AIM:To investigate LPS(lipopolysaccharide)stimulated cytokine secretion from normal rat kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS: Kupffer cells were isolated from wistar rats liver and cultured. Tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF- α) and endothelin- 1 (ET- 1 ) secreted by LPS stimulated kupffer cells were detected. RESULTS: LPS had an stimulative effect on kupffer cell activity. LPS in definite concentrations promoted kupffer cell secretion. CONCLUSION: LPS promotes kupffer cell secretion, which may be associated with liver injury induced by LPS.

Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions between floxuridine (FUDR) and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor.Methods 111 trophoblastic tumor patients of Ⅱ-Ⅲ stage including 62 cases of in vasive mole and 49 cases of choriocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectinely.The patients were divided into FUDR+KSM group (55 cases) and 5-Fu+KSM group (56 cases).FUDR was according to 23 mg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 8 hours,KSM was according to 6 μg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 4 hours.5-Fu was according to 26 mg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 8 hours.KSM was according to 6 μg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 4 hours.Both the two programs were 8 days.Results The cure rate was 98 ％ (54/55) in FUDR+DSM group,and that was 96 ％ (54/56) in 5-Fu+KSM group.The incidence rates of phlebophlogosis,dental ulcer and alopecie in the FUDR+KSM group were obviously lower than those in 5-Fu+KSM group [29.1％ (16/55) vs 85.7 ％ (48/56),54.5 ％ (30/55) vs 98.2 ％(55/56),21.8 ％ (12/55) vs 89.3 ％ (50/56),all P ＜ 0.05].Both the FUDR+KSM group and the 5-Fu+KSM group bad significant differences at phlebophlogosis dental ulcer and alopecie in Ⅲ stages.Conclusion The curative effect of the FUDR is aimilar with the 5-Fu,but the drug consumption of the FUDR is less.The incidence rates of dental ulcer,alopecie,and phlebophlogosis are less,but myelosuppression and alvi profluvium are rcscmble between the two sets.

Objective To investigate the potential role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) in apoptosis after combined liver and kidney transplantation in rats. Methods Eighty rats which had combined liver and kidney transplantation were randomly paired, were divided into study group (n=20) and control group (n=20). 40 ml of 4 ℃ sodium chloride and anti-TNF-? monoclonal antibody (30 ml was infused from portal veins to donated livers and 10 ml from renal arteries to donated kidneys) were infused to the study group (0.1 mg/kg weight),and the same quantity of 4 ℃ sodium chloride was infused the control group. Venous blood was drew at different phases after the transplantations to detect the function of kidney and liver. The level of TNF-? and the cell apoptosis were detected in the transplanted tissues of liver and kidney by ELISA and terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated dTUP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Results The levels of AST, ACT, Cr and BUN in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group at the same phases (P

AIM:To investigate LPS(lipopolysaccharide)stimulated cytokine secretion from normal rat kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS: Kupffer cells were isolated from wistar rats liver and cultured.Tumor necrosis factor -? (TNF-?) and endothelin-1(ET-1) secreted by LPS stimulated kupffer cells were detected. RESULTS: LPS had an stimulative effect on kupffer cell activity. LPS in definite concentrations promoted kupffer cell secretion.CONCLUSION: LPS promotes kupffer cell secretion, which may be associated with liver injury induced by LPS.

Objective To investigate the effect of hepatic microcirculatory disturbance induced by intestinal endotoxemia in liver injury. Methods The model of rats with intestinal endotoxemia induced by thioacetamide(TAA) was established. 25 Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as normal control group (N), Heparin control group(H), TAA treated group(T), and TAA + heparin treated group(T +H). The changes of plasma biochemistry and hepatic histopathology were measured. Results The plasma endotoxin level, alanine transaminase (ALT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in TAA treated rats were markedly higher than that in the control ones (P < 0.05), while plasma endotoxin level was lower ( P > 0.05) and ALT as well as MDA were decreased significantly ( P < 0.05) in TAA + heparin group than in TAA group. Conclusion Intestinal endotoxemia could induce disturbance of hepatic microcirculation, which results in ischemia and hypoxia of liver cell. Heparin could not only correct disturbance of hepatic microcirculation induced by intestinal endotoxemia, but also reduce liver injury induced by ischemia and hypoxia.

In order to evaluate the pathogenisis, definite the position and mechanism of ovarian dysfunction. Methods Pi-tuitarygonadal hormones ,-.P and prolactin (PRL) were measured in 25 premenopausal hemodialysis women using enzyme im-munoassay (E3A). Results Patients' serum PRL levels significantly elevated, FSFKLH levels also elevated, whereas P levels were obviously lower compared with normal women. Conclusion (1) Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis was impaired in uremia women as indicated by the prevalence of acydicity and the failure of LH,E2 levels and marked low P levels. (2)In uremia women clomiphenum stimulation test was positive suggested that the pituitary-ovarian axis were normal, whereas hypothalamic was impaired. (3) Hyperprolactinemia, owing to increased pituitary prolactin secretion. Suppression with bromocriptine was unstable. (4) During dialysis, symptom treating is suitable rather than trigger the ovalation. Successful renal transplantation is the best treatment.

Objective To study the variation of serum thyroid hormones in each trimester of pregnancy and their relationship with thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb).Methods Three-hundred and seventy-seven pregnant women in different trimesters were enrolled,the serum TSH,FT3,FT4,TT3,TT4,and TPOAb were determined by ICMA assay.Results Serun TSH in normal pregnant group was gradually increased as the pregnant trimester grew up ( all P＜0.05 ).The median of TSH in positive TPOAb group was higher than that of negative TPOAb group( P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in positive TPOAb group were also higher than those in negative TPOAb group( all P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism were 23.61％ and 18.04％,while those of clinical hypothyroidism were 0.27％ and 5.84％ by using TT4 and FT4 determination,respectively( P＜0.05 ).Conclusions More attention should be paid to the difference between FT4 and TT4 in hypothyroidism diagnosis during both second and third trimesters of pregnancy.Establishment of normal thyroid hormoues cut-off points in each trimester of pregnancy and screening for TPOAb is necessary.

Objective To examine the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease1 (APE1) in primary small cell carcinoma of esophagus(PSEC) ,then investigate the relationship between these SNPs and the prognosis.Methods Sixty cases first-treated patients with PSEC were recruited, patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and healthy blood donors were recruited as positive and negative controls.APE1 (Asp148Glu) of the patients with PSEC and controls were genotyped by the TaqMan method.Every patient was treated with platinum-based chemotherapy(EP regimen for PSEC and TP regimen for ESCC)and radiotherapy(3D-CRT) ,then every case was followed-up for 2 years.The relationship between these SNPs and the follow-up outcome was analyzed.Results Compared with the ESCC group and control group, APE1 148 pure mutant(Glu/Glu) of PSEC group increased significantly(PSEC group was 40％ (12/30), ESCC group was 13.3％ (4/30) , control group was 10％ (2/20)), the difference was statistically significant (x2 =7.248,P =0.027).According to data of following-up, there was a significant increase in rate of progress (1year:40.0％ (12/30) vs 16.7％ (5/30), x2 =4.022, P =0.045;2 years: 86.7％ (26/30) vs 40.0％ (12/30) ,P =0.004) and a significant decrease in survival (33.3％ (10/30) vs 76.7％ (23/30)) of PSEC compared with ESCC.The SNPs of APE1 Asp148Glu was significantly correlated with frequency of progress, a significant increase was found in rate of progress of the patients with mutant type(Asp/Glu±Glu/Glu) compared with wild genotype(1 year: 50.0％(11/22) ,x2 =3.854,P=0.05;2 years: 81.8％ (19/22) ,x2 =10.519,P =0.001) ,the survival of the patients with mutant genotype was significantly lower than wild type (22.7％ (5/22) ,x2=10.77,P=0.001).Conclusion The most of polymorphisms of APE1(Asp148Glu) are mutation type in PSEC.Pure mutant genotype (APE1 148Glu/Glu) carry significant enhancement of progression.The polymorphisms of APE1 (Asp148Glu) maybe one of those molecular mechanisms of high frequency of progress and poor prognosis in PSEC.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of dexmedetomidine sedation in interventional neuroradiology operations.Methods Eighty-five cases ASA grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade patients undergoing cerebral angiography according to age divided into two groups:old group(more than 60 years old,35 cases) and young group (18-59 years old,50 cases).The loading dose of dexmedetomidine were dexmedetomidine 0.5 μ g/kg in old group and 1.0 μ g/kg in young group,respectively.The loading dose was administered for 10 min followed by continuous infusion dexmedetomidine 0.5 μ g/ (kg· h).Blood pressure,heart rate (HR),peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory rate (RR),Ramsay score and bispectral index(BIS) were monitored and recorded during the study.Results The BIS,Ramsay score after administration 10,15,30,45 min in two groups was significantly longer than that before administration [old group:84 ±22,83 ±22,85 ± 15,75 ±23 vs.94 ±5; (2.0 ±0.4),(2.3 ±0.6),(2.8 ±0.7),(3.0 ±0.7)scores vs.(1.7 ± 0.5) scores; young group:91 ± 8,89 ± 11,86 ± 12,81 ± 13 vs.96 ± 2; (1.9 ± 0.6),(2.3 ±0.7),(2.7 ± 0.9),(3.0 ± 0.9) scores vs.(1.6 ± 0.5) scores,P ＜ 0.05].The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,mean arterial pressure (MAP) after administration 10,15,30,45 min in two groups was significantly longer than that before administration [old group:(152 ± 23),(144 ± 23),(140 ± 21),(135 ±21) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(165 ± 25) mm Hg; (87 ± 11),(83 ± 11),(78 ± 8),(75 ± 8) mm Hg vs.(89± 13)mm Hg;(106±14),(100±13),(99±12),(95±12)mm Hg vs.(113±16)mm Hg;young group:(131 ± 24),(127 ± 23),(124 ± 25),(124 ± 26) mm Hg vs.(142 ± 23) mm Hg; (81 ± 13),(79±13),(77±13),(76±13)mmHgvs.(86± 14) mmHg;(97±16),(94±16),(91±19),(92±20) mm Hg vs.(104 ± 19) mm Hg,P ＜0.05],but the decreases in blood pressure were ＜20％ from baseline.The HR,RR and SpO2 was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine sedation during cerebral angiography has little effect on hemodynamics,no significant respiratory depression,is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the effect of extremity ischemic preconditioning on the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the lung tissues of patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.Methods Forty-six American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 30-64 yr,weighing 50-80 kg,scheduled for elective pulmonary lobectomy performed via a thoracoscope,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =23 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and extremity ischemic preconditioning group (group R).After induction of anesthesia,the patients were intubated with the double-lumen tube.Correct position of the tube was verified with the fiberoptic bronchoscope.In group R,ischemic preconditioning was induced by 3 cycles of 5-min lower extremity ischemia followed by 5-min reperfusion after induction of anesthesia.Lung tissues were obtained when the lobe of the lung was removed during surgery for determination of AQP1 expression (by Western blot) and wet/dry lung weight ratio and for microscopic examination of pathologic changes which were scored.Immediately after onset of one-lung ventilation,at 30 and 60 min of one-lung ventilation,and at 1 h after restoration of two-lung ventilation,arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis,and the oxygenation index was calculated.The development of postoperative complications and length of postoperative hospital stay were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the expression of AQP1 was significantly up-regulated,and oxygenation index at 30 and 60 min of one-lung ventilation and 1 h after restoration of two-lung ventilation were significantly increased,the pathologic score,the wet/dry lung weight ratio and incidence of postoperative pneumonia and atelectasis were significantly decreased,and the length of postoperative hospital stay was significantly shortened in group R (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Extremity ischemic preconditioning can reduce lung injury through up-regulating AQP1 expression in the patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.