Most of anti-tuberculosis drugs are hepatic toxicity; especially 3 most common and best efficient drugs R, H, Z. Drug combination resulted in increasing toxicity, adverse events, especially drug-induced hepatitis. The authors reviewed situation of drug-induced hepatitis in the world and introduced one case in Vietnam. He also listed some drug known that have hepatotoxicity such as isoniazid (INH, H); rifampicin (RMP, R); pyrazinamid (PZA, Z); ethambutol (EMB, E); ethionamid (ETB); thiacetazon (TH, Tbl) and their mechanisms. Some experiences in treating and preventing drug-induced hepatitis were introduced
Tuberculosis ; Hepatitis, Chronic, Drug-Induced ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ; drugs

By monitoring the clinical and epidemiological development and prevention of SARS outbreak, the author initially informed some remarks: 1 month after outbreak, SARS just occurred in individuals who were close related with the initial sources of infection from hospitals. Not detect outbreak in community
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Epidemiologic Studies ; epidemiology

On 332 blood sample of patients who underwent dialysis with many times of blood transfusion at the Institute of Hematology and blood transfusion, HCV infection was evaluated. Results showed the infection of C hepatits virus of 1a, 1b, 6, 6a genotypes. The infection was associated with the quality of transfused blood. Patients gender age occupation education level, the place where the procedure carried out, marital status, religion, ethnic group, the history of drug use… were not related factors.
Kidney, Artificial ; Hepacivirus ; Epidemiology ; Dialysis ; Blood Transfusion

Chronical obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchus asthma and pneumonia are 3 common causes of death. Among them COPD is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Europa, the 4th leading cause in North America. Currently, there are 3 main groups of largely used medicaments beta 2 agonist, anticholin and methylxxanthin. With diverse pharmacological characteristics, all 3 groups also dilate the bronchus, change the diameter of air channel and the dilative pressure of the lung. They impact on the respiratory tract by 2 mechanisms: directly on the smooth muscle cell of the tract and inhibite the bronchus contraction neurologically. The mechanism and the level of their effects are differented in the treatment of bronchus asthma and COPD, in depending on each subject
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Therapeutics ; Bronchodilator Agents

174 healthy newborn babies in Lam Dong General Hospital, body weight > 2.500g without congenital abnormality, whose mother did not immunized previously with B hepatitis vaccine, were received an infection of HB vaccine of 10mg initially 24-48 hours after birth. After 3 injections of GMT anti HBS of 650.02 mIU/ml, the antibody response was 95.43% with a GMT of 1041.21 mIU/ml. The antibody response in fully immunized was 98.38%
Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Infant, Newborn ; Plasma

A pilot cross-sectional study was conducted in order to identify the need and the use of HIV/AIDS counselling services and real situation at the counselling facilities in Hanoi. data was obtained using a self- administered questionaire to 8 groups of people with risk behaviours related to HIV/AIDS. These groupd also took part in group discussions. Structured in-deep interviews with counsellors and observation at counselling facilities were also conducted. The need for using HIV/AIDS counselling services was low (45.7%). Only 41.6% of persons who have need for counselling had use service. People living with HIV/AIDS and their families were the two main groups using these services. The reason for low utilisation was user’s poor perception of HIV/AIDS infection risks. Problems from the providers also con tributed to the services: inappropriate organisation and investment. The main fidings suggest that increase of the risk perception of HIV/AIDS of individual and community serveices, it should be reorganised. At the same time, the counselling activities should be socialised, and considered as the key task of the whole society and community, not only that of the health sector.
HIV ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Epidemiology

The KAP survey on liver disease, hepatitis B and EPI was conducted in Quang Xuong and Ngoc Lac (Thanh Hoa) in October 2000. The results: there were more than 50% of interviewees giving completely correct answers on liver disease. Monthly visits of EPI staffs increased three times in Ngoc Lac to compare with this of 3 years ago. Radio/TV and loudspeakers are still the main ways to inform EPI activities. Knowledge of mothers on vaccination has been improved. The rate of having birth at CHS has increased in Ngoc Lac (from 6.2% to 34.2%)
Hepatitis, Chronic ; hepatitis B

There are 22.94% HBsAg(+) and 41.28% anti-HBs(+) in pregnant women in Dalat. The risk of transmission of the virus is especially high (63.64%) in newborns of carrier mothers who have tested positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg. Beside 8% of newborns have been infected with HBV from horizontal transmission.
Hepatitis B ; Pregnant Women ; Infant, Newborn ; Transmission

1581 person from 2 different geographic areas of Thanh Hoa province participated in the serosurvey of hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) virus in August 1998. They were divided into 4 age groups representative of different modes of viral transmission; 2 infant groups: 9-18 months old and 4-6 years old, adolescent group 14-16 years old and adult group 25-40 years old. Nearly half of the surveyed people were exposed to HBV, the rate of HBsAb positive increased with age and up to 81,4% of adults. The rate of HBsAg carriers was 17% there was no significant difference between age groups. More than 85% of infant HBsAg carriers were HBeAg positive, these rates on adolescent and adult were lower. HBsAb increased with age and only 3,4% of infant 9-18 months old had this antibody. Only 6 samples and no one of infant were positive among 1563 anti-HCV tests.
Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human

Some peculiarities on clinical features of ET in Vietnam are described concerning favorable conditions of the disease referred to the forms of ET and the age ranges, the patient's gender. Diagnostic means of ET are listed. The association of at least 2 clinical syndromes is noticed. Recommendations are made for treatment and management of ET in the framework of the National tuberculosis prevention and control Program.
Tuberculosis ; diagnosis