Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies threatening men's health, and the mechanisms underlying its initiation and progression are poorly understood. Last decade has witnessed encouraging progress in the studies of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), which are considered to play important roles in tumor initiation, recurrence and metastasis, castration resistance, and drug resistance. Therefore, a deeper insight into PCSCs is of great significance for the successful management of prostate cancer. This article presents an overview on the location, origin, and markers of PCSCs as well as their potential correlation with tumor metastasis and castration resistance.
Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; etiology ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ; etiology ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pretreatment for reducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in experiment rats.
Methods: Rat’s myocardial I/R model was established by left anterior descending artery ligation for 30min followed-by reperfusion for 180 min. The rats were divided into 5 groups:Sham operation group, I/R group and IR with BDNF pretreatment (1, 10, 100) nmol/(kg·ml) groups respectively. The LVSP, LVEDP, ±dp/dtmax were recorded after I/R;serum levels of LDH, CK and the cardiac tissue levels of MDA, SOD were examined;the ratios of left ventricular myocardial infarction area in different groups were observed by by Evans blue staining;cell apoptosis rates were evaluated by Tunel staining;the total-TrkB and p-TrkB in myocardium were detected by Western-blot analysis.
Result: Compared with I/R group, in 3 IR with BDNF pretreatment groups, LVSP, ±dp/dtmax were gradually increasing and LVEDP were gradually decreasing, all P<0.05;the leaking levels of LDH, CK and the content of MDA were gradually decreasing and the SOD activity was gradually increasing, all P<0.05;the average ratios of MI area/ischemic area were decreased from (47.54 ± 6.35)%to (28.68 ± 4.56)%, the apoptosis rates decreased from (37.89 ± 5.46)%to (10.24 ± 3.05)%, the level of p-trkB/Total-TrkB increased from (0.16 ± 0.03) to (0.42 ± 0.03), P<0.05.
Conclusion: BDNF pretreatment could maintain the cardiac function in experiment rats after I/R injury, it may reduce MI area, decrease oxidative damage and apoptosis, therefore, protect myocardial cells for reducing IR injury.

Objective To investigate the synergistic effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRT) and interferon-?(IFN-?) on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of human glioma cell line SHG-44. Methods The glioma cellular proliferation capacity was observed with MTT assay, the cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic rate were measured with flow cytometry, and the invasion capacity was assayed in a Transwell cell culture chamber. Results The proliferation capacity and invasion capacity decreased, and the apoptotic rate and percentage of cells in G 1 phase increased in the glioma cells treated by combination of RATA and IFN-?. Conclusion RATA and IFN-? combined have synergistic effects in inhibiting glioma cells and inducing the apoptosis.

Objective To explore the solution to the secure problem of EMR based upon No.1 Military Medical Project.Methods The existing EMR system provides medical records service and the EMR are stored and managed in ordinary or established file format in the database server.Based upon above database characters related to EMR and the requirement of EMR security,the MRBACKUP system was developed to resolve EMR backup,recovery and dump.Results The MRBACKUP system safeguarded the security of EMR in the lowest cost,the least system resources and the highest efficiency.Conclusion The new secure solution to EMR can better resolve the security problems in the widely-used EMR in hospitals.

Objective:To investigate the effects of TGF-? 1 and TGF-? 2 on cleft palate formation .Methods:30 pregnant NIH mice in experimental group were injected with dexamethasone (50 mg/kg) intr aperitoneally in GD 12 12 ,30 mice in control group were given the same vo lume of NS.Fetuses were removed out in GD13 12 ,GD14 12 and GD15 12 , heads of the mice were sliced in coronal plane.Expression of TGF-? 1 an d TGF-? 2 in embryonic palate were detected by immunohistochemical methods: Results:Dexamethasone (50 mg/kg) induced cleft palate in NI H embryos,and expression of TGF-? 1 and TGF-? 2 in palate tissues was h igher in the experimental group than that in the control (P

With the information section of the 187th Central Hospital of PLA as an example , the paper introduces the application of the PDCA cycle model in the quality management of its information services .As a result, it finds that the service satisfaction degree after the implementation of the PDCA cycle is significantly higher than that before the implementation .It indicates that the management method with the PDCA cycle can optimize the information service process and promote the continuous improvement of information service quality .

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Research Design ; Tripterygium ; adverse effects ; chemistry

Dental Implantation ; methods ; Humans ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the effect of photodynamic therapy with chlorin e6 (Ce6) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) on mouse model of malignant melanoma. Methods The mouse model of malignant melanoma was established by injecting 0.1 ml A-375 cells (about 2?10 6 cells) under the right hind leg of BALB/c-6 mice,and that the yellowish white node appears at injection site proves the successful model. Twenty-four of 27 successful mouse models were irradiated at the tumor site with semiconductor laser (wavelength 652 nm) with a total dose of 100 J/cm 2 . Before laser exposure,the mice were treated with 10% 5-ALA by topical compress for 2 h or 7.5 mg/kg Ce6 by intraperitoneal injection for 1 hour or 5-ALA topical application combined with intraperitoneal injection of Ce6 (n=6 in each group). Another six mice as control only underwent PDT. One week after PDT,the mice were killed,the tumor mass was peeled off and weighed,whether the metastasis occurred or not was detected,and the tumor,liver,spleen,lung,kidney were sent to histopathological examination. Results The tumor weight in 5-ALA group,Ce6 group,and the combined group had significant difference as compared with control group (P0.05). The dehydration and scab formation and necrosis could be seen in tumor sites at 1 week after PDT. The cell collapse and necrosis,subdermal thrombosis and cell outline clouding could be observed by histopathological examination. Metastasis of melanoma were found in 5-ALA group,Ce6 group,and the combined group. Conclusion PDT with Ce6 and 5-ALA could kill the malignant melanoma effectively in animal experiment but could not affect the metastasis of melanoma.

0.05) at the latest follow up. All the cases achieved solid fusion within 12 months. Nineteen cases with incomplete paraplegia obtained an average improvement of 1.26 grades by Frankel neurological classification. The major complications in this group included one case with temporary deterioration of neurological function. Another case with pulmonary atelectasis on the operation side, but cured with appropriate treatment. Conclusion One stage surgical treatment for multiple-level tuberculosis of the upper thoracic spine by combined anterior and posterior spine fusion with posterior instrumentation is feasible and effective without major complications. Early surgical intervention should be emphasized for the treatment of progressive tuberculosis of the upper thoracic spine.