Objective To explore the characteristics of type 1 diabetic mice models induced by multiple low dcee streptozotoein(MLD-STZ).Methods Type 1 diabetic mice models was induced with intraperitoneally injection of STZ(40mg/kg body weight,daily)for 5 consecutive days and detected fasting blood glucose,urine glucose and histological ehange of panereata.Results The incidence of type 1 diabetes mdlitus was 65%;compared with normal control group,blood glucose and urine glucose levels increased significantly and histological analysis of pancreata showed marked insulitis in diabetic model group,and the hyperglycemia maintained from the fourth to the eighth week after the firml STZ injection.Conelnsion Type 1 diabetie mice models could be made successfully by MLDSTZ,and the hyperglycemia could maintain for a rather long time.

Objective:To study the relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal problems as well as loneliness of college students.Methods:638 college students were tested with Perfectionism Self-Presentation Scale(PSPS),Inventory of Interpersonal Problems(IIP-32)and UCLA Loneliness Scale(UCLA).Results:There was significant correlation between three kinds of perfectionism and interpersonal problems as well as loneliness.And the three kinds of perfectionism could well predict interpersonal problems(Need to appear perfect:?=-0.089;need to avoid appearing imperfect:?=0.268;need to avoid disclosing imperfections:?=0.287).Need to appear perfect and interpersonal problems could predict loneliness(?=-0.114,?=0.605).Furthermore,need to appear perfect,need to avoid appearing imperfect and need to avoid disclosing imperfections could influence loneliness via interpersonal problems.Conclusion:The need to appear perfect could be beneficial to relieve interpersonal problems and loneliness.While the need to avoid appearing imperfect and the need to avoid disclosing imperfections could increase interpersonal problems and loneliness.Interpersonal problems could serve as moderator between perfectionism and loneliness.

[Summary] When accompanied with pulmonary disease ,the lung functions of diabetic patients usually represent decreases of diffusing capacity ,ventilation function ,bronchomotor tone and respiratory muscles. The mechanisms of lung damage may include non‐enzymatic glycosylation of proteins ,oxidative stress ,IR ,local defensive ability change ,and autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for lung function damage ,and lung function damage is an independently predictive factor of diabetes mellitus. The change of lung function in diabetic patients is associated with age ,duration ,blood glucose level and complications.

Cushing's disease defined as hypercortisolism caused by an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma.Transsphenoidal surgery is currently the primary therapeutic option for Cushing's disease.The surgery aim is to resect adenoma totally,correct high cortisol status,conserve pituitary function at same time.This review is just about the recent studies about diagnosis and replacement therapy during pri-operation period of Cushing's disease.

Gabor-ring is often used in texture feature extraction,but it is based on the assumption that texture is narrowband signal and can not applied to most actual textured images that have more than one center frequency in power spectrum.To overcome the limitation of existing method,an improved method is proposed.According to this method,Gabor filters are constructed in accordance with the spectrum feature vector of texture,and a relaxation parameter is used to determine the effect of difference filters so as to integrate the frequencies and phases into the process of extraction.Experimental results of 114 two-dimensional echocardiography images show that the improved algorithm is feasible.

Patients with diabetes are prone to combine postprandial hypotension, the reason may be related to diabetic autonomic nerve lesions, but the mechanism is not clear. However, literature published so far is limited on this issue. This paper will combine the past research results, discuss the correlation, and make a review of treatment, aimed at emphasizing its importance and proper management.

Objective To investigate ?-cell early insulin secretion function and insulin resistance in different durations and grades patients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and six middle and old age(58.4?8.5) years hypertension patients were enrolled.According to hypertension durations,patients were categorized as ≤1 year group(n=35),1.1-4.9 years group(n=34),≥5 years group(n=37);while based on grades of hypertension,patients were divided as 1st grade(140-159/90-99 mmHg,n=53),2nd grade(160-179/100-109 mmHg,n=30),3rd grade(≥180/≥110 mmHg,n=23).Plasm glucose,HOMA-IR,?I30/?G30 were determined and compared among groups.Results Patients with longer duration(≥5 years) had most seriously impairment of ?-cell early secretion(?I30/?G30)[≥5 years(2.1?4.5) vs 1.1-4.9 years(10.9?4.2),vs ≤1 year(10.3?4.2),all P

ObjectiveTo compare the levels and locations of metalloprotionase-2（MMP-2），collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅵ in keratoconus and normal human corneas．MethodsAn immunoperoxidase and indirect immunofluorescent technique were used to visualize the presence of collagen types Ⅰ， Ⅵ and MMP-2．The immunohistochemical staining was further analyzed and the intensity of reaction products was measured with an Image-processing system．ResultsCollagen type Ⅰ was demonstrated immunohistochemicall and indirect immunofluorescent technique in the bowman and stroma layers；collagen type Ⅵ was in epithelium basement，bowman，stroma and descement layers；MMP-2 was in epithelium，stroma and endothelium of all corneal sections．Compared with normal control specimens，the staining intensity of collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅵ was similar，while MMP-2 was markly increased．ConclusionsKeratoconus contained an increased level of MMP-2 and similar of collagen levels．These results lead further support to the hypothesis that degradation processes may be aberrant in keratoconus．

This study demonstrated with the immunocytochemical ABC method that thedistribution pattern of TH,5-TH,SP,L-ENK and OXY immunoreactive fiberswere alike in the intermediate zone of the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord.These fibers located in the lateral funiculus,lateral horn,intermediate gray and thearea surrounding the central canal,forming a transversal fiber band with most ofthe fibers in the lateral horn.In the lateral horn,TH,5-HT,SP and L-ENKimmunoreactive fibers and terminals aggregated in fiber clusters and numerous fib-ers made up a longitudinal bundle running through the fiber clusters.These immuno-reative fibers and terminals surrounding the central canal and distributed mainly dorsalto it.TH and 5-HT fibers accumulated in midplane where some fibers ran in alongitudinal fiber bundle and bilateral fibers and terminals distributed sparsely.SP and L-ENK fibers and terminals were relatively less in the midplane whiledense laterally.All kinds of the immunoreactive fibers were found close to theependyma.Two small 5-HT fiber bundles ran parallel and lateral to the centralcanal and a small SP fiber bundle ventral to it.Moderate immunoreactive fiberswere found periodically in the intermediate gray and formed distinct bands to linkfiber clusters in the lateral horn and fibers dorsal to the central canal.The imm- unoreactive fibers in lateral funiculus accumulated near the lateral horn and mostdensely in upper thoracic cord.OXY-containing fibers were much less than theothers,thus obvious fiber clusters,longitudinal bundle or transversal bands had notbeen found.In general,the distribution pattern of some monoaminergic and pepti-dergic fibers in the intermediate zone was provided with a laddershaped configura-tion.The two longitudinal immunoreactive fiber bundles——dorsal to the centralcanal and within the lateral horn,located medial and lateral in the spinal grayrespectively,and the transversal bands appeared periodically in the intermediate graybridging between the two longitudinal bundles.This configuration of immunorea-ctive fibers coincided with nuclear regions which contained preganglionic sympatheticneurons as well as their dendrites.

Objective To explore the relationship between the sleep quality and diabetic autonomic neuropathy of elder patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 90 elder patients with diabetes in Beijing Hospital was enrolled in this study.Questionnaires of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were completed to evaluate the quality of sleep and Holter was applied to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV).Other related clinical data such as,catecholamine [epinephrine (E);norepinephrine (NE);dopamine (DA)] and diabetes complications were also collected after admission to the hospital.Patients were divided into three groups:the poor-sleeper group,the common-sleeper group and the goodsleeper group according to PSQI score.HRV and the level of catecholamine were compared among three groups.Results The level of HRV including meanNN [(743 ±58) ms vs(824 ±99)ms and (837 ± 104) ms],ASDNN [(30 ± 10) ms vs (39 ± 14) ms and (41 ± 14) ms],very low frequency(VLF) [(15.33 ± 6.10) ms2 vs (22.11 ± 7.94) ms2 and (22.66 ± 7.87) ms2],low frequency (LF) [(8.30 ± 3.95) ms2 vs (12.58±6.11)ms2 and(12.81 ±6.96)ms2] and LF/high frequency(HF) [(1.23 ±0.32) vs (1.56 ± 0.46) and (1.47 ± 0.42)] in the poor-sleeper group were lower than in both the common-sleeper group and good-sleeper group (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of catecholamine in poor-sleeper group [E:(108.91 ± 4.19) ng/L;NE:(1458.0 ± 50.35) ng/L] were lower than both the common-sleeper group [E:(120.23 ± 4.37) ng/L;NE:(1901.09 ± 131.36)ng/L] and the good-sleeper group [E:(118.23 ± 19.9) ng/L;NE:(1771.87 ± 116.73) ng/L] (all P ＜ O.05),suggesting a dysfunction in autonomic nervous system in subject in the poor-sleeper group.Conclusion Sleep quality is associated with the severity of diabetic autonomic neuropathy and might be one of clinical features for diabetic autonomic neuropathy.