Objective To examine the characteristics of dysfunctional attitudes in patients with so?matoform disorders and to delineate the relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and personality disorder tendency. Methods Sixty?four outpatients with somatoform disorder and 52 healthy individuals were recrui?ted and asked to complete the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire( PDQ?4) and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale( DAS ) for the evaluation of their personality disorder tendency and cognitive characteristics. DAS scores were compared between patient and control groups. The relationship between DAS and PDQ?4 was e?valuated by comparing DAS scores of patients with and without personality disorder tendency and by correla?ting patients’ total scores of DAS and PDQ?4. Results Patients with somatoform disorder(150.13±31.75) showed significantly higher scores of DAS than healthy controls(121.62±20.30). Moreover,patients with per?sonality disorder tendency exhibited significantly higher scores in the total score of DAS and scores of five factors including vulnerability, absorption/exclusive, compulsion, dependence and cognitive philosophy ( P<0.05) . Finally,a positive correlation was found between total scores of DAS and PDQ?4( r=0.535, P<0.01) and the correlation coefficients between the total score of DAS and Cluster A( r=0.545) and C scores( r=0.625) were significantly higher than that of Cluster B score( r=0.317).Conclusion Patients with somato?form disorders have cognitive distortion,which is correlated with personality disorder tendency.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and its security on different kinds of atomization with mucosolvan and chymotrypsin in treating neonatal pneumonia.Methods Seventy-eight neonates who were diagnosed as neonatal pneumonia were divided into treatment group (n =39) and control group (n =39) by random number table method from Jul 2011 to Aug 2013 in our hospital.The control group was treated with chymotrypsin atomization,and the treatment group was treated with compression atomizing to inhale mucosolvan.The treatment effects of two groups were compared.Results Compared with the control group after treatment for 24 h,48 h,72 h,the treatment group had more significant increasing in PaO2,more decreasing in PaCO2 and more significant improvement in oxygenation index.There were statistical significances between the two groups(P ＜ 0.01).The treatment group spent shorter time in remission of symptoms,disappear of signs and hospital stay than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).In the treatment group,25 cases were markedly improved,9 cases were effective,5 cases were invalid.The effective rate was 87.2％.In the control group,14 cases were markedly effective,6 cases were effective,19 cases were invalid.The effective rate was 51.3％.The effective rate was significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).The adverse drug reactions were not found in the process of treatment for two groups.Conclusion Mucosolvan atomizing inhalation has a better treatment effect than chymotrypsin.It can shorten the course of treatment,and is worth promoting the application.

Background Herpes simplex virus (HSV) disciform stromal keratitis is a T cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity of corneal stroma.The treatment of HSV disciform stromal keratitis is the combination of glucocorticoid and antiviral drug before.However,the therapy is limited for intolerantble patients to glucocorticoid.In addition,the adverse reactions following usage of glucocorticoid can not be ignored.FKS06 solution is proved to has the immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory acttions with less side effects than glucocorticoid drug.But the study on the application of FK506 solution in treatment of HSV disciform stromal keratitis is lack.Objective This prospective clinical trail was to evaluate the efficacy of topical tacrolimus for HSV disciform stromal keratitis and its safety.Methods A prospective study was performed on 18 consecutive cases (18 eyes) who were diagnosed as active HSV disciform stromal keratitis from June 2011 to June 2012 in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center under the approval of the Ethic Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and informed consent of the patients,including 3 patients with refractory to prior steroid eyedrops.All patients received a combination topical tacrolimus eyedrops 4 times per day with topical and systemic anti-viral therapy for mean (56.0±7.9) days.Corneal thickness by slit lamp biomicroscope,visual acuity,intraocular pressure,corneal fluorescein staining,Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) and tear breakup time (BUT) were performed on the patients before and 1 month,2 months after treatment and at the drug withdrawal to assess the treating efficacy of FK506,and the adverse reactions of eyes were recorded.Results Corneal edema was alleviated in (8.3 ± 2.5) days after treatment in all the patients and returned to normality in (25.3±11.5) days.Corneal edema of 2 eyes with refractory to previous steroid eyedrops showed a slower recovery procedure than that of the others.Corneal fluorescence staining scores were 4 (6,2),1 (2,1),1 (1,0) and 0 (1,0) before and 1 month,2 months and at drug withdrawal,respectively,with a significant difference among the four time points (H=39.90,P＜0.001),and the scores were significantly lower after treatment than before (all at P＜0.01).The S Ⅰ t values were (6.78±1.90),(7.39±3.53),(8.06±2.92) and (8.11±3.05) mm/5 min,respectively in the 4 time points,without statistically significant difference among various time points (F =0.94,P =0.43).The BUT values were (0.39 ± 0.50),(1.11 ± 0.90),(2.00 ± 1.08) and (3.39 ± 0.92) seconds,respectively,showing a significant difference among the 4 time points (F=34.54,P＜0.01) and had the increased values after treatment of FK506.Recurrence was seen in 2 eyes in 2 months and 5 months after cessation of tacrolimus.However,the eyes were healed after a second round regimen.No elevation of intraocular pressure and secondary infection were found in the patients during the treatment and follow-up period.Conclusions The combination therapy of tacrolimus with antiviral drug is effective and safe for HSV disciform stromal keratitis by alleviating corneal edema and promoting the rehabilitation of tear film.

Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) is the ciliary artery-circulatory disorders for the supply of optic nerve head area before the sieve plate prozone and sieve plate district, result in the insufficient blood supply of the optic nerve head and ischemia hypoxia, edema. Clinical manifestations of the type with non-artery inflammatory neuropathy and artery inflammatory neuropathy, which would both eventually lead to the irreversible damage to the optic nerve. In the early phase of AION, the main method is giving a glucocorticoids intravenous drip and a periglomerular injection (or retrobulbar injection) in time, but using the glucocorticoids for a long time or in quantity can cause a series of complications. Therefore, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment of AION has become more and more significant in clinic.

OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of butylphthalide on the pharmacokinetics of aspirin in rats. METHODS:20 rats were randomly divided into control group(vegetable oil 0.4 ml/rat+aspirin 10 mg/kg)and trial group(butylphthalide 80 mg/kg+aspirin 10 mg/kg) intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 10 days. Blood samples were collected before the last medication and 10,20,40,60,120,240,360,480,600 and 720 min after medication,0.2 ml each time. The blood concentration of drugs was determined by HPLC,and pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 software. RESULTS:Main pharmacokinet-ic parameters of aspirin in control group vs. trial group were as follows as cmax of (28.68 ± 6.08) vs. (29.33 ± 4.25)μg/ml;t1/2 of (2.48±0.67)vs.(1.60±0.36)h;AUC0-720 min of(188.71±24.29)vs.(140.31±15.08)μg·h/ml;CL/F of(0.05±0.01)vs.(0.07± 0.01)L/(h·kg);there were significant differences in t1/2,AUC0-720 min and CL/F(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Butylphthalide has no significant effect on the absorption and distribution of aspirin in rats,but can strengthen its metabolism and elimination.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of dopamine,phentolamine,recombinant interferon α combined with nasal continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) ventilation in treating severe infantile bronchiolitis.Methods Ninety-five cases of infantile severe bronchiolitis were divided into the observation group(55 cases) and control group (40 cases).The control group was given the combined treatment scheme of dopamine,phentolamine and recombinant interferon α,while on this basis the observation group was added with NCPAP.The curative effects were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the temperature recovery time,wheezing disappearance time,cough stopping time,lung wheezing sound disappearance time and hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the breathing rate,heart rate and PaCO2 level after treatment in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,the levels of PaO2,PaO2/FiO2 and pH were significantly higher than those before treatment in the same group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the breathing rate,heart rate and PaCO2 level after treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the levels of PaO2,PaO2/FiO2 and PH after treatment in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the levels of IL-8,sVCAM-1and LTE4 after treatment in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of serum IL-8,sVCAM-1 and urine LTE4 between the two groups(P>0.05);the recurrence rate and death rate in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group with statistical difference(P<0.05);the occurrence rate of adverse situation during treatment period had no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Dopamine,phentolamine,recombinant interferon α combined with NCPAP has obviously clinical effect for treating infantile severe bronchiolitis,can effectively improve the blood gas analytical indexes,reduces the signs and symptoms relief time,reduces the rates of relapse and death,and has higher clinical application value.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Menopause

Objective To investigate the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)variation in folate metabolism pathway genes and its interaction with environmental risk factors to the etiology of NTD. Methods In 275 families from central China, a total of 278 aborted fetal tissues or blood samples were collected from NTD individuals, 478 maternal and/or paternal blood samples were also obtained as controls. Folate supplementation, maternal diabetes mellitus and medication before pregnancy and during the first trimester of pregnancy were investigated. SNP analyses of all samples were performed by CEQ 8800. Case-parent control study and transmission/disequilibrium tests (TDT) were performed according to environmental cofactors stratification to evaluated 28 SNP in 12 folate pathway genes associated with human NTD. Results Only gene MTHFR rs1801133 was significantly associated with NTD, and synergistic effects of environmental risk factors (no folate supplementation and maternal diabetes) were shown on the occurrence of NTD. Linkage disequilibrium between BHMT rs3733890 and NTD existed in case of no folate supplementation,whereas the genotype alone did not contribute to the etiology of NTD. Other SNP were not significantly associated with NTD. Conclusions MTHFR rs1801133 is a risk factor of NTD, but BHMT rs3733890 is not an independent risk factor. Further investigations in folate and methionine cycle genes are requird in larger scale to enclose the interactions between gene and gene, or gene and environmental factors.

Aim To explore the effects and mecha-nisms of choro-oxime derivatives on spatial learning and memory impairment in Kunming mice and SD rats induced by scopolamine and Aβ1-42 , respectively. Methods 40 Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, model group, donepezil treatment group, arimoclomol treatment group and TCO-2 treatment group. There were 8 mice in each group. Mice of control group were established by intra-peritoneal injection of saline, and mice of other groups were injected with scopolamine and caused memory im-pairment. Both control group and model group were treated with solvent by intraperitoneal administration;donepezil treatment group received donepezil by intra-gastric administration; arimoclomol treatment group and TCO-2 treatment group were given the correspond-ing drugs by abdominal injection, respectively. The solvent and drugs were given at the same time every morning for 8 days. Spatial learning and memory abili-ty were tested by Morris water maze from the fifth day of the drugs administration. 40 SD rats were divided into 5 groups the same as the dementia model men-tioned above. Mice of control group were established by intracerebroventricular injection of saline, and mice of other groups were injected with insoluble Aβ1-42 to be induced of memory impairment. Solvent and drugs were also delivered as mentioned above. Morris water maze was carried out from the fifth day of the drug de-livery. After that, acetyl cholinesterase activity of hip-pocampus was tested with acetyl cholinesterase reagent kit; the content of Aβ1-42 in hippocampus was meas-ured by ELISA assay kit;the expression of phosphoryl-ated tau proteins was detected by Western Blot. Re-sults In both two dementia models, choro-oxime de-rivatives could improve the spatial learning and memory ability, shorten the escape latency and increase the times of crossing the former platform. Choro-oxime de-rivatives could also inhibit the acetyl cholinesterase ac-tivity in animal brain, decrease the concentration of Aβ1-42 and the expression of phosphorylated tau pro-teins in the dementia rats’ hippocampus. Conclusions Spatial learning and memory deficits induced by sco-polamine and Aβ1-42 could be reversed by choro-oxime derivatives. It may be concerned with enhancement of the cholinergic system functions and reduction of the levels of Aβ1-42 and phosphorylated tau proteins in the brain.

Objective To discuss the initial expression of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine the potential value of PCT to predict the neurological outcome.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on patients admitted due to severe TBI (GCS≤8 points) from July 2011 to August 2012.Mortality and neurological outcome of the survivors were determined using Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 6 months after TBI.Results A total of 52 patients (39 males and 13 females),at median age of 38 years (range,15-65 years) were included in the study.Twenty-eight patients had good outcome (GOS of grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ),whereas 24 patients had poor outcome or died (GOS of grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ).Within 24 hours after TBI,serum PCT level was significantly higher in patients with bad outcome compared to those with good outcome (0.778 ng/ml:0.094 ng/ml,P ＜0.01).Enhanced PCT level presented a close correlation with the poor outcome (r =0.657,P ＜0.01).Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.879 [95％ CI (0.757,1.000)].A cutoff value of 0.2 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 100％ and a specificity of 72.2％.Once the PCT level was superior to 4.7 ng/ml,none of the patients regained consciousness.Conclusion PCT is a simple and effective method for prediction of the outcome after severe TBI.