1.Occupational health risk assessment of dust in cement production enterprises
NIU Yong ; ZHANG Lin ; LIU Kai ; YU Bing ; ZHANG Rongping ; HAN Lei ; XIE Lizhuang ; WU Peng ; YE Meng
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(6):558-562
Objective:
To evaluate the occupational health risk of key posts exposed to cement dust in four cement production enterprises, and to provide reference for cement pneumoconiosis prevention and control.
Methods:
Four Chinese typical cement enterprises and key posts exposed to cement dust were selected to carry out occupational health investigation and detection, and three risk assessment methods were used to assess their occupational health risk levels, including semi-quantitative comprehensive index method, semi-quantitative contact ratio method and risk rating method of International Mining and Metal Commission ( ICMM ). Meanwhile, the differences and consistencies among different assessment methods were compared.
Results:
Dust free silica content ranged from ( 4.70±2.01 ) % to ( 5.63±2.48 ) %,and the total and respirable dust concentrations exposed by bagged cement loaders and cement baggers exceeded Chinese permissible concentration-time weighted average( PC-TWA ). The results of semi-quantitative comprehensive index method showed that all the types of work were at high risk of total and respirable dust, while the results of the other two assessment methods showed that bagged cement loaders and cement baggers were at a extremely high or intolerable risk. There were no significant differences among three risk assessment methods whether in terms of total dust or respirable dust ( P>0.05 ). ICMM risk rating method and contact ratio method showed highly positive correlation in term of respirable dust ( rs=0.894, P=0.016 ), but not in term of total dust ( rs=0.733, P=0.097 ). However, the correlations of comprehensive index method with the other two methods were unable to conduct.
Conclusion
Bagged cement loaders and cement baggers are at high occupational health risk levels. Moreover, semi-quantitative contact ratio method and ICMM risk rating method have high positive correlation in term of respirable dust, the applicability of comprehensive index method still needs further study.
2. Analysis of occupational pneumoconiosis in Jiangsu province from 2006 to 2017
Lizhuang XIE ; Lang ZHOU ; Bangmei DING ; Han SHEN ; Lei HAN ; Peng ZHOU ; Hengdong ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2019;37(3):189-193
Objective:
To analyze the characteristics and patterns of occupational pneumoconiosis in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2006 to 2017, and to provide a scientific basis for government departments to develop effective interventions and preventive strategies against occupational pneumoconiosis.
Methods:
The data of 9327 patients with occupational pneumoconiosis were retrieved from the online report of occupational pneumoconiosis in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2017. Excel worksheet and SPSS 20.0 software were used to organize and analyze the data, respectively. An epidemiological statistical analysis was performed on age of onset, length of dust exposure, type of work, industry category, type of pneumoconiosis, annual incidence of pneumoconiosis, regional distribution, enterprise scale, and economic category in those patients.
Results:
A total of 9 327 patients with occupational pneumoconiosis were reported in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2017. In those patients, 8 559 were newly diagnosed and 768 had advanced disease. The male-female ratio was 16.34:1.Patients with stage I pneumoconiosis(6 994, 74.99%) were dominant in all the patients. The mean age of onset and length of dust exposure were 58.5±10.7 and 15.3±10.9 years, respectively. Most of the patients (6 012, 64.46%) had an age of onset between 50 and 69 years. For the length of dust exposure, the highest percentage was observed in patients exposed for no more than 5 years (2 231, 23.92%).The largest number of patients diagnosed with pneumoconiosis(1 200, 12.87%) was reported in 2010. Most of the patients(7 012, 75.18%) were from four cities, i.e, Wuxi (2 090, 22.41%), Yancheng (1 987, 21.30%), Suzhou (1 552, 16.64%), and Xuzhou (1 383, 14.83%). In all the patients, the incidence of silicosis (6791, 72.81%) was highest, followed by coal worker pneumoconiosis (1 364, 14.62%) and electric welder pneumoconiosis (563, 6.04%).Pneumoconiosis complicated by tuberculosis was found in 28 (0.3%) patients.A total of 1616 (17.33%) patients were reported in health, social security, and social welfare industries, while 1474 (15.80%) patients worked for coal mining and washing. Rock drillers (2 818, 30.21%) were dominant in those patients.State-owned economic enterprises reported the largest number of patients(5 441, 58.34%).Patients from small enterprises (4 323, 46.35%) had the highest percentage.
Conclusion
Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease with a high incidence in Jiangsu Province. Pneumoconiosis patients show an industry- and job-centered distribution. The length of dust exposure is decreasing.
3.Group rehabilitation training can improve the speech and life quality of persons with post-stroke dysarthria
Lijing CHANG ; Yahui WANG ; Jun XING ; Lizhuang ZHANG ; Fugang ZHAO
Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2020;42(9):792-796
Objective:To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation training in a group on the speech and life quality of stroke survivors with dysarthria.Methods:Stroke survivors with dysarthria were randomly divided into an observation group (of 43) and a control group (of 41). In addition to routine medication, the control group was given 30 minutes of one-to-one rehabilitation training twice a day, 6 days a week for 4 weeks while the observation group was provided with 30 minutes of group training. Before and after the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the comprehensive dysarthria assessment scale and the WHOQOL-100 life quality assessment.Results:After the treatment, both groups′ average scores on the comprehensive assessment scale had improved significantly. Except for jaw positioning, all of the observation group′s other scores were significantly better than those of the control group, on average. The observation group also performed significantly better on the WHOQOL-100 assessment, on average.Conclusions:Group rehabilitation training can improve the speech function and life quality of stroke survivors with dysarthria significantly better than one-to-one training.
4.Effects of tongue acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group of dysarthria on speech function in post-stroke dysarthria patients.
Fugang ZHAO ; Jun XING ; Yahui WANG ; Lizhuang ZHANG ; Xiaomin DI ; Lijing CHANG
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion 2018;38(10):1080-1084
OBJECTIVE:
To observe the effects of tongue and nape acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group of dysarthria on speech function in post-stroke dysarthria patients, and to explore the treatment of dysarthria.
METHODS:
Eighty patients with dysarthria were randomly divided into an observation group (40 cases) and a control group (40 cases). The patients in the two groups were treated with conventional treatment. The patients in the control group were treated with the acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training group of dysarthria; the patients in the observation group were treated with the control group treatment and tongue acupuncture, once a day, 6 days per week for 2 weeks. The patients were evaluated with general dysarthria scale and dysarthria checklist of Chinese Rehabilitation Study Center before and after 2-week treatment.
RESULTS:
After treatment, the total score and each item score of general dysarthria scale were reduced (all <0.05); all the score in the observation group was lower than those in the control group (all <0.05), except the score of jaw which had no significant difference between the two groups. After treatment, the dysarthria checklist of Chinese Rehabilitation Study Center in the observation group was superior to that in the control group (<0.05). The total effective rate was 85.0% (34/40) in the observation group, which was higher than 67.5% (27/40) in the control group (<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Tongue acupuncture, nape acupuncture and rehabilitation training group of dysarthria could effectively improve the speech function of post-stroke dysarthria patients.
Acupuncture Therapy
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Dysarthria
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therapy
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Humans
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Speech
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Stroke
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Tongue
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Treatment Outcome