Objective To improve the ventilation mode for respiratory failure based on the self-made respirator. Methods For the conscious COPD patients with type II respiratory failure, nasal mask and NEEP ventilation mode were used. Patients breathe in air through the mouth and breathe out through the noses. There is no need of manual control tube to control the negative pressure in the nasal mask. For the non-typical type I respiratory failure, exhaled gas comes out from the one-way channel in the front of the mask, while oxygen for the next breathes is brought into the ball through the tube under it. Results The COPD patients breathe more freely and smoothly without disturb of the manual control tube. On the non-typical type I respiratory failure, FiO2 is much higher and without breath in CO2. Conclusion The new ventilation mode can provide a great range of FiO2 and get ride of redundant CO2. It's beneficial to the recovery of patients.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the genetic data of 30 insertion and deletion polymorphisms (InDel) loci included in an InvestigatorR DIPplex diagnostic kit, and to evaluate the forensic application in ethnic Tibetan population from China.

METHODSBy detecting 226 unrelated individuals with the Investigator(R) DIPplex kit, allelic frequencies and population genetics parameters of the 30 InDels were statistically analyzed and compared with available data derived from other populations from various regions.

RESULTSAfter the Bonferroni correction at a 95% significance level (P=0.0017), no significant departures from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed except for the HLD114 locus. Linkage disequilibrium test showed no significant allelic association between all 30 loci after the Bonferroni's correction. The average heterozygosity (Ho) of all loci was 0.4125, the mean discrimination power (DP) was 0.5618, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.3280, and the combined discrimination power (TDP) was 0.999999999990. The combined power of exclusion of all loci was 0.987 849 91 in trio cases and 0.94977125 in duo cases. Genetic distance between Tibetan and Han from Beijing was minimum (0.0068) in the 5 populations, while genetic distance between Tibetan and Uygur was maximal (0.0215).

CONCLUSIONMultiplex detection has revealed that these 30 InDel loci have a moderate distribution of genetic polymorphism among ethnic Tibetan group residing in Tibet, China.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; INDEL Mutation ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tibet ; ethnology ; Young Adult

Cell culture is one of the usual methods for studying living cell and tissue, the method presented in this paper is based on image processing and analyzing technology for activity estimation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The existing activity estimation methods are costly, complex and invasive. In this method, thresholding is used to preprocess image and to separate out the growth hallow. Then the area is calculated by counting the pixels of the growth hallow. The changes of the activity estimated by this method are similar to those by corresponding cellular experiments. Compared with the existing methods in biology, medicine or medical cellular science, this method is easier, faster, cost-effective and non-invasive. The proposed method has been proved to be efficient by primary experiments of MSCs.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Femur ; cytology ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective:To explore the association of molecular subtypes with local recurrence, distant metastasis and prognosis in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy after modified radical mastectomy as well as its significance.Methods:The clinical data of 108 patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant therapy after modified radical operation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from March 2002 to March 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), patients with breast cancer were divided into 4 molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-positive and triple-negative. The relationship between clinicopathological factors and molecular subtypes was analyzed, and the local recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate of breast cancer patients with various molecular subtypes were compared. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to make single factor analysis of survival. Cox proportional hazard model was used to make multi-factor survival analysis.Results:Among 108 patients, 41 cases were Luminal A, 40 cases were Luminal B, 17 cases were HER2-positive and 10 cases were triple-negative. The differences in compositions of patients with age, tumor size, pathological type, lymph node metastasis, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging, vascular tumor thrombus, resection margin, and chemotherapy cycle number among groups with 4 molecular subtypes were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05), while the difference in compositions of patients receiving endocrine therapy was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). The local recurrence rate of patients with Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 positive and triple-negative was 14.6% (6/41),15.0% (6/40), 11.8% (2/17), 10.0% (1/10), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). The distant metastasis rate of patients with HER2-positive and triple-negative was 35.3% (6/17) and 40% (4/10), respectively, which was higher than that of patients with Luminal A [24.4% (10/41)] and Luminal B [22.5% (9/40)], but there was no statistically significant difference among the four types ( P > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed there was no statistical difference in progression-free survival of patients with Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-positive and triple-negative ( P > 0.05), while there was a statistical difference in the overall survival (OS) ( P = 0.047), and the OS of triple-negative patients was the worst, meanwhile AJCC staging, lymph node metastasis and endocrine therapy were associated with the OS (all P < 0.05). Multi-factor Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that lymph node metastasis ( OR = 4.481, 95% CI 1.377-14.580, P = 0.013) and endocrine therapy ( OR = 0.165, 95% CI 0.034-0.800, P = 0.025) were independent prognostic factors affecting OS. Conclusions:There is no statistically significant difference in local recurrence rate for breast cancer patients with different molecular types undergoing adjuvant therapy after modified radical mastectomy. Breast cancer patients with Luminal have better OS, while those with triple-negative have the worst OS. Molecular subtypes may have an important significance for the treatment choice and prognosis judgement of breast cancer.