested using IFA. Some samples revealed a characteristic immunohistochemical staining of NMO-IgG in mouse CNS tissues, predominately in pia and subpia, and capillaries in white and grey matter in the cerebellum, midbrain, and spinal cord. Double immunostaining with AQP4 demonstrated the co-localization of NMO-IgG with AQP4. Conclusions We established an IFA using a substrate from C57 mouse cerebellum/midbrain, kidney and stomach tissue to detect NMO-IgG in patient serum. This method is specific and efficient in detection and may be useful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica.

BACKGROUND:Bioglass has good biocompatibility and biological activity, which can be combined with calcium phosphate bone cement to form an absorbable bioglass that has the advantages of both materials and is expected to have a better use of space. OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechamism of the new type of absorbable bioglass injection for vertebral body supporting and osteogenic induction in osteoporosis rats. METHODS:Twenty-seven female Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to make osteoporosis models by bilateral ovariectomy, and after 1 month, the rats were randomized into three groups. Bone defect models were established in the lumbar L4 segment of al the rats. Rats in the experimental group were subjected to absorbable bioglass injection; rats in the control group 1 underwent polymethylmethacrylate bone cement injection; and rats in the control group 2 were given injectable calcium phosphate. Twelve weeks after implantation, the compressive strength, degradation and osteogenesis of the implant materials were detected, and levels of serum bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-β were measured. RESULTSAND CONCLUSION: The compressive strength, hydroxyapatite deposition amount, and weight loss ratio in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the two control groups (P < 0.05); the relative volume, thickness and number of bone trabeculae in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control groups (P < 0.05); the bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-β protein levels in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the two control groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the new-type absorbable bioglass can greatly strengthen the vertebral body supporting and promote osteogenic effect in osteoporosis by enhancing the bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-β protein levels.

Objective For analysis of the ability to resist the shear stress and anti-calcification of endothelial cells (EC), and analysis of migrating and self-repairing ability of myofibroblasts. Methods (1) The fresh bovine pericardial patches were acellularized, tanned and modified. (2) Autologous myofibroblasts and ECs were seeded onto the patches of Group A sequentially; Group B, unseeded group. Then the patches of both groups were implanted to the porcine abdominal aortic wall separately. (3) The retrieved specimens were sent for thickness, calcium content, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological examination. Results (1) In Group A, white smooth tissue covered the surface of the specimens; In Group B, the colores of specimens was grey-yellow. The calcium in Group A was significantly less than in Group B (P