Objective:To observe the effect of the combinative supplementation of Formoterol, Indomethacin and Roxithromycin on cancer cachexia (CC) and to study the mechanism. Methods: Male BALB/c mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma for 9 days were served as models of cancer cachexia. The mice were divided into nine groups. Physiological conditions, body weight and food intake were documented every day. Serum levels of cytokine and nutritional markers were detected 7 days after treatment. Results: Tumor-bearing caused a wasting of non-tumor body weight and gastrocnemius muscle. Serum tumor necrosis factor-?, (TNF-?) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly elevated accompanied with nutrition depletion in tumor-bearing mice. After treatment with combinative supplementation of Formoterol, Indomethacin and Roxithromycin, left gastrocnemius weight and serum glucose were improved and the levels of TNF-? and triglyceride were down-regulated. Conclusion: Formoterol, Indomethacin and Roxithromycin had their own positive effects to CC mice. Drugs combinationin in tumor-bearing mice with cancer cachexia could produce synergistic action.[

Objective: To observe the effect of the combinative supplementation of Formoterol, Indomethacin and Roxithromycin on cancer cachexia (CC) and to study the mechanism. Methods: Male BALB/c mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma for 9 days were served as models of cancer cachexia. The mice were divided into nine groups. Physiological conditions, body weight and food intake were documented every day. Serum levels of cytokine and nutritional markers were detected 7 days after treatment. Results: Tumor-bearing caused a wasting of non-tumor body weight and gastrocnemius muscle. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α, (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly elevated accompanied with nutrition depletion in tumor-bearing mice. After treatment with combinative supplementation of Formoterol, Indomethacin and Roxithromycin, left gastrocnemius weight and serum glucose were improved and the levels of TNF-α and triglyceride were down-regulated. Conclusion: Formoterol, Indomethacin and Roxithromycin had their own positive effects to CC mice. Drugs combinationin in tumor-bearing mice with cancer cachexia could produce synergistic action.

Objective To evaluate the effect of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone in treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).Methods Forty-two patients with IPF were randomized to divide into two groups,nebulised budesonide groups and oral prednisolone groups.Symptoms,signs,pulmonary function,arterial blood gases analysis and the adverse effects were measured.ResultsThere were significant improvement of VC and PaO2 of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone groups,but there were no significant differences between of nebulized budesonide groups and oral prednisolone groups.The adverse effects in nebulised budesonide group were obviously less than those in oral prednisolone groups.Conclusion Nebulized budesonide was an effective method in treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective By comparing the detection rates of subclinical thyroid diseases in women(pregnant,lactating and child-bearing age)between iodine deficient regions (supplied iodized salt)and water-borne iodine excess regions (consumed non-iodized salt),and to find the different prevalence of subclinical thyroid disease between two regions under their different iodine source and iodine levels, and to provide reference for screening susceptible population with iodine-related thyroid diseases.Methods The iodine deficiency but salt iodine surpplying regions were selected from six provinces in our country,the local people who were pregnant women,lactating women and 18 to 45 years old women of child-bearing age,a total of 991 cases were investigated.The iodine nutrition levels of the pregnant women were grouped by <150,150-249,and ≥500μg·L-1;the iodine nutrition levels of the lactating women were grouped by <100 and ≥100μg·L-1 .The high water-iodine regions in Shanxi Province were selected,and according to the water-iodine levels 50-99,100-149,149-299,and more than 300μg·L-1 four regions were selected;20 cases of three kinds of people mentioned above were selected in each region,a total of 241 cases.The blood and urine samples were collected, and the serological thyroid function indexes were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay method or radioimmunity method, and the urine-iodine was detected with cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method. Results In iodine deficient regions and water-borne iodine excess regions, the concurrence rates of subclinical hypothyroidism(hypothyroidism for short)and thyroid antibody positive of women were 2.32% and 4.98%,respectively;accounting to about 1/3 to 1/2 of those subclinical hypothyroidism population.The prevalence rates of subclinical thyroid diseases in the women population between the two regions were 27.55% and 34.85%,respectively;nearly accounting for 1/3 of the women population.The subclinical hypothyroidism detection rates of the three populations in high water iodine regions were significantly higher than those in iodine deficient regions(P<0.05).The lactating women’s detection rates of thyroid antibody positive and subclinical hypothyroidism with antibody positive in high water iodine regions were significantly higher than those in iodine deficient regions(P<0.05).With different iodine sources,when took appropriate iodine,there was no statistical difference of the detection rates of subclinical thyroid diseases among three kinds of women(P>0.05). With the increase of iodine exposure levels,the prevalence of women who suffered from subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid antibody positive was increased,the coincidence rate was also increased.The detection rates of low T4 concentration and total subclinical thyroid disease of pregnant women in iodine nutrition<100μg·L-1 group were significantly higher than those in iodine nutrition 250-499μg·L-1 group (P<0.05).The detection rates of low T4 concentration and total subclinical thyroid disease of lactating women in iodine nutrition <100μg· L-1 group were significantly higher than those in iodine nutrition >100μg·L-1 group (P<0.05).Conclusion When the iodine intake is appropriate, iodine intakes from salt or from water have no effect on subclinical thyroid diseases. When the iodine intake increases,the prevalence of subclinical thyroid diseases will increase too.

Objective To identify the host-cell death pathways (apoptosis, autophagy or necrosis) in L929 cells at the time point of 48 hours post infection (h.p.i.) with Chlamydia muridarum.Methods L929 cells were infected with Chlamydia muridarum at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.85 for 48 hours.Nuclear fragmentation was observed under fluorescence microscopy following staining L929 cells with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole).L929 cells were stained with propidium iodide (PI) plus Annexin Ⅴ and then analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to clarify whether apoptosis or necrosis occurred after Chlamydia muridarum infection.L929 cells were transiently transfected with GFP-LC3 and observed under fluorescent microscopy to analyze cell autophagy.Western blot assay was performed to detect LC3 protein for further analysis of autophagy.Results Apoptosis was not induced in L929 cells by Chlamydia muridarum infection at 48 h.p.i.as no significant nuclear fragmentation was observed.Results of FACS showed that most cells died due to necrosis.Moreover, fluorescent dots of GFP-LC3 formed after infecting transfected L929 cells with Chlamydia muridarum.An increased ratio of LC3Ⅰ to LC3Ⅱ in the L929 cells infected with Chlamydia muridarum was detected by Western blot assay, indicating that autophagy occurred during Chlamydia muridarum infection.Conclusion Necrosis and autophagy rather than apoptosis are induced in L929 cells 48 hours after infection with Chlamydia muridarum.

Objective To evaluate MRI diagnostic value for single lesion characteristics in the splenium of corpus callosum.Methods MRI features,clinical data,and parts of follow-up results of 9 cases with single lesion in the splenium of corpus callosum were analyzed retrospectively.Results (1)Clinical manifestations:headache and dizziness occurred in 4 cases,syncope in 3 cases,fever in 2 cases, physical activity barriers in 2 cases.(2)Clinical diagnosis:hypoglycemic encephalopathy were rescaned one month later in 3 cases, in which the previous lesion completely disappeared.Clinical experience of encephalitis were improved after treatment in 2 cases. Cerebral infarction,epilepsy,brain injury and degeneration were diagnosed respectively in each one case,in which lesion still existed after treatmented.(3)Image findings:despite the different clinical manifestations,image features of all cases were quite similar. Round or foliated like lesions of slightly long T1 and long T2 signals in the splenium of corpus callosum were presented in all cases. High signals on diffusion weighted imaging and low signals on the ADC were showed with same lesions,andno obvious enhancement after contract media injected was seen.Conclusion Single lesions in the splenium of corpus callosum are showed in many diseases. The image features of hypoglycemic encephalopathy or encephalitis have certain characteristics (single lesion is reversible).Accurate diagnosis need to combine with clinical data and medical history.

Objective To investigate the medical assistance to inpatients from low-income families for solving their difficulties in seeing doctors and affordability.Methods Random sampling was made to five ongoing medical assistance projects in the hospital for statistics and analysis of the data so collected.Results Medical expenses of such inpatients are beyond their affordability.Despite the coverage of their basic medical insurance,the reimbursement rate is too low to alleviate their financial burden.Conclusion A“4-party payment”model is recommended,combining the government support for basic medical insurance,social welfare assistance,philanthropic assistance and that paid by the inpatients.This model is expected to effectively alleviate the financial burden of such inpatients.

Objective To investigate the prompt value of abnormal vaginal morphology on diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse . Methods Forty eight pelvic organ prolapse female patients diagnosed by pelvic organ prolapse quantification were enrolled in the pelvic organ prolapse group and 51 normal female volunteers were enrolled in the control group in this study. Pelvic MRI T2WI were performed in all cases. The vaginal shape were evaluated according to Delancey Ⅱ level on the transverse images, which were divided into two categories:normal morphology (H-shaped) and abnormal morphology(non H-shaped). The vaginal shape distribution of different prolapse degree(0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳstage) and types(anterior,middle, posterior pelvic prolapse) were recorded. Chi-square test was used to analyse distribution difference of vaginal shape between the two groups. The ROC curve was used to analyse the diagnostic efficiency of abnormal vaginal morphology for diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse. Results In the control group, there were 40 cases with normal vaginal morphology and 11 cases with abnormal morphology mainly including W-shaped and U-shaped abnormal morphology. In the prolapse group, there were 5 cases with normal vaginal morphology and 43 cases with abnormal morphologymainly including U-shaped (13 cases), W-shaped (26 cases) and O-shaped(4 cases) abnormal morphology. There was significant difference between the two groups(c2=46.137,P<0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.800. The sensitivity and specificity of abnormal vaginal shape for diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse were 89.6% and 78.4%respectively.The distribution of vaginal morphology in different degrees and types of prolapse were different:vaginal morphology of 0 stage prolapse showed H-typed mainly (40/51, 78.4%), Ⅰ stage prolapse showed W-shaped (16/28 57.1%), Ⅱ,Ⅲ stage prolapse all showed non H-shaped (20/20, 100%), Ⅱstage mainly showed W-shaped (9/14), Ⅲ stage mainly showed O-shaped (3/6). Anterior pelvic organ prolapse were manifested mainly with W-shaped vaginal morphology (4/9) and middle pelvic organ prolapse mainly showed O-shaped vaginal morphology (4/7). Conclusions The abnormal vaginal morphology has the prompt value on diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse.Moreover, the different shape probably indicates the different degrees and types of pelvic organ prolapse.

Objective:To analyze the expression of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-positive T cells, and to investigate its role in the occurrence and development of HTLV-1 infection.Methods:The expression of HLA-G in HTLV-1-positive T cell lines (MT2 and MT4) was detected by Western blot and real-time PCR. HLA-G gene in MT2 and MT4 cells was knocked down by siRNA, and the effects of HLA-G on the expression of HTLV-1 Tax and P19 at mRNA and protein levels were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR. Moreover, the changes in cytokine expression in MT2 and MT4 cells were monitored at RNA level after HLA-G gene silencing. The proliferation ability of MT2 and MT4 cells was analyzed by CCK8. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with HTLV-1-negative T cells (Jurkat and MOLT4), the expression of HLA-G increased significantly in MT2 and MT4 cells. After knocking down the HLA-G gene with siRNA in MT2 and MT4 cells, the expression of HTLV-1 Tax and P19 at mRNA and protein levels was decreased, and the expression of antiviral cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α was increased. The proliferation of MT2 and MT4 cells and STAT3 phosphorylation in these cells were decreased.Conclusions:HTLV-1 could induce T cells to overexpress the immune tolerance molecule HLA-G. Silencing HLA-G gene in HTLV-1-positive T cells could promote the production of antiviral cytokines and reduce IL-6 expression and STAT3 phosphorylation, thereby effectively inhibiting the replication of HTLV-1.

Objective To investigate the MR imaging findings of Li-pilocarpine-induced acute epilepsy rats and explore the pathophysiological changes of acute epilepsy rats.Methods Twenty-two SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=9) and model group (n=13). Rats in the model group were intraperitoneally injected with lithium chloride and pilocarpine, while rats in the control group were given equal volume normal saline. All rats were given MR imaging plain scan and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). The images of rats of the two groups were compared, and the differences of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the hippocampus, piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex and sensory cortex were compared.Results Four rats in the model group show hyperintensity in T2 weighted imaging and 6 rats in the model group showed hyperintensity in DWI; as compared with T2 weighted imaging, DWI has wider display ranges, mainly distributed in the sensory cortex, and piriform cortex+entorhinal cortex. As compared with those in the control group, the ADC values in sensory cortex and piriform cortex+entorhinal cortex of model group significantly decreased (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences of ADC values in the hippocampus between two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Multiple regions are involved in acute epilepsy rats, which maybe shown by MR imaging; changes in the somatosensory cortex and piriform cortex+entorhinal cortex may occur before those in the hippocampus.