The present paper reviewed the recent researches on the toxicity and health effect of phthalate in the following four aspects: animal toxicology, population epidemiology, people exposure, and safety standard, moreover, some critical problems which should be studied as soon as possible were proposed.

Objective To investigate ?-cell early insulin secretion function and insulin resistance in different durations and grades patients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and six middle and old age(58.4?8.5) years hypertension patients were enrolled.According to hypertension durations,patients were categorized as ≤1 year group(n=35),1.1-4.9 years group(n=34),≥5 years group(n=37);while based on grades of hypertension,patients were divided as 1st grade(140-159/90-99 mmHg,n=53),2nd grade(160-179/100-109 mmHg,n=30),3rd grade(≥180/≥110 mmHg,n=23).Plasm glucose,HOMA-IR,?I30/?G30 were determined and compared among groups.Results Patients with longer duration(≥5 years) had most seriously impairment of ?-cell early secretion(?I30/?G30)[≥5 years(2.1?4.5) vs 1.1-4.9 years(10.9?4.2),vs ≤1 year(10.3?4.2),all P

The important functions about the applications of the telemedicine-car in "5?12" earthquake are expatiated through the actual applications of the telemedicine system in mischance cure, some improved ideas and advice about this system in the especial estate are given to take the first-hand data for the telemedicine using in the martial and the civil especial estate, the telemedicine's farther consummate and development have grand and profound significance.

In order to evaluate the pathogenisis, definite the position and mechanism of ovarian dysfunction. Methods Pi-tuitarygonadal hormones ,-.P and prolactin (PRL) were measured in 25 premenopausal hemodialysis women using enzyme im-munoassay (E3A). Results Patients' serum PRL levels significantly elevated, FSFKLH levels also elevated, whereas P levels were obviously lower compared with normal women. Conclusion (1) Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis was impaired in uremia women as indicated by the prevalence of acydicity and the failure of LH,E2 levels and marked low P levels. (2)In uremia women clomiphenum stimulation test was positive suggested that the pituitary-ovarian axis were normal, whereas hypothalamic was impaired. (3) Hyperprolactinemia, owing to increased pituitary prolactin secretion. Suppression with bromocriptine was unstable. (4) During dialysis, symptom treating is suitable rather than trigger the ovalation. Successful renal transplantation is the best treatment.

Purpose　To investigate the pathomorphological and immunohistochemical features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Methods　Light microscopy was used to study the morphologic characteristics of 77 cases of GIST. The expression of c-kit(CD117), CD34, vimentin, SMA and S-100 protein were detected in all cases with S-P immunohistochemical method. Results　GIST tended to have a higher degree of cellularity and lesser degree of cytoplasmic eosinophilia than observed in classic leiomyomas. The neoplastic cells of GIST were spindle, epithelioid or both in different proportion. Focal to prominent cytoplasmic vacuolization was often seen. The histological spectrum included interlacing fascicles, diffuse sheets, storiform and palisading pattern. The formation of cell clusters was rather special. Stromal and vascular hyalinization was common. GIST primary in the mesentery tended to have a higher potentiality of malignancy. The positivity of CD117 and CD34 were 90%, 92%, respectively. Conclusion　The characteristic histological features exist in GIST. The detection of CD117 and CD34 is helpful to differential diagnosis.

[Objective] To observe the effect of Qi-strengthening and blood-activating method for chronic nephritis (CN). [Methods] One hundred and ten patients with CN were randomized into 2 groups. Group A (n = 60) was treated with symptomatic treatment combined with Qi-strengthening and blood-activating herbs including Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Poria, Rhizoma Dioscorease, Fructus Corni, Rhizoma Curculiginis, Herba Lycopi, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Semen Persicae and Flos Carthami. Group B (n = 50) was treated with symptomatic treatment combined with oral use of Bailing Capsule, the principal ingredient of which is fermented Cordyceps powder with the actions of tonifying lung and kidney and invigorating essence and Qi. The treatment course lasted 8 weeks. Total therapeutic effect, and the changes of symptoms, immune function, hemorrheology indexes and urine routine indexes before and after treatment were observed. [Results] The total therapeutic effect was 90.00% in group A, higher than 68.00% in group B (P

Objective To explore the relationship of traditional Chinese medical syndrome patterns with renal pathological changes and clinical laboratory parameters in patients with lupus nephritis.Methods Syndrome patterns were differentiated according the clinical manifestations.The data of laboratory examination and renal pathology were collected and analyzed in 40 patients with lupus nephritis.Results(1) Of the fundamental syndrome patterns,pattern of spleen and kidney Qi deficiency had higher activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and 24-hour urine protein amount than the pattern without spleen and kidney Qi deficiency.(2) Of the incidental syndrome patterns,water-damp pattern had higher APTT than damp-turbidity pattern;hemoglobin(HGB) level in water-damp pattern and damp-turbidity pattern was lower than the normal,and HGB level in water-damp pattern differed from that in blood-staiss pattern and damp-heat pattern(P

Objective To comprehend the clinical characteristics and treatment of primary hepatic amyloidosis.Methods A total of 10 cases of primary hepatic amyloidosis included. 4 cases from Peking Union Medical College Hospital and 6 cases from other hospitals.reported in the literature in recent 20 years were reviewed,Results (1)The frequent clinical symptoms related to primary hepatic amyloidosis presented as hepatomegaly(90%),abdominal distension(80%),shifting dullness(60%),anorexia(50%),fatigue(40%),edema(40%),weight loss(40%) and abdominal pain(30%).(2)Laboratory tests revealed elevated serum alkaline phosphatase which was (558.3?517.2)U/L,and other liver function involvement were rare:six patients(85.7%)had either a serum or urine monoclonal protein.(3)Liver biopsy is golden standard.The amyloid deposition was mainly located at sinusoida(4 casese,57.1%),and only 2 cases was at vascular(28.6%).Complication of bleeding after liver biopsy was reported(1 case).(4)The classical therapy scheme was melphalan and prednisone,four cases died from liver function failure and infection.Conclusion The clues to the diagnosis of primary hepatic amyloidosis include elevated monoclonal protein,hepatomegaly and an unexplained elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level which is not parallel with other liver functions.Live biopsy is golden standard.The treatment scheme include melphalan and prednisone,but its prognosis is poor.

Objective To observe the changes in the relative indexes of vascular endothelium, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis system of rabbits with experimental severe decompression sickness (DCS), and to compare the above indexes of surviving rabbits with those of dead in order to analyze the mechanism of causes of death. Methods 14 rabbits were put into a decompression chamber. They stayed for 35 min under an atmospheric pressure of 0.55 MPa, followed by a pressure of 0.7MPa for 35min. Then they were subjected to a pressure of 0.1MPa for 4 minutes. Blood samples were drawn before the compression, under high pressure, and after decompression to determine endothelin-1 (ET-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibrinogen (FIB), D-Dimer, blood coagulation factor Ⅷ(FⅧ), plasminogen (PLG), plasmin inhibitor (PL-IN), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). The changes of above parameters of surviving rabbits were compared with those of the dead. Results After rapid decompression, 8 rabbits died within 30 minutes, while the other 6 rabbits survived and all symptoms of decompression sickness disappeared 24 hours after decompression. The plasma level of ET-1 increased from 1.33?0.33pg/ml to 2.74?0.87pg/ml after a 30min stay under 0.55MPa, while the activity of vWF increased from 2.62?0.69% to 3.64?1.48%. Compared with the surviving rabbits, those dead rabbits showed significant reduction in FIB (0.92?0.12g/L) and D-Dimer (55.63?12.12ng/ml), after rapid decompression. Conclusions There was a release of vasoactive substance in the blood of rabbits during the period when they stayed under high pressure. After rapid decompression, the most important difference between the survivors and the dead was that there were stronger coagulation activation, more consumption of FIB and weaker secondary fabrinolysis in the latter compared with the survivors.

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effect of TMP on function of EPCs in normal or hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)inducing injury model cell culture,and to approach a therapy to coronary heart disease(CHD).[Method] Total mononuclear cells were isolated from the cord blood by ficoll density gradient centrifugation,cultured in vitro.After the cells cultured for 7 days,identified them by cellmarkers and the ability of intaking the ac-LDL,and made sure they were EPCs.To divide the cells into three groups,TMP(5,25,100,200mg),H2O2(500??)model and TMP together with H2O2,cultured for 24h and then detected the function and apoptosis of EPCs.[Result] Versus to control group,the TMP(5,25,100mg)groups had no important effect on the proliferation and adhesion of EPCs,but TMP(200mg)group had negative effect on EPCs.Versus to H2O2 model group,TMP(5,25,100mg)preincubated groups had important protective effect on EPCs in proliferation,adhesion and apoptosis.[Conclusion] TMP could protect EPCs from oxidative stress injury,but had little benefit to EPCs in normal incubation.