Objective To discuss a new temporal bone tomography radiographic technique for the assessment of cochlear implantation and its clinic value. Methods Plane radiographs of both the temporal bone tomography and cochlear position tomography were taken on 10 children after cochlear implantation. The numbers of inserted electrodes of both techniques were compared. Results The inserted electrodes were shown clearly in both techniques. There was no difference in the data be-tween the 2 methods and between the operation and radiography outcomes (P>0.05). Conclusion Temporal bone tomography is a new method to evaluate cochlear implants in postoperative patients.

Aim To observe whether DHEA has enhancing effect on DbcAMP -induced differentiation of NG108-15 cells, including neurite outgrowth, and study its possible mechanisms. Methods NG108-15 cells (a h ybrid cell line of mouse neuroblastoma and rat glioma) were used as a substitute for primary culture neuron in vitro. The morphology of NG108-15 cells was o bserved and neurite outgrowth was determined in an inversed microscope after treatme nt with various drugs. Gelatin-substrate gel electrophoresis was used to detect gelatinases (MMP-9 and MMP-2). Results ① DHEA and DbcAMP inhibited NG108-15 proliferation.②DHEA had enhancing effect on the promoting activity of neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth by DbcAMP. DbcAMP could increase neurite elongation of NG108-15 cells. Compared with this, the combined treatment with DHEA and DbcAMP significantly enhanced the neurite outgrowth of NG108-15 cells, including neurite length and numbers of cells with neurite, in a DHEA dose-dependent manner. ③ MMPs were involved in neuronal differentiation. DbcAMP induced the increase in MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities and such elevation was enhanced by DHEA in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion DHEA enhances the effect of DbcAMP in promoting the neurite outgrowth of NG108-15 cells, which might be related to the increase in MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities.

Objectives To analyse the etiology and clinical characteristics of syncope in children. Methods The clinical data of 128 children with syncope were retrospectively analyzed. Results According to the definition of syncope and supporting test results, 20 cases of non-syncopal conditions were excluded. In 108 cases of syncope, there were 70 cases (64.81%) of neurally mediated syncope, 8 cases (7.41%) of cardiogenic syncope, and 24 cases (22.22%) of unexplained syncope. Eighty-five cases (78.71%) had incentives before the onsets. Twenty-one cases (19.44%) had the family histories of syncope. One case (0.93%) had the family history of sudden death. The neurally mediated syncope and cardiogenic syncope had the feature of recurrent attacks. The VVS were preceded by limbs weakness, pale complexion, darkness in front of eyes, hearing loss, nausea and chest pain, the POTS by palpitation, chest pain and weakness, the OH by darkness in front of eyes, pale complexion and hearing loss, and the car-diogenic syncope by precordial discomfort, pain and chest pain. Conclusions The VVS is one of the most common cause of syn-cope in children. The onsets of the various types of syncope often have incentives and are preceded by some symptoms. Most of them have the feature of recurrent attacks.

Objective To evaluate the imaging performance and characteristics of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNET), in order to raise awareness of the disease and the diagnostic accuracy. Methods Thirteen patients with pPNET who confirmed by puncture or pathology were enrolled in this study. The CT and MRI features were retrospectively analyzed. Four patients received simple routine CT examination, and 9 patients had MRI examination based on X-ray, CT examination. Results The part of body involved was more widely.Two patients occurred in the sinuses, 1 patient in the chest wall, 1 patient in the lung, and 3 patients in the abdominal and pelvic(1 patient involved the pelvic floor through the pelvic wall lesions to basins), 1 patient in the spine, and 5 patients located in the extremities. The characteristics of pPNET by CT and MRI in soft tissue of 8 patients showed single large soft tissue mass, and the biggest was 11.2 cm × 10.6 cm. In bonds and joints of 5 patients, CT and MRI showed wide range of soft tissue mass, mixed internal signal/density with obviously uneven enhancement, significant bone destruction and dissolvable osseous changes, and no obvious tumor bone and calcification. Conclusions Each site has its relative imaging characteristics of pPNET. CT and MRI can show lesions involving the scope, internal structure, with or without adjacent tissue invasion and metastasis, and provide guidance for clinical treatment and selecting treatment regimen. But in the end, it depends on the diagnosis of pathological and immunohistochemical examination.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of mesenteric cyst.Methods The clinical data of 5 patients with mesenteric cyst who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The experiences in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were summarized.Results Preoperative diagnosis of the mesenteric cyst mainly depended on imaging examination,such as color Doppler ultrasonography or computed tomography.The cysts of the 5 patients were located at the mesentery of the small intestine.All the patients received surgical resection of the cysts,and postoperative pathological examination confirmed the preoperative diagnosis.The duration of hospital stay was 8-12 days,and time of follow-up was 4-52 months,no recurrence nor canceration of the cysts was detected.Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasonography and computed tomography have high diagnostic value for mesenteric cyst,while its final diagnosis depends on pathological findings.Complete surgical resection is the first choice for the treatment of mesenteric cyst,and it provides a satisfactory prognosis for the patients.

It’s still controversial whether there is specificity of acupoints, because numerous studies showed that stimulation to acupoints and sham acupoints produced parallel clinical efficacies. For example, acupoint specificity was not detected when Visual Analogue Scale was adopted to evaluate pain, while hemodynamic and neuroimaging studies suggested the existence of acupoint specificity. This article reviewed and summarized relevant studies that supported or didn’t support acupoint specificity. Further researches are required to prove the existence of specificity of acupoints.

Objective To compare the efficacy between arthroscopic assisted reduction and traditional opera-tion approach for the treatment of tibial plateau fractures.Methods 75 patients with tibial plateau fracture(SchatzkerⅠ -Ⅳ type)were recruited,which were randomly divided into the arthroscopic and traditional operation group according to different treatment methods.The clinical efficacy and value of arthroscopically assisted reduction was ana-lyzed and compared according to the incidence of postoperative complications,the operative time,incision length,blood loss,hospital stay,and clinical efficacy between the two groups.Results Compared with the data in the traditional operation group,the incidence of postoperative complications (2.70% vs.21.3%)was significantly lower(χ2 =5.980,P =0.014).The operative time[(88.1 ±15.2)min vs.(103.8 ±22.1)min]was significantly shorter(t =3.575,P =0.001).And the incision length[(6.7 ±2.3)cm vs.(10.8 ±2.7)cm)]declined greatly(t =5.745,P =0.000).The hospital stay time and blood loss were significantly lower than that of the traditional operation group[(4.5 ± 2.3)d vs.(6.5 ±3.1)d;(145.2 ±43.0)mL vs.(294.4 ±90.2)mL,respectively],and the differences were statisti-cally significant(t =3.166,P =0.003;t =7.829,P =0.000,respectively).The excellent rate of clinical features in arthroscopic group(86.49%)was higher than that of traditional operation group(71.05%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =3.723,P =0.039).Conclusion Arthroscopic -assisted reduction has many features for the tibial plateau fractures (SchatzkerⅠ -Ⅳ type),such as lower incidence of postoperative complications,less trau-ma,shorter operative time,and better postoperative knee function and so on,so it is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To compare and observe the effect of GASMAN software computer aided and traditional teaching method in the teaching of inhalation anesthesia. Methods 48 members of interns who need to enter the inhalation anesthesia department to study the theory of inhalation anesthesia were ran-domly divided into either GASMAN software group or traditional group with 24 people in each group, using the above two methods to carry on the study of inhalation anesthesia. After the end of the teaching course, the study effect and the satisfaction degree of the two groups of students were investigated by the written exam and questionnaire. SPSS 11.5 was used for statistical analysis, using±s to express measurement data. The results of the examination were compared with the independent sample t test, and the satisfaction survey feedback was compared with chi square test, The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 ). Result The mean score of GASMAN software group (95.4 ±2.7) was significantly higher than that of tra-ditional group (85.0 ±3.5) (t=11.5,P=0.000). Satisfaction survey results showed that GASMAN computer assisted instruction software learning was easier for students to accept, and there were significant difference between two groups (P=0.001). Conclusion Teaching mode of GASMAN software is a good learning technique of inhalation anesthesia, which is worthy of promotion.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in differential diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Fifty-two patients including 20 patients with ICC (ICC group) and 32 patients with HCC (HCC group) confirmed by histopathological examination were recruited in the study.All the patients were performed MR exams on a 1.5T scanner in a protocol containing the routine T1WI,T2WI,DWI and DTI.The values of ADC,fractional anisotropy (FA),diffusion coefficient (D) were blindly reviewed and analyzed by two experienced observers,and were compared between two groups.The ROC curve was used to evaluate the di agnostic efficiency.Results The border clear percentage of ICC group (9/20,45.00％) had no significant difference compared with that of HCC group (15/32,46.88％;x2 =0.02,P=0.90),the detection rate of bile duct expansion in ICC group (11/20,55.00％) was higher than that in HCC group (4/32,12.50％;x2=10.83,P=0.001).Theintraclasscor relation coefficient value of ADC,D and FA in the ICC group and HCC group were all more than 0.90.The mean FA of ICCgroup (0.45±0.16) were significantly higher than that of HCC group (0.30±0.13;P=0.001),while the mean ADC and D values in ICC and HCC groups had no significant difference (both P＞0.05).The area under the ROC curve of FA was 0.76.And when FA=0.31,there was a higher sensitivity (85.0％) in identifying ICC and HCC.Conclusion The FA of DTI shows a stronger capability than the ADC and D values in differentiating the ICC from HCC.

[Objective]To evaluate the prognostic value of skull-base invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).[Methods]A total of 924 patients who were diagnosed with NPC between 2003 and 2004,had undergone MRI scan and received mdiothempy as their primary treatment,and had no distant metastasis were included in this study.MRI images and medical records were analyzed retrospectively.All the 924 eases.patients who developed skull-base invasions based on MRI,315 patients with T3 disease and 227 patients with T2 disease were selected for analysis.The staging was according to the sixth edition of the American Joint Commission on Cancer(AJCC)staging system.[Results]Incidence of skullbase invasion according to MRI was 55.4%.Of 924 cases.skull-base invasion on MRI was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival(OS)and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS),but was a marginally significant independent prognostic factor for local relapse-free survival(LRFS),P=0.068.Grading of MRI-detected skull-base erosion according to the site of invasion was an independent prognostic factor for OS(P=0.002 and P=0.005)and DMFS(P=0.001 for both)in the 512 patients with skull-base invasions and 315 patients with T3 disease.Severe-grade of skull-base invasion on MRI was an independent prognostic factor for OS and DMFS in the 924 patients(P ＜ 0.001 for both).No significant differences were observed on OS,LRFS,and DMFS between T2a patients and T3 patients with low-grade of MRI-deteeted skull-base involvement.[Conclusions]Skull-base invasion based on MRI is not an independent prognostic factor for NPC.However,severe-grade of invasion according to the site of involvement has positive prognostic value.