OBJECTIVETo investigate the development regularity, treatment methods and prognosis of ovary immature teratoma (POIT).

METHODSSixty-seven patients with POIT, admitted from 1958 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 31 patients with stage I, 4 with stage II, 2 with stage III and 1 with stage IV lesions. Twenty-seven patients had recurrences and 2 had distant metastases. Unilateral adnexectomy was performed for stage I lesions. From the 1980s, this was followed by four-cycles of combination chemotherapy (VAC, PVB or BEP x 3 cycles) as post-operative adjuvant therapy. Combined chemotherapy and multiple operations were performed for advanced and recurrent lesions.

RESULTSThe overall survival rate was 75% (50/67). However, there was a remarkable difference in the results from the various periods. From 1958 to 1983, the 5-year survival rate was 40% (6/15), and it was raised to 79% (26/33) from 1984 to 1993. In the period 1994 to 1998, 95% (18/19)of patients were rescued. Thirty-five patients who had early lesions (stage I and II) had a 5-year survival rate of 91.4% (32/35). Thirty-two patients with recurrent or advanced lesions had a 5-years survival rate of 56% (18/32). There were 8 patients with grade III tumors and their 5-year survival rate was only 25% (2/8). The chief prognostic factors for this disease are clinical stage, pathological grade and adequate treatment.

CONCLUSIONPOIT is a potentially curable disease in today's practice. It is characterized by the fact that recurrent tumors may be converted back to mature ones as time goes on. With chemotherapy, these is a good opportunity to rescue those patients with recurrent tumors. At present, treatment of POIT gives the most satisfactory results among all malignant ovarian germ cell tumor types. Tests of serum specific tumor markers (CA19-9, AFP, CA125, CEA) performed preoperatively or before chemotherapy and during follow-up have been found helpful in the evaluation of prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Teratoma ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery

Tyrosine phosphorylation is one of the important protein phosphorylations in eukaryotes responsible for a variety of biological processes including cell signaling transduction, cell migration, and apoptosis. In the study of phosphoproteomics, due to the low stoichiometry of tyrosine phosphorylation (pTyr) proteins and sometimes limited initial sample, traditional phosphoproteomics enrichment technology is inefficient for the enrichment of pTyr peptides. Here, we review the substantial progress in tyrosine phosphoproteomics by preparation of limited amount sample and the newly introduced SH2 superbinder.
Cell Movement ; Peptides ; Phosphorylation ; Technology ; Tyrosine/metabolism*

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global metabolic disease with potentially life- threatening complications. Liver metabolism plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus. It has been reported that the Chinese medicinal Anemarrhenae rhizoma (AR) can relieve insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. However, the effect on abnormal liver metabolism in diabetes mellitus is still unclear. Therefore, we extracted liver proteins of T2DM rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ), T2DM rats treated with AR extract (ARE), obesity rats (fed with HFD), and normal control rats (fed with normal diet). Then, through tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling combined with mass spectrometry (MS), we obtained the quantitative proteomic data. Bioinformatics software was used for hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis of the data in each group. The volcano map for differentially expressed proteins (P < 0.05, fold change > 1.5) was plotted. It was found that the treatment group was closer to the normal control group, indicating that the quantitative proteomic data of liver tissue can reflect the therapeutic effect of ARE on T2DM rats. Key protein clusters closely related to the treatment of ARE were screened out. The Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of the protein clusters were analyzed by David, and the result showed that AR's alleviation of abnormal fatty acid metabolism in livers of T2DM rats may be related to the regulation of the expression of key proteins Ndufa6 and Prkar2b.
Rats ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism* ; Proteomics/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Anemarrhena ; Liver/metabolism*