OBJECTIVE:To provide the information of drug-use in SARS for reference.METHODS:123medical charts of inpatients from April20,2003to May31,2003were analyzed,including the kinds and the cost of drugs that have been used.The frequency of drug-use and DUI were calculated from DDD of drugs.The kinds and costs of drugs used for930employees were also analyzed.The drug cost per employee was compared with that per inpatient.RESULTS:4kinds of drugs were abused.The dosage and usage of the other drugs were appropriate.17kinds of main drugs and2kinds of decoctions prepared by our hospital have been used to inpatients,which costed559440yuans in all,4548.29yuans per inpatient.While14kinds of drugs and one kind of decoction against SARS were used to employees,which costed about500000yuans in all,537.6yuans per employee.CONCLUSION:SARS is still an unknown disease.Although most of the dosage and usage of drugs were appropriate in prevention and treatment of SARS,whether the drugs should be used or not is open to question.

Objective To summarize the enperience of medical rescue and rdlief work in flood disaster at over seas. Method From August,26 to September14, 2010, China's international medical rescue team urgently ordered by the Chinese gevernment for the first time went to join the Pakistan flood disaster medical relief mission to carry out international humanitarianism rescue work. Aiming directly at infectious diseases prevention and treatment after flood disaster, organized medical rescue team from the hospital; consummated medical rescue plan; equipped with medical materials; established medical profession safety regulation. Results Through 18 days hard working,China's international medical rescue team received 11 243 persons, and treated 11020 patients. Conclusions China is one of the first countries to join the Pakistan flood disaster medical relief mission.

Objective To summarize the experience in nursing locally preserved skin of female patients for neurosurgical cranioctomy. Method The nursing key points were given to 66 female patients undergoing local preparation of skin for cranioctomy as follous preoperative preparation, observation over incision and head nursing. Results The time for skin preparation ranged between 3 to 6 minutes. Postoperatively, no drain tube was placed. No intracranial infections occurred. The incisions in all patients were healed at the first class. Conclusion The nursing measures of good preoperative preparation, close observation of incisions and care to the head for female patients undergoing local preparation of skin for cranioctomy can enhance their satisfaction and propel development of standardized nursing.

Objective To study the relationship of the plasma levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),adrenomedullin(ADM),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)with severity of heart falure, the left ventricular ejection fraction and the relationship among them in the elderly patients with congestive heart failure(CHF). Methods The blood samples were obtained from 50 patients with congestive heart failure and 24 healthy controls.The plasma level of hs-CRP was measured by immunoturbidometry.The plasma levels of ADM and BNP were determined by radioimmunoassay.The plasma levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured with ELISA.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was measured by echocardiography. Results The plasma levels of hs-CRP, ADM ,BNP and MMP-2,MMP-9 had significantly negative correlation to LVEF(P

Objective To establish a TaqMan probe-based real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR ( real-time PCR) for the quantitative and rapid detection of viral reservoir in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from rhesus monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and to evaluate its preliminary application. Methods A pair of primers and one TaqMan probe were designed ac-cording to the conserved sequence of SIVmac239 strain for real-time PCR amplification. A length of 2 090 bp of nucleotide fragment was digested from the plasmid p239SpSp5 containing 5′-end long segments of SIV-mac239 strain by restriction enzymes EcoRⅠand SpeⅠ. The standards used for quantitative detection of SIV DNA in peripheral blood samples were prepared by a 10-fold serial dilution and used for graphing the stand-ard curve. The numbers of SIV DNA ( copies per 106 PBMCs) in rhesus monkeys during acute and chronic phases of SIVmac239 infection were determined and the virological characteristics of SIV DNA at different phages of infection were analyzed. Results A linear positive correlation between cycle threshold ( Ct) val-ues and concentrations (10 copies/μl to 109 copies/μl) of the standards was found. High levels of SIV DNA were monitored in SIV-infected monkeys 14 to 22 days after acute infection. The levels of SIV DNA in the acute phase of infection were about 1 to 2 logs higher than those in the chronic phase of infection. The num-bers of SIV DNA ( copies per 106 PBMCs) were 1 log lower than the SIV viral load in peripheral blood of the same monkey. The ratios of SIV DNA load to SIV RNA load ( DNA/RNA) in chronic phase of infection were higher than those in the acute phase. Conclusion The established TaqMan probe-based real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was a highly sensitive and specific assay for the detection of SIV DNA with an advantage of wide linear range. It could be used for the quantitative evaluation of latent reservoirs of SIV.

To obtain the P8 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) with biological activity, its outer coat protein gene S8 was expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. The S8 gene was subcloned into the pFastBacTM1 vector, to produce the recombinant baculovirus transfer vector pFB-S8. After transformation, pFB-S8 was introduced into the competent cells (E. coli DH10Bac) containing a shuttle vector, Bacmid, generating the recombinant bacmid rbpFB-S8. After being infected by recombinant baculovirus rvpFB-S8 at different multiplicities of infection, Sf9 cells were collected at different times and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. The expression level of the P8 protein was highest between 48-72 h after transfection of Sf9 cells. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that P8 protein of RGDV formed punctate structures in the cytoplasm of Sf9 cells.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of health related quality of life(HR-QOL) in Chinese patients with early Parkinson' s disease(PD), to identify the motor and non-motor factors that are associated with a poorer quality of life in patients with early PD. Methods All 391 patients with early PD were identified in a clinical-based study. Motor functions were measured by Unified Parkinson' s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yabr Scale. Non-motor variables were assessed by Center of Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale (CES-D) for depressive symptoms, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep disturbance, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) for fatigue, Alzheimer' s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Sections (ADAS-Cng) for cognitive function, and Constipation Severity Scale for constipation. HR-QOL was measured by SF-36. Motor and non-motor variables were collected at the baseline assessment of a clinical trial and determined during a structured interview and by clinical examination by movement disorder specialists. The results were compared with those in healthy elderly people. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine which variables were strongly associated with lower levels of quality of life. Results Patients with early PD had a lower score on all dimensions of SF-36, except bodily pain dimension. Motor factors, particular physical disability and disease severity, contributed to decreased HR-QOL, but to a lesser extent. The motor score of the UPDRS (23. 8±11.8), Hoehn-Yahr stage(2. 0± 0.7), together with the rigidity score (4.4 ± 3.1), only accounted for 18.9 % (R2=0. 189) of the variance of SF-36 total score. The variables that most strongly predicted a low total SF-36 score were non-motor factors, particularly depressive symptoms, sleep disorders and fatigue. When the CES-D, FSS, and PSQI score were included in the model, the R2 increased from 0. 189 to 0.617, indicating that 61.7% of the variance in HR-QOL could be explained if additional CES-D, FSS and PSQI scores were known. Depressive symptoms, as measured by CES-D, had an overwhelming impact on HR-QOL. When CES-D score was included, the R2 change was 0.433, which indicated that additional 43.3% of the variability in HR-QOL could be explained by adding depressive symptoms. Conclusions PD has a substantial impact on HR-QOL, even if in its early stage. Depressive symptoms, sleep disorders and fatigue correlated strongly with lower quality of life. Depressive symptoms appeared to be the strongest determinant of HR-QOL in early PD patients. Every effort should be made to recognize and treat these conditions, thus improving all aspects of PD and giving these patients as good a quality of life as possible.

Objective To investigate the prevalence,characteristics and risk factors of fatigue in a large cohort of subjects with early Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods A total of 391 individuals with PD,recruited in Linzhi trial,were re-screened.Early,non-depressed subjects [Center for epidcmiological survey depression scale (CES-D)＜16]underwent further fatigue assessment.Subjects who scored＞4 on fatigue severity scale (FSS) were classified as fatigue.Motor symptoms and PD severity were assessed using the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr scale.Other clinical measures,including sleep disorder by Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQ-Ⅰ),mental function by Alzheimer's Disease assessment scale-cognitive sections (ADAS-Cog) and quality of life by medical outcomes study short form 36 (SF- 36) were also evaluated.Results Among 204 subjects who completed fatigue measures,82 (40.2％) were classified as fatigue.The fatigue group had significantly more neurological impairment by higher scores on each subsets of UPDRS including mentation (P＜0.05),activities of daily living (P＜0.01) and motor (P＜0.01),while the subjects with fatigue had worse scores on SF-36 (P＜0.01).Multiple regression analyses showed that motor subset of UPDRS was the variable that had the predictive value for FSS score.The full model explained 6.4％ of the variance of the FSSscore (β=0.039,95％CI:0.019-0.059).However,other factors,including levodopa dosage,PSQ-Ⅰ,and ADAS-Cog score did not significantly contribute to the model.Conclusions Fatigue is a frequent symptom in carly,non-depressed patients with PD,affecting over 40％ of the patients in this cohort.The small correlation between fatigue and motor score,and the lack of association with dosage of dopaminergic treatment suggest that dopaminergic pathways might be only moderately involved in pathogenesis of fatigue.

Objective To study the effect and postoperative reaction of nasal endoscopic low temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation on children with snoring. Methods 104 cases with snoring received surgical treatment from May 2013 to May 2015 were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group patients re-ceived nasal endoscopic low temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation, the control group received adenoidectomy curettage combined with tonsillectomy. Then the surgery condition, postoperative pain, stress response and ventila-tion function were compared between the two groups. Results Operation indicator: the experimental group operation time, postoperative pain time, symptoms remission time, intraoperative blood loss were significantly lower than the control group ( < 0.05); Pain degree: 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h after surgery, the experimental group VAS score were significantly lower than that in control group ( < 0.05); Stress reaction: 24 h after surgery, the experimental group patients serum MDA, 8-isoPG, 3-NT content were significantly lower than that in control group, SOD, GSH content were significantly higher than that in control group ( < 0.05); Ventilation function: 6 months after surgery, the ex-perimental group AHI, ODI, SLT90%, LAT were significantly lower than that in control group, LSaO2 were signifi-cantly higher than that in control group ( <0.05). Conclusion Nasal endoscopic low temperature plasma radiofre-quency ablation can reduce surgical trauma and relieve postoperative pain and stress reaction, improve ventilation function, it's an ideal operative method for the treatment of children with snoring.

Objective To study the curative effect and the prognostic factors of endoscopic traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). Methods The clinical data of 53 patients with TON from 2010 to 2015 years was retrospectively analyzed. Divided the patients into the surgery group and the non-surgery group, according to whether or not accept the treatment of endoscopic optic decompression. And evaluating the potential prognostic factors in chi-square test, group t-test and multiple regression analysis. Results In 53 patients (55 eyes ), 31 eyes have no visual acuity before treated: 8 eyes’ visual acuity was improved in 16 eyes (8/16) that accepted operation; 3 eyes’ visual acuity was improved in 15 eyes (3/15) that with non-operation;24 eyes have visual acuity before treated:11 eyes’ visual acuity was improved in 14 eyes (11/14) that accepted operation;3 eyes’ visual acuity was improved in 10 eyes (3/10) that with non-operation;19 eyes’ visual acuity was improved in 30 eyes (19/30) that accepted operation, the total effective rate was 63.3%, and there was no complications happened in the patients who accepted operation. The age, eye-side, sex, visual acuity, optic canal fracture , orbit fracture , all these factors have no correlation to the prognosis (P>0.05), but the interval time between injury and operation (less than 3 days) and the way of the treatment are benefit to improve vision (P<0.05). Conclusions The endoscopic optic decompression is an effective treatment in TON, and it’s better to improve vision in 3-day after TON.