Objective To explore the role of prevention and treatment of Yishentongfei decoction in COPD by measuring the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue.Methods 36 male Wistar rats of rat model with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was established by exposure to cigarette smoke daily for 30 days and injection of LPS in trachea twice.The rats were randomly separated into three groups,the normal group,the model group and the treatment group.Total cell counts and neutrophil counts in BALF were examined.The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue was measured by means of immunohistochemistry(SP).Lung tissue section stained by HE was observed to study the morphological alternations.Result The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue of the model rats significantly increased compared with the normal rats(P

The pathological presentation of Alzheimer disease (AD), the leading cause of senile dementia, involves regionalized neuronal death and an accumulation of intraneuronal and extracellular filaments termed neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, respectively. One of the ?-amyloid peptides (A?), the A?1-42 form, is primarily responsible for neuronal damage and cell death that is the main component in the senile plaques. Over the past twenty years, the amyloid hypothesis has been strongly supported by a wealth of evidence, including data from genetic studies of Alzheimer disease. Amyloid cascade hypothesis states that the accumulation and deposition of fibrillar A? is the primary driver of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline leading to dementia. AD is a clinicopathological syndrome in which different gene defects can lead--directly or indirectly--to alter APP expression or proteolytic processing as such to change A? stability or aggregation. These result in a chronic imbalance between A? production and clearance. Gradual accumulation of aggregated A? initiates a complex, multistep cascade that includes gliosis, inflammatory changes, neuritic/synaptic change, tangles and transmitter loss. The evidence that links A? to the pathogenesis of AD is substantial, but the means by which these peptides exert their toxic effects, and where in neuronal cells they act, is far from clear. The up-to-date proceeding in the molecular mechanism of ?-amyloid peptides is overviewed.

AIM To study the pharmacokinetics of SJ SPM. METHOD The pharmacokinetics of SJ SPM was studied after oral doses in dog and in rat, compared with the pharmacokinetics of ASPM. Rat orally administed 40 mg?kg -1 SJ SPM, 72 h urine and bile recoveries were studied. Blood,urine and bile concentrations were tested with agar diffusion method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p87 program in computer. RESULTS The plasma drug concentration time data for each subject were analyzed and fitted with a linear two compartment model. Following oral doses of 30,20,10 mg?kg -1 SJ SPM in dog, drug is rapidly and widely distributed throughout the body and lag time are 18～30 min; T max 1 43～2 44 h; C max 1 02～2 94 ?g?ml -1 ; T 1/2? 0 48～1 81 h; T 1/2? 8 40～10 52 h; Oral doses of 30,20,10 mg?kg -1 SJ SPM in dog and 120,80,40 mg?kg -1 in rat resulted in linear increase in the peak serum levels and areas under the serum concentration time curve. The MRT of SJ SPM,ASPM in rat and dog did not change significantly with an increase in oral dosage. Under the same conditions, the pharmacokinetics of ASPM was studied in dog, Oral doses of 30,20,10 mg?kg -1 ASPM in dog, lag time are 0 37～0 44 h; C max 0 87～3 34 ?g?ml -1 ; T max 1 49～2 26 h; T 1/2? 0 59～1 17 h; T 1/2? 7 42～12 04 h; MRT 7 56 h; AUC 7 65, 17 44, 26 25 ?g?ml -1 ?h -1 respectively. Following oral doses of 120,80,40 mg?kg -1 SJ SPM in rat, T max 1 57～2 45 h; C max 0 39～3 14 ?g?ml -1 ; T 1/2? 1 36～1 77 h; T 1/2? 15 63～20 64 h;MRT 13 0 h; AUC 8 44,16 54,37 58 ?g?ml -1 ?h -1 .Rat orally administered 40 mg?kg -1 SJ SPM, 72 h urine and bile recoveries are 2 18% and 4 70% respectively. CONCLUSION There are no significantal difference between SJ SPM and ASPM statistic.

ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical result of the proximal femoral shaft splitting at sagittal view in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in treatment of ultimate hip disease combined with femoral metaphyseal stenosis deformity.MethodsA retrospective study was done on 18 patients with proximal femoral deformity (22 hips including 14 patients with unilateral hips and 4 with bilateral hips)treated from January 2000 to December 2009.There were three males and 15 females, at age range of 41-75 years (average 54 years).According to Berry classification system, all patients were indentified as metaphyseal segment abnormality and deformity, including developmental type disease (congenital hip dysplasia) in 17 patients and old tuberculosis of the hip in one.The congenital hip dysplasia was diagnosed as type Ⅳ by using the Crowe classification system.All the patients were treated with the proximal femoral shaft splitting, subtrochanteric shortening with overlapping femoral resection and V-shaped derotational osteotomy.In the meantime, standard biological fixation of the femoral stem prosthesis was performed.ResultsThere found no dislocation, infection, lower extremity nerve stretch injury or uncontrolled proximal femur fractures.X-ray showed that all acetabular cups were placed at the anatomical position and that the initial femoral stem prosthesis fixation was rated as good.All osteotomy areas were healed within 3-6 months.Limb length discrepancy was restored to average 3 cm after surgery.The patients were followed up for 1-10 years (average six years), which showed that the average Harris hip score was improved from preoperative 30 to postoperative 93, with no aseptic loosening or osteolysis or radiolucent line around the femoral component, no prosthesis sinking or varus displacement, or no patients needing revision of the femoral component.ConclusionsThe proximal femoral shaft splitting at sagittal view and standard biological fixation of the femoral stem prosthesis can attain satisfactory result for patients with ultimate hip disease combined with femoral metaphyseal stenosis deformity.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence,anatomic features of right superior septal artery (RSSA) with 256-slice MSCT.Methods A retrospective analysis of coronary artery computed tomography angiography with 256-slice CT was performed in 1 646 consecutive patients.Multi-planar reconstruction (MPR),maximum intensity projection (MIP) images on coronal and sagittal planes,and three-dimensional volume rendering (VR) reconstruction images were obtained and used for the evaluation of the anatomic features of the RSSA.The images were transferred to EBW4.52 workstation to trace the vessel and to analyze the origin,diameter,and length of the RSSA.Student's t test was performed to compare the differences in the length and diameter of the RSSA between patients with different coronary artery distribution dominant types,different genders.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences in the length and diameter of the RSSA among patients with and without coronary artery stenosis.Results The RSSA was present in 130 (7.9％) of 1 646 patients.The origin of RSSA was from the proximal portion of the right coronary artery in 104 patients,from the right sinus of valsalva in 26 patients.The artery co-existed with the conus artery in 22(16.9％) of 130 patients.The mean length of RSSA was (31.7±15.6) mm (range from 8.9 to 70.7 mm),and the mean diameter was (1.0±0.4) mm (range from 0.2 to 2.5 mm).The average length and diameter of RSSA in men were (33.5±15.7) and (1.0±0.4) mm,respectively; The average length and diameter of RSSA in women were (24.5 ± 13.0) and (0.9 ±0.4) mm,respectively.There was a significant difference in RSSA length between men and women (t=2.718,P=0.007),but there was no significant difference in the RSSA diameter between men and women (t=1.134,P=0.259).There was no significant differencein RSSA length and diameter between different coronary artery distribution dominant types (t=-0.219 and-0.080 respectively,P＞ 0.05).In the patients with left anterior descending artery (LAD) and right coronary artery (RCA) stenosis,the mean length and diameter of RSSA were (38.9±17.9),(1.1 ±0.4) mm,respectively.In the patients without LAD and RCA stenosis,the mean length and diameter of RSSA were (28.9±14.4),(0.9± 0.4) mm,respectively.Patients with coronary artery stenosis tended to have longer RSSAs in comparison to those without coronary artery stenosis (P＜0.05).Conclusions RSSA variantions can evaluated with a cardiac 256-slice MSCT scan.The recognition of this vessel is useful for physians dealing with diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease.

Objective To report our usage of a combined flap which is constituted of bilateral hallux nails, skins, bones to reconstruct a finger, and to introduce the method and outcome of this way. Methods Combine two halves of halluxes harvested from both feet to reform a fabricated finger and then transplant it to the finger stump to reconstruct the defect part of the finger. Plantar flaps or some other flaps near the donor sites were transposed to cover them. From June 2003 to June 2009, a total of 20 fingers (20 cases) which had defect degrees range from I to Ⅲunderwent reconstruction surgeries in this way. Results All the 20 fingers transplanted survived completely. Follow-ups 1 to 5 years after each surgery: all the fabricated fingers had very realistic configurations. The MP joints of the reconstructed thrumbs got to the normal range of motion, and the other reconstructed fingers' total ROM were 203 degree on average. All the reconstructed fingers had the sensation function above S3,and their two-point discriminations ranged from 6mm to 10mm. Both halluxes of each case were conserved major parts of nails and had nice, symmetric appearances. All the flaps for the donor halluxes survived completely, and none of the cases showed pains, ulcers or abrasions of their feet. All the cases showed normal gaits during follow-ups. Conclusion The combined flap by bilateral hallux nails, skins, bones is an ideal alteration for finger defect reconstruction for the important advantages of realistic configuration as well as minor destructions to donor sites.

Objective To establish the pyrogen removing effect of activated carbon in the technics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections. Methods The content of bacterial endotoxin concentration was detected by kinetic turdimetric assay to evaluate the effect of removing pyrogen before and after using activated carbon in concentrated solution of TCM injection. Results The activated carbon adsorption rate of Shuanghuanglian concentrated solution≥70%and the activated carbon adsorption rate of Danshen concentrated solution>95%. Conclusion Pyrogen manufacturing process is scientific and rational by adding activated carbon adsorption in powder injection of TCM. The bacterial endotoxin of large doses can't be removed fully by activated carbon adsorption.

Objective To investigate the effects of echocardiography-guided pacemaker parameters optimization in order to enhance the efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT).Methods Seventeen patients with chronic heart failure received biventricular resynchronous pacing therapy.A-V delay and V-V delay was optimized under the guiding of spectral Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging.Results The indices of heart function in all patients were significantly improved after the treatment.The NYHA class of the patients was improved from class Ⅲ～Ⅳ to class Ⅱ～Ⅲ.Since PAV/SAV was optimized to 130-180/100-150 ms,left ventricular filling time(LVFT) was increased from (354±147)ms to (420±112)ms,mitral reflux (MR) was decreased from (8.41±4.55)cm2 to (5.36±4.71)cm2.After VV delay was optimized to 4-40ms,standard deviation of time to regional peak systolic velocity (Ts-SD-12) was decreased from (48.4±17.9)ms to (30.2±18.6)ms,left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral(VTI LVOT) was increased from (20.6±9.0)cm/s to (26.1±3.1)cm/s.Conclusions Echocardiography-guided optimization of the pacemaker parameters is necessary in order to enhance the efficacy of CRT.

To explore the effects of long-term treatment of different dietary energy levels on ovarian expression of mRNAs for LHR and FSHR,the present study was performed in nine growth-matched littermate crossbred (Land-race×Large White X Duroc) prepubertal gilts. At approximately 30 kg of body weight and 50 day of age,gilts were housed with individual feeding stalls and placed on a normal level of feeding for 90 days (dl-90) with free ac-cess to water and food throughout the whole research. From d91 ,littermates were divided and randomly assigned to one of the following three treatment lines for 3 weeks till d112:Group H,Group M, and Group L, fed the high energy level diet (n = 3, digestible energy 14.87 MJ/kg), moderate energy level diet (n = 3, digestible energy 12.39 MJ/ kg), and low energy level diet (n = 3, digestible energy 9.98 MJ/kg), respectively. When gilts were slaughtered on d112 after 3 weeks energy treatment, both ovaries of every gilts were collected,snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and re-tained at -80℃ for use to determine and analysis the relative amount of ovarian LHR and FSHR mRNAs using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that the effect of dietary energy treatment was notable: the ovarian ex-pression of mRNAs for LHR and FSHR was significantly higher (P<0.05) in gilts treated with high energy diet compared to gilts treated with moderate and low energy diets, while gilts treated with low energy diet had a signifi-cantly lower (P<0.05) ovarian LHR and FSHR expression compared with gilts treated with moderate and high en-ergy diets. These results revealed that ovarian expression of I.HR and FSHR in prepubertal gilts increased as the lev-el of dietary energy intake elevated,i, e. , high energy diet can markedly enhance ovarian expression of mRNAs for LHR and FSHR,whereas energy deficit markedly suppress the expression.

Objective To investigate periprosthetic femoral shaft remodeling with tapered femoral stems after total hip arthroplasty (THA) for elderly patients and evaluate the mid-term clinical outcomes.Methods The study involved 30 elderly (70-90 years) patients (34 hips) treated with femoral shaft remodeling with tapered stems after THA from January 2003 to January 2005. The postoperative X-ray images were collected and perioperative periprosthetic bone mineral density was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The Harris score was applied in follow-up observation, and Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the working life of the femoral prosthesis. Results Four patients were died of lung cancer. The remaining 26 patients ( 30 hips) were followed up for 5-7 years ( mean, six years). The postoperative X-ray measurements showed that total hip prosthesis subsidences were less than 1.5 mm within one year in 12 hips, with no prosthesis loosening observed. Bone proliferations were seen in Gruen zones 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11 and 12, and bone resorptions were seen in zones l and 7. DEXA showed that bone mineral density was increased in Gruen zones 2,3,4 and 5, but decreased mainly in Gruen zones 1,6 and 7. The increase of bone mineral density in zones 2 and 5 was faster compared to other sites six months after the operation ( P ＜ 0.05 ) and the change of bone mineral density was prone to be stable in two years ( P ＞ 0.05 ). Within one year after initial implantation, periprosthetic bone mineral density was significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Two years after the operation, rare changes of periprosthetic bone mineral density were found ( P ＞ 0.05 ), with only regional redistribution of bone mass from the proximal to the distal femur. The Harris score of hip joint function was increased from preoperative 38.56 ± 8.21 to 86.32 ± 6. 01 at the final follow-up. The 6-year survival rate of the prosthesis was 100%. Conclusion Femoral shaft remodeling with tapered stems after total hip arthroplasty for the elderly patients shows good periprosthetic bone remodeling and satisfactory mid-term clinical results.