The incidence of liver cancer has been increasing year by year.In China,the incidence of liver cancer is 25.7/10 million.However,when the important organs have been involved or when the malignant liver tumors are located adjacent to the hepatic portal vital organs,the lesions are usually difficult to be surgically removed,and the curative results of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for such lesions are often poor.In recent years,along with the gradual rise of ablation techniques,the irreversible electroporation (IRE),regarded as a new ablation method that uses non-thermal energy,has been widely employed in clinical practice.Through generating instantaneous high voltage electrical pulses,IRE produces irreversible nanoscale damage to the cell membrane.Both domestic and foreign researches have indicated that for the treatment of inoperable primary or metastatic liver tumors IRE can effectively inactivate the tumor tissue while the lumen architecture of the vessels can be preserved and large vessel or bile duct will not be damaged.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about IRE device structure,mechanism of therapeutic action,preclinical studies,clinical application methods and clinical efficacy in order to provide reference for the application of this technology in clinical practice.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:285-289)

Human swine influenza A (H1N1) is a highly transmissible infectious disease, which has spreaded globally and represented a continuous pandemic threat. The novel virus has predominantly affected the children and young adults. Clinical manifestations generally appear mild, but there are still many patients with severe complications leading to hospitalization. According to the current reports, the mortality in the early stages of the pandemic appears no more than seasonal influenza A . Children (especially less than 5years) are considered to be at higher risk of infection and complications. Pediatric patients with a underlying significant chronic disease such as chronic respiratory disease,cardiovascular disease and immunodeficiency disease, are at a higher risk of death. The neuraminidase inhibitors Oseltamivir and Zanamivir are effective for prophylaxis and treatment. Effective vaccines are regarded to be crucial for the control of influenza pandemics. This review focuses on the epidemiological situation, clinical characteristics and management of human swine influenza A (H1N1), so as to provide practical advice for clinicians.

This study aims to explore the clinical value of the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for early detection of the pulmonary nodules on digital chest X-ray. A total of 100 cases of digital chest radiographs with pulmonary nodules of 5-20 mm diameter were selected from Pictures Archiving and Communication System (PACS) database in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were enrolled into trial group, and other 200 chest radiographs without pulmonary nodules as control group. All cases were confirmed by CT examination. Firstly, these cases were diagnosed by 5 different-seniority doctors without CAD, and after three months, these cases were re-diagnosed by the 5 doctors with CAD. Subsequently, the diagnostic results were analyzed by using SPSS statistical methods. The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity for detecting pulmonary nodules tended to be improved by using the CAD system, especially for specificity, but there was no significant difference before and after using CAD system.
China ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax

Objective To analyze the expression and role of ubiquitin specific peptidase 18 (USP18) in gastric cancer cells,and to investigate the relationship between the development of gastric cancer and USP18.Methods The levels of USP18 protein and mRNA expression in immortalized gastric mucosa epithelial GSE cell lines and gastric cancer cell lines (AGS,MKN45,MKN25,BGC823,BGC803,SGC7901) were detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot,respectively.The role of USP18 in the invasion and proliferation of gastric cancer cells was analyzed by using CCK8 and Transwell assays.Results The mRNA level of USP18 was lower in GSE cell lines than that in gastric cancer cells (F =794.052,P ＜ 0.000 1).In six gastric cancer cell lines,mRNA level of USP18 was relatively high in BGC823 (17.62±0.55) and BGC803 (13.52±0.50) cell lines,and low in MKN28 (1.40±0.17) and MKN45 cell lines (4.23±0.26).As for the protein level,the expression of USP18 was lowest in GSE cell line.In six gastric cancer cell lines,the expression of USP18 was the highest in more aggressive SGC7901 and BGC803 cell lines and the lowest in AGS and MKN45 cells.Compared with the control group,interference of USP18 decreased the invasion and proliferation abilities of SGC7901 and BGC803 cell lines (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion USP18 is highly expressed in more invasive gastric cancer cells,and the downregulation of USP18 can suppress the invasion and proliferation of gastric cancer cells.

Objective To summarize and analyze the perioperative complications of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation in treating tumors at different locations and to discuss their managements. Methods A total of 200 patients with tumors, including pancreatic tumor (n=71), liver tumor (n=64) and other tumors (n =65), were enrolled in this study. All patients received IRE ablation treatment. The perioperative complications were recorded and the data were statistically analyzed. The causes of severe complications and the treatment of complications were discussed. Results None of the patients died during the course of IRE ablation procedure. Severe postoperative complications occurred in the patients with pancreatic tumor or liver tumor, including duodenal artery bleeding in 3 patients with pancreatic tumor, which occurred at 10 days, 11 days and 15 days after IRE ablation respectively, and gastrointestinal bleeding (n =1) and biliary septic shock (n=1) in 2 patients with liver tumor, which occurred at 9 days after IRE ablation, the clinical symptoms were controlled after interventional embolization and/or vascular ligation together with anti-infective therapy. All minor complications were relieved after symptomatic treatment within 14 days. Conclusion IRE ablation has less systemic inflammatory response, and both the intraoperative and postoperative adverse reactions can be easily controlled, besides, IRE ablation has higher clinical safety. Although IRE ablation procedure may damage the internal or peripheral vessels of the pancreatic tumor, this severe complications can be effectively avoided if proper measures are adopted based on the causes of complications. (J Intervent Radiol, 2018, 27: 223-227)

Objective:To explore the application and value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in refractory infection after organ transplantation.Methods:A case report discussed about a patient with lumbar spine infection after kidney transplantation and the relevant literature was reviewed. The recipient was a 63-year-old man with low back pain after kidney transplantation. Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging showed lumbar spine infection. Multiple operations plus antibacterial and antituberculosis treatments were ineffective. Before and after treatment, numerous tests of traditional pathogenic microorganisms failed to detect any positive bacteria.Results:The detection of lumbar secretion by mNGS suggested aspergillus infection. The symptoms improved after dosing of voriconazole.Conclusions:The incidence of fungal infection of lumbar spine is low. The imaging manifestations are non-typical so that it is easy to misdiagnose. mNGS helps to timely diagnose and guide treatment. With a review of the literature, mNGS has some application value for some difficult and rare infectious diseases.

ABSTRACT:Objective To summarize nursing experience of 45 complex renal calculi patients treated with invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters.Methods Oxy-gen-inhaling and electrocardiograph monitoring were given to 45 patients and changes of disease were observed.The indwelling catheters were closely observed and were maintained unobstructed, and the color and property were observed.The related complications such as secondary hemorrhage and urinary irritation were controlled.Results All patients were successfully discharged after re-covery,among whom there was 1 case with postoperative septic shock,3 cases with secondary bleeding,and 3 cases with secondary nephrolithotomy,and all the patients were recovered they were followed after corresponding measures.After 6 ~24 months after operation,42 patients re-turned to normal and 3 cases maintained the former status without residue and relapse of stone. Conclusion Invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters is safety and effec-tive,and postoperative nursing plays very important role in recovery of patients.

ABSTRACT:Objective To summarize nursing experience of 45 complex renal calculi patients treated with invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters.Methods Oxy-gen-inhaling and electrocardiograph monitoring were given to 45 patients and changes of disease were observed.The indwelling catheters were closely observed and were maintained unobstructed, and the color and property were observed.The related complications such as secondary hemorrhage and urinary irritation were controlled.Results All patients were successfully discharged after re-covery,among whom there was 1 case with postoperative septic shock,3 cases with secondary bleeding,and 3 cases with secondary nephrolithotomy,and all the patients were recovered they were followed after corresponding measures.After 6 ~24 months after operation,42 patients re-turned to normal and 3 cases maintained the former status without residue and relapse of stone. Conclusion Invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters is safety and effec-tive,and postoperative nursing plays very important role in recovery of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the application effect of a personalized nutritional program based on nutrition risk screening in kidney transplant patients.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 90 patients who completed kidney transplantation in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from November 2020 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects. Envelopes were used to draw lots, and patients were randomly divided into the control group (45 cases) and the test group (45 cases) . The control group was given routine basic treatment and nursing care, while the test group was given a personalized nutrition plan based on nutritional risk screening at basis of the control group. The changes of nutritional indexes such as total protein, albumin, prealbumin, retinol-binding protein, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, and hemoglobin were observed before operation and on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days after operation in the two groups. The changes of renal function indicators (such as serum creatinine level, endogenous creatinine clearance rate, glomerular filtration rate) were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of readmission within 3 months of discharge was compared between the two groups.Results:The levels of retinol-binding protein in the experimental group on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days of intervention were better than those in the control group, while the serum creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . On the 14th day of intervention, the levels of total protein, hemoglobin, total iron binding capacity and serum iron in the test group were higher than those in the control group, and the clearance rate of endogenous creatinine was lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that time had an effect on the recovery of nutritional and renal function indexes of patients in both groups ( P<0.05) . There were statistically significant differences in the levels of total protein, hemoglobin, retinol-binding protein, serum creatinine and the main effect of glomerular filtration rate intervention between the two groups ( P<0.05) . And there was an interaction between intervening factors and time of hemoglobin, retinol-binding protein and serum iron levels ( P<0.05) . After 3 months of follow-up, the readmission rate of patients in the experimental group was 0, and that in the control group was 13.6% (6/44) , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Nutritional risk screening combined with personalized nutrition program can effectively improve the nutritional status of kidney transplant patients, promote the recovery of transplanted kidney function, reduce the readmission rate and improve the clinical outcome of patients.

BACKGROUND:Current studies have confirmed that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can promote nerve regeneration in neurodegeneration-related diseases.The occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction,but the role of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on the regulation of apoptosis and mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases is not yet clarified. OBJECTIVE:To explore the regulatory effects and mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS:SH-SY5Y cells were divided into three groups:control group,H2O2 group,and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group.Cells in the control group were normally cultured.Cells in the H2O2 group were treated with 300 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.In the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group,the intervention with 300 μg/L Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides was conducted first for 1-2 hours,followed by the addition of 300 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 kit.Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining kit.The activities of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were detected by malondialdehyde test kit and superoxide dismutase test kit,respectively.The apoptosis and expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,the mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly reduced,as well as apoptotic rate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in the H2O2 group(P<0.05).After treatment with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,the membrane potential and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly increased,and apoptotic rate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced compared with the H2O2 group(P<0.05).(2)The expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly increased,but the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in the H2O2 group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,the levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly decreased,but the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the expression of mitochondrial splitting proteins Fis1 and p-Drp1 was significantly increased,but the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins OPA1,Mfn1,and Mfn2 was decreased in the H2O2 group(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,Fis1 and p-Drp1 expression was significantly reduced,but the expression levels of OPA1,Mfn1,and Mfn2 were significantly increased in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group(P<0.05).(4)The above results confirm that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can attenuate H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction.