Objective To investigate CT and MRI findings of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor (PHNET) and the correlation with the pathology.Methods 14 patients with pathologically confirmed PHNET were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients underwent CT and 9 patients underwent MR.The CT and MRI findings were analyzed and the correlation with pathology was evaluated.Results Single lesion was found in 8 cases, and multiple nodular lesions in 5 cases, diffuse nodular lesions of the liver in 1 case.The lesions showed low density on CT images in all patients, and liquid-liquid level was visible in 1 lesion associated with internal bleeding.Contrast-enhanced CT in arterial-phase phase showed nodular or marginal ring enhancement in 13 cases, diffuse enhancement in 1 case, and in portal venous and delayed phases the enhancement of lesion subsequently decreased, compared with surrounding liver parenchyma.MRI showed hypointensity on T1WI and hyperintensity on T2WI, intralesional hemorrhage appeared as hyperintensity on T1WI and hypointensity on T2WI, and the enhancement pattern of MRI was similar to that of CT.With the increase of pathology grade,G1 presented as a single solid nodule,G2 as solid or cystic-solid nodules, and G3 as diffuse nodules or intrahepatic metastasis was found.The lesions showed hyperintensity on DWI.Conclusion CT and MRI can show characteristic appearances of PHNET and its certain histological characteristics.

Six nucleosides and base components in Four products of Mycelia of cultivated Cordyceps were determined. The comparison of extraction solvents and recovery test of the adenosine components were emphasized. The effective extraction-rate by water,as an extraction solvent, was higher than that by 50% alcohol. The addition of 0. 1% sodium azide into water could not only preserve putrefaction,but also make a contribution to the stability of nucleoside components in the liquid sample. When the extraction was carried out by ultrasonic at room temperature,the recovery rate of the added sample was 99. 8%.

Objective To investigate effect of different anesthesia on cesarean section perioperative coagula-tion function and D -dimer,to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods 120 cases of cesarean section patients were selected,according to the anesthesia they were divided into observation group and control group.Obser-vation group (70 cases) used combined spinal epidural anesthesia,the control group(50 cases) used epidural anes-thesia.The prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),thrombin time (TT),fiber clinical indicators fibrinogen (Fbg),DD,analgesia and its complications were compared between the two groups.Results Before surgery,PT,APTT,TT,Fbg had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P >0.05).6h, 24h after operation, PT,APTT,TT of the observation group were (13.23 ±1.86) s,(31.18 ±5.94) s,(15.52 ± 2.55)s;(12.85 ±1.94)s,(29.74 ±5.52)s,(14.68 ±3.15)s,which were lower than the control group,the differ-ences were statistically significant (t =3.294,4.546,4.143,3.656,3.435,3.115,all P <0.05).6h after operation, Fbg of the observation group was (3.17 ±0.48)g/L,which was lower than the control group,the difference was statis-tically significant (t =3.656,P <0.05);D -D of the observation group before surgery,immediately after surgery,24h after surgery were (0.28 ±0.04)mg/L,0.04mg/L,(0.33 ±0.07)mg/L,(0.33 ±0.07)mg/L,compared with the control group had no statistically significant differences (P >0.05).In the observation group,the incidence rates of pain level 2,3 were 41.43%,30.00%,compared to the control group showed no significant difference (P >0.05). Deep vein thrombosis was not found in the observation group,the control group confirmed one case of femoral vein thrombosis,the incidence of venous thrombosis in the two groups showed no significant difference ( P >0.05). Conclusion Combined spinal epidural anesthesia,epidural anesthesia can both prevent cesarean section patients from perioperative hypercoagulable state,reduce the incidence of thrombotic complications,epidural anesthesia is the preferred method.

Objective To investigate different fentanyl medication methods on propofol intravenous anesthe-sia painless abortion,to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods 1 20 patients undergoing painless abor-tion were selected,according to the random number table they were divided into Ciliao point group,subcutaneous group,intravenous injection group,40 cases in each group.Intravenous injection group used intravenous anesthetic propofol,Ciliao point group used Ciliao hole injection anesthesia,subcutaneous group used fentanyl anesthesia subcu-taneous injection.The anesthesia,analgesia and other clinical indicators of complications were compared among the three groups.Results The anesthesia excellent and good rate of Ciliao point group was 97.50%,which was higher than the subcutaneous group,intravenous injection group,the differences were significant(χ2 =4.1 32,3.894,all P <0.05).MAP,HR,SpO2 among three groups showed no statistical differences (P >0.05).Postoperative 4h,8h,VAS scores of Ciliao point group were (2.32 ±0.56)points,(1 .1 3 ±0.23)points,which were lower than those in the subcutaneous group,intravenous injection group,the differences were significant (t =8.656,8.843,6.587,6.335,all P <0.05).The propofol use times,the amount of Ciliao point group were (1 .1 4 ±0.1 4),(1 1 6.37 ±1 4.35)mg respectively,which were less than those in the subcutaneous group,intravenous injection group,the differences were significant (t =6.645,5.587,6.1 32,5.854,all P <0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reaction of Ciliao point group was 2.50%,which of the subcutaneous group was 20.00%,which of the intravenous group was 25.00%,the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =6.596,7.454,all P <0.05).Conclusion Fentanyl uased at Ciliao point can enhance the clinical effect of anesthesia with less postoperative pain and reduce incidence of adverse reac-tions,it is worthy of clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of parathyroid hormone and estrogen on alveolar bone metabolism of castrated female rats.

METHODSSixty-six female Wistar rats which were healthy and 4 months old were divided into two groups, with group SHAM (n = 18) and group ovariectomy (OVX) (n = 48). After 8 weeks of ovariectomy, the osteoporosis model was confirmed by examing 8 ovariectomized and sham-operated rats. The rest 10 rats in group SHAM were the control group (group A). The rest 40 rats in group OVX were divided into ovariectomized group (group B), ovariectomized and treated with estrogen (group C), ovariectomized and treated with parathyroid hormone (group D), ovariectomized and treated with estrogen and parathyroid hormone (group E) at random with 10 in each group. Group A and B injected physiological saline (1 mL x kg(-1)), group C injected estradiol benzoate (10 microg x kg(-1)), group D injected parathyroid hormone (20 microg x kg(-1)), group E injected parathyroid hormone (20 microg x kg(-1)) and estradiol benzoate (10 microg x kg(-1)). The intraperitoneal injection were maken every other day to rats in each group, which continued for 8 weeks. The bone mineral density (BMD), bone histomorphology and serum Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured after therapy.

RESULTSAfter 8 weeks of ovariectomy, the lumbar BMD of ovariectomized rats were significantly declined compared with those of the sham-operated rats (P < 0.05). Eight weeks later after the drug use, the BMD, %Tb.Ar, Tb.Th, Tb.N in group C, D, E were slightly elevated compared to group B, especially the group E (P < 0.05). Serum calcium and phosphorus values did not change significantly (P > 0.05). ALP values in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIntermittent application of parathyroid hormone in small doses can increase alveolar BMD of castration rats and improve their bone structure. And it can have synergy effects on the treatment of osteoporosis if it is used combining with estrogen.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Bone Density ; Estradiol ; analogs & derivatives ; Estrogens ; Female ; Osteoporosis ; Ovariectomy ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUND: Nanotechnology has widely used in tissue engineered reconstruction in recent years. Most reports are concerning carbon nanomaterials in bone reparation, but the study of peripheral nerve regeneration is poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of chitosan/collagen composite nerve conduit with functionalized carbon nanotubes, in addition, to investigate the therapeutic effect of this novel material.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The same body controlled experiment of animals was performed at the Tissue Engineering Laboratory and The Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University from February 2005 to November 2006.MATERIALS: The carbon nanotubes were mixed with 2% chitosan solution, coated on the die to prepare chitosan/collagen composite nerve conduit with functionalized carbon nanotubes. The chitosan/collagen tubes were served as controls.METHODS: A total of 80 male adult-rats were prepared a 4 mm accessory nerve defects models, and repaired by nerve conduit in the experimental material and control material groups. In the auto nerve grafts group, the removed nerve was connected to the broken end. In the blank control group, there was no other treatment except removing 2 mm nerves. The left sides were served as experimental sides and the right sides as within-subject controls.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The repairing outcomes were measured by electrophysiological, myophysiological, and histological measurements.RESULTS: The accessory nerve defects were repaired in a rat model using carbon nanotubes in chitosan/collagen-based composite nerve conduit. As time passed after the surgery, good results of the electrophysiological, myophysiological and histological measurements were achieved, which were similar or superior to those of the nerve autografts.CONCLUSION: The carbon nanotubes in chitosan/collagen-based composite can be an ideal candidate for peripheral nerve regeneration.

Objective To detect the levels of retinol binding protein(RBP)and adiponectin during the second trimester in the serum of women in normal pregnancy and women who subsequently develop gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM )and to evaluate their role in predicting GDM .Methods A case‐control study was performed to detect and compare the levels of RBP and adiponec‐tin between women who subsequently develop GDM (n= 88)and normal control from 16 to 20 pregnancy weeks (n= 88) . Results Maternal serum RBP levels and the RBP/adiponectin ratio were significantly higher in GDM women than that in normal controls(P<0 .01) .The levels of maternal serum adiponectin were significantly lower in GDM women than that in normal controls (P<0 .01) .The levels of RBP≥30 .45 mg/L ,adiponectin≤9 .93 mg/L and the ratio of RBP/adiponetin≥3 .18 as early markers for predicating development of GDM ,their sensitivities were 63 .6% ,80 .7% and 81 .8% ,and specificities were 75 .0% ,65 .1% and 79 .7% ,respectively .Conclusion The combination of RBP and adiponetin as early marker for predicating development of GDM from 16 to 20 pregnancy weeks was more valuable than single use of them .

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of the levels of serum lipid on the prognosis of patients with severe heart failure.MethodsThe clinical data of 149 patients with severe heart failure was analyzed retrospectively,the levels of serun lipid were compared among different causes and different NYHA cardiac functional grading patients.And the prognosis was compared between low-serum lipid and non-low-serum lipid patients.Results There were significant differences in the levels of total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),albumin (ALB) among different NYHA cardiac functional grading (P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in triacylglycerol (TG) among different NYHA cardiac functional grading(P ＞ 0.05 ).The levels of TC,HDL-C,LDL-C in dilated cardiomyopathy and rheumatic heart disease were lower than those in coronary heart disease combined with hypertension and ischemic cardiomyopathy,there were significant differences (P ＜0.05).Followed up for 2 years,the mortality,deteriorated frequency,hospitalization frequency more than 2 times a year and hospitalization time more than 1 month in low-serum lipid patients [29.0％ (9/31 ),25.8％ ( 8/31 ),48.4％ ( 15/31 ),61.3％ ( 19/31)]were higher than those in non-low-serum lipid patients [9.3 ％ ( 11/118 ),9.3％ ( 11/118 ),17.8％ (21/118 ),24.6％ (29/118 )],and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜0.05).Conclusions For patients with severe heart failure,NYHA cardiac functional grading has significantly negative correlation with their serum lipid levels.Lower serum lipid levels will seriously affect the prognosis of patients.

Objective To study the effects of community-based rehabilitation on cerebral apoplexy patients with cognitive disorders.Methods 30 cases of cerebral apoplexy patients were enrolled according to relevant standards,who were given standard rehabihtation care in Community Health Service Center(training group) ,while another 30 similar cases from subordinate health service stations (control group) given only rehabilitation guidance once a week.Two groups were not do professional cognitive training.All patients were assessed with Mini Mental State Examination( MMSE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and modified Bathel index rating scale(MBI) to evaluate their cognition ,movement function and activity of daily living(ADL) before training as well as after 4-week and 8-week training.Results There was no signficant difference in cognition,movement functions and ADL between training group and control group before treatment(P>0.05).The differences in the assessment of Brounnstrom scale and MBI between two groups after 4-week training were not significant( P > 0.05 ).The scores of Fugl-Meyer scale, MMSE and Barthel index of the training group after 8-week training were significantly higher than those of control group( all P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Community-based rehabilitation training could improve the movement functions and ADL,and cognitive functions of cerebral apoplexy patients.

Objective To explore the efficacy of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) in the treatment of heart failure patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods Ninety-six CHD patients with heart failure were divided into observation group (48 cases) and control group (48 cases) by random digits table,and rhBNP was used in observation group and nitroglycerin was used in control group.The efficacy,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and urine output in two groups were observed.Results The total effective rate in observation group was 93.75％ (45/48),and 81.25％ (39/48) in control group,there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).LVEF and urine output after treatment were better than those before treatment [observation group:(57.7 ± 3.9)％ vs. (32.5 ± 3.1 )％,(70.5 ± 31.1 ) ml/h vs.(34.5 ± 13.7) ml/h;control group:(52.2 ± 3.3)％ vs.(33.4 ± 2.9)％,(53.6 ± 23.4) ml/h vs.(33.8 ± 13.4)ml/h,P ＜ 0.05 ].After treatment,LVEF and urine output in observation group were higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05 ).Incidence of adverse reaction in observation group was lower than that in control group [ 18.75％ (9/48) vs.35.42％ ( 17/48),P ＜ 0.05 ].Conclusion rhBNP has curative effect and small adverse reactions on CHD patients with heart failure,and can significantly improve the patients' general condition.