Objective:To analyze the application effect of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) assessment mode in the training of neurosurgery specialist nurses.Methods:Using convenience sampling method, 21 trainees who were trained in neurosurgery specialist nurse training base of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School in 2018 were selected as the control group, and the conventional training methods of theory and clinical practice were adopted; the 22 trainees in 2019 were selected as the experimental group, and the OSCE training and assessment mode was adopted. After the training, the core competence, satisfaction, learning and growth of the trainees were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the score of the core competence before the training between the two groups( P>0.05). After the training, the scores of professional skills, critical and difficult medical record management and professional quality were (4.55 ± 0.51), (4.14 ± 0.77), (4.36 ± 0.66) points in the experimental group and (3.90 ± 0.62), (3.62 ± 0.80), (3.76 ± 0.83) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.69, 2.15, 2.64, all P<0.05). The total score of satisfaction was (66.82 ± 2.26) points in the experimental group and (62.05 ± 2.29) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t=6. 87, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the learning and growth of the trainees before and after the training between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Using OSCE assessment mode to carry out neurosurgery specialist nurse training is helpful to improve students′ professional skills, critical and difficult medical record management, professional quality, and improve students′ satisfaction with the training.