Objective To learn healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy of residents living in Xicheng District of Beijing between 2008 and 2012 and to explore the influencing factors of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy.Methods A total of 1 347 or 2 900 adults aged 18-60 years old were recurited from Xicheng District by using multistage stratified cluster sampling method in 2008 and 2012,respectively.Chisquare test and non-conditional logistic regression were used to analyze the effectiveness of 2-year intervention on healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy.Results The rate of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy was 14.8％ vs.30.8％ in 2008 or 2012,respectively (x2=123.574,P＜0.05).For those with relatively lower education level (e.g.junior high school or below),the figure showed no statistically significant difference (x2=1.378,P＞0.05).In multivariate logistic regression analysis,female (odds ratio (OR)=1.350),education level (college/bachelor degree:OR=2.035,master degree or above:OR=2.554),monthly family income (＞5 000 RMB:OR=1.399) and investigation time (2012:OR=2.278) were influencing factors of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy.Conclusion Remarkable improvement in healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy during 2012 as compared to 2008 could be attributed to the comprehensive interventions.In the future,those of low-literacy or low-income should be the mian target of modification of healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the duration of gingival healing after the stage II surgery of dental implantation for periodontitis patients and to provide clinical guidelines for implant restoration.

METHODSTwenty-nine periodontitis patients who had implantation surgery and achieved osseointegration were operated with stage II surgery (a total of 60 pieces of implants). The height of buccal gingival of each implant was measured twice after the stage II surgery. All implants were measured at the lowest point ofbuccal gingival after one week. The implants were randomly divided into four groups according to the schedule of the next test time: group one at one week from the initial test point, group two at two weeks, group three at three weeks, and group four at four weeks. Each group includes 15 pieces of implants. The amount of the buccal gingival change in each group between the second and first tests was determined, and the data were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSThe amount of gingival change of groups one, two, three, and four was (-0.25 +/- 0.66), (-0.04 +/- 0.52), (-0.70 +/- 0.77), and (-0.74 +/- 1.09) mm, respectively. No significant difference was observed between groups one and two in terms of the amount of gingival changes (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found between groups two and three (P < 0.05), and the amount of gingival recession was 0.66 mm. No significant difference was found between groups three and four (P > 0.05), and the gingival achieved stability.

CONCLUSIONThe gingival recession achieves stability at the fourth week (after 28 d) after stage II surgery. At this time, the implant can be restored, and the abutment can be selected according to the amount of gingival change of the periodontitis patient.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Gingiva ; Gingival Recession ; Humans ; Osseointegration ; Periodontitis

Objective To study the effect of listening to music with headphone or background music on pain reduction of patients undergoing colonoscopy. Methods 180 patients undergoing colonoscopy were randondy selected as the headphone group,background music group and the control group.The headphone group listened to relaxed music with headphone after measurement of vital signs.The background music group listened to relaxed music played by CD after measurement of vital signs.The control group did not listen to music.Pain degree was measured by pain intensity number scale during colonoscopy.Heart rate,blood pressure,saturation of blood oxygen and appraisal to the music by the former two groups were observed.Results Pain degree of the headphone group and the background music group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Pain degree of the headphone group was lower than that of the background music group with no significant difference(P＞0.05).Heart rate of the control group after colonoscopy was faster than before colonoscopy(P＜0.05).Conclusions Relaxed music can alleviate pain of patients undergoing colonoscopy.Listening to background music is a convenient and economical method for alleviation of pain without any side effects for patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Objective To investigate the situation of iodized salt practicing measures, the nutritional status of iodine and the trend of iodine deficiency disorders in Futian District of Shenzhen City, and to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures. Methods Every year from 2011 to 2015 in Futian District, five sub-districts were selected according to their position of the east, the west, the south, the north and the center, one school was selected in each sub-district, then sixty students were selected from each school to detect iodine content of their household salt samples;over twenty children (half males and half females) aged 8-10 of those sixty students were selected randomly to measure their thyroid volumes and detect their urinary iodine content;one or two drinking water samples were collected in each sub-district to test iodine content. Thyroid volume was examined by ultrasound method; the salt iodine was tested by the method of direct titration; iodine content in urine and drinking water samples was tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. Results Between 2011 and 2015, totally one thousand four hundred and eighty-eight edible salt samples were tested. The iodized salt coverage rate, the qualification rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 96.1%(1 430/1 488), 99.2%(1 419/1 430), and 95.4%(1 419/1 488), respectively . Four hundred and sixty-one children aged 8-10 were examined;nine children were diagnosed goiter, and the goiter rate was 1.95%. A total of 661 children urine samples were collected. The median urinary iodine was 229.5 μg/L; urinary iodine in 100 - 199 μg/L accounted for 29.8%(197/661), and in 200 - 299 μg/L accounted for 31.0%(205/661). Forty-eight drinking water samples were tested, the iodine content of the drinking water was 10.3 - 22.1 μg/L, and the median water iodine was 16.8 μg/L. Conclusions The iodine deficiency disorders surveillance indicators in Futian District of Shenzhen City all meet the national standards for elimination of the disease. Yet, the level of iodine nutrition needs to be further observed, and both the iodized salt market supervision and the health education should be strengthened.

Objective To develop a dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method for rapid detection of enterovirus(EV)and en terovirus type 71(EV71).Methods Specific primers and probes were designed and the dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR reaction system was established.The quantitative standard curve was drawn;its sensitivity and precision were evaluated.Feces and throat swab specimens of 109 clinical patients with hand foot and mouth disease were collected and tested by using this method.Then the obtained results were compared with those detected by commercial EV71 PCR kit.Results The relative coefficient(2)of EV and EV71 standard curve established by the dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method were both 0.998.Its sensitivity reached 0.5 TCID50/mL for detecting EV and 0.05 TCID50/mL for detecting EV71.The within-run precision for detecting EV and EV71 was ＜3％ and total precision≤4％.The results showed good specificity for the detection of enterovirus and non-enterovirus.In 109 detected clinical samples,84 cases of EV positive samples were detected,in which 56 cases were EV71 positive with the total positive rate of 51.4 ％,which was consistent with the result of simple fluorescent RT-PCR commercialization kit(P=1.000).Conclusion The established dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method has high sensitivity and good stability,which has an important significance for early high throughput rapid diagnosis of hand foot and mouth disease.

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; analysis ; Workplace

BACKGROUND: Isoflavone isolated from Trifolium pratense L. has been found to be able to effectively inhibit bone resorption, reduce bone turnover rate, improve osteocyte activity and bone mineral density by enhancing the effect of estrogen, which is helpful for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Trifolium pratense L. extracts on the bone resorption and differentiation of osteoclasts.METHODS: Rat bone marrow cells were extracted, isolated by lymphocyte separation and cultured for 5 hours; then, the non-adherent cells were selected followed by induced by 30 μg/L macrophage colony stimulating factor and 75 μg/L RANKL (control groups), or different concentrations of Trifolium pratense L. extracts (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 g/L) to observe their effect on the osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The levels of osteoclast differentiation-associated proteins c-fos and NFATcl were determined by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, different concentrations of Trifolium pratense L. extracts could suppress osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption to different degrees. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining showed that Trifolium pratense L. extracts could significantly reduce the number of osteoclasts. Western blot assay results suggest that Trifolium pratense L. extracts significantly inhibited the expression levels of c-fos and NFATcl. These results reveal that Trifolium pratense L. extracts can inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of differentiating lymph node metastases of four types of primary tumors (lymphoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma) using gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) . Methods Three cases with lymphoma (28 lymph node), five cases with lung adenocarcinoma(30 lymph node), four cases with lung squamous cell carcinoma(24 lymph node) and two cases with cholangiocarcinoma( 10 lymph node) were evaluated by germstona spectra imaging CT scans. Imaging protocol included unenhanced conventional CT scan (120 kVp) ,enhanced GSI (80/140 kVp) on arterial phase and conventional CT scan (120 kVp) on portal phase. CT attenuation values of lymph nodes in the monochromatic images at 11 sets of keV levels (40-140 keV, 10 keV step) and the iodine and water contents of these lymph nodes were measured. All results were analyzed with ANOVA and t test. Results The optimal monochromatic level was 70 keV for the optimal contrast-noise ratio (CNR) of metastatic lymphadenopathy. The CT attenuation values of metastatic lymphadenopathy were (81.36 ±9. 81 ), (58.33 ± 21.55 ), (56. 47 ± 10.62) and (73. 57 ±4. 43 ) HU,respectively, at 70 keV( F = 17.29, P ＜0. 01 ). There were significant differences in CT attenuation values between lymphoma and lung adenocarcinoma, between lymphoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma and between lung squamous cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (P ＜ 0. 05 ). The differences in CT attenuation values were significant between cholangiocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma, between cholangiocarcinoma and lymphoma ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no difference in CT attenuation values at all 11 sets of keV levels between lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The iodine contents of lymphoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma were ( 1. 93 ± 0. 04 ), ( 1.16 ± 0. 15 ), ( 1.25 ± 0. 21 ) and ( 1.44 ± 0. 04 ) g/L, respectively. The water contents of lymphoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma were (1029.40 ± 20. 85), (1024.98 ± 11.19), (1022.12 ± 12. 94) and (1030.87 ± 10.10) g/L,respectively. Except between lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma, the differences in the iodine contents of metastatic lymphadenopathy were significant among tumors ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no difference in the water contents of metastatic lymphadenopathy among tumors ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Although CT spectral imaging fails to differentiate metastatic lymphadenopathy of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma, it is also a promising method of distinguishing metastatic lymphadenopathy of malignant tumors by CT attenuation values in monochromatic images and iodine contents in material density images. The optimal monochromatic level was determined to be at 70 keV for providing the optimal CNR of metastatic lymphadenopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal surgical approach for resecting infratemporal fossa-pterygomaxillary fossa-parapharyngeal space tumor. The aim of this study is to enhance therapeutic effect and reduce complications and sequelae. METHOD: Sixty-six patients with infratemporal fossa-pterygomaxillary fossa-parapharyngeal space tumor were analyzed retrospectively from 1998-2004, including complains, symptoms, physical signs; histodiagnosis, image examinations and surgical approaches. RESULT: No recurrence was found in fifty benign tumor cases after 2 to 5 years, while in 16 cases with malignant tumor, four patients died in one year, 8 cases died in 2 to 4 years, and only 4 patients' survival time exceeded 4 years. CONCLUSION Extended maxillectomy is suitable for resecting primary carcinoma of maxillary sinus invading pterygomaxillary fossa, infratemporal fossa and /or parapharyngeal space tumor. also midface degloving approach is suitable for nasal primary cavity, nasal sinuses, nasopharynx and/or pterygomaxillary fossa tumor and localized malignant tumor. Trans-cervical combining mandibular split swing approach is suitable for parapharyngeal space tumor invading pterygomaxillary fossa and/or infratemporal fossa tumor. Trans-cervical jaw combining mandibulotomy is suitable for resecting parapharyngeal space, infratemporal fossa tumor for invading lateral skull base and pterygomaxillary fossa tumor.
Adult ; Aged ; Craniotomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To investigate the effect of downregulated activating transcription factor 3 ( ATF3) expression on proliferation of adrenocortical carcinoma cells and its mechanisms. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of ATF3 in human adrenocortical tumor tissues and cells. Adrenocortical carcinoma cells, Sw-13, and NCI-H259R cells, were transfected with siATF3 using lipidosome 2000, and expression of ATF3 mRNA was determined using RT-PCR; expression of ATF3, cleaved caspase 3, caspase 3, cleaved PARP, and PARP proteins were detected using Western blotting; cell growth inhibition rate and apoptosis rate were monitored using MTT and AnnexinV-FITC/PI, respectively. Sw-13 and NCI-H259R cells were treated with NVP-BEZ235, Perifosine, BKM120, IWP-2, PP2, KN93, Everolimus respectively followed by detected expression of ATF3 mRNA by realtime PCR. The effect of ATF3 on cell proliferation after inhibition of related signaling pathways were detected by MTT. Results The ATF3 in human adrenocortical gland tumor tissues and cells showed high expression. The levels of ATF3 mRNA and protein in Sw-13 and NCI-F259R cells transfected with siATF3 were significantly reduced. Compared with the negative control group ( NC siRNA), siATF3 transfection significantly inhibited the proliferation of Sw-13 and NCI-F259R cells ( P＜0. 05 ), and increased the apoptosis rate ( P＜0.05). Western blotting shown that the levels of cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP protein in siATF3 transfected cells increased significantly; and realtime PCR results indicated that the expression of ATF3 mRNA was dramatically inhibited by PP2, KN93, and IWP-2 in NCI-F259R cells compared with control group ( DMSO ); but ATF3 significantly promoted the proliferation activity of NCI-F259R cells which treated by PP2, KN93, and IWP-2 signaling inhibitors. Conclusion High expression of ATF3 is existed in adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Downregulated ATF3 expression may inhibit cell proliferation and activate apoptosis pathway, resulting in apoptosis in Sw-13 and NCI-F259R cells, this mechanism of action is related to activating Wnt/β-catenin, CaMKI, and SRC pathway.