OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34 [rhPTH(1-34)] on bone regeneration rabbit mandible during distraction osteogenesis (DO).

METHODS40 Japanese white rabbit (weight 2.0-2.5 kg) were randomly divided into control group and groups. The experimental groups were divided inito 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/kg group according to the dosage of rhPTH (1-34) in each group. Each group involved 10 rabbits, and unilateral DO models were established at the right mandible of the rabbits. From the first day of distraction to the day of execution, the rabbits in the experimental groups were injected subcutaneously rhPTH (1-34) of the corresponding dose respectively, and the rabbits in the control group were injected subcutaneously 2% heat inactivated rabbit serum 1 ml respectively.. Five rabbits in each group were executed respectively at 1 week and 3 weeks after completion of distraction, and the specimens of DO were harvested. The gross observation, X-ray examination, and histological study were performed.

RESULTSGross appearance: At the first week of consolidation, the dense and opaque white tissue was seen in the distraction gap of the 50 µg/kg group, and the white translucent tissue was seen in the distraction gaps of the rest groups. At the third week of consolidation, the greyish white tissue was seen in the distraction gap of the control group, while the cartilage-like tissue was seen in the buccal side of the distraction gap of the 12.5 µg/kg group, the color of new-formed tissues was close to that of normal bone tissue in the lingual side. The buccal tissue at the edge of the distraction gap of the 25 µg/kg group fitted together with the primary bone tissue in its two sides. It was difficult to distinguish the boundaries between the distraction gap and the bone tissues in its two sides in the 50 µg/kg group. X-ray findings: At the first week of consolidation, a sparse opaque image was seen in the distraction gap of the 50 µg/kg group, and a low-density image was seen in the distraction gap of the rest groups. At the third week of consolidation, a sparse bone image was seen in the control group, and the edge of the bone was not continuous. With the increase of the dose in the experimental groups, the image of the distraction gap became more and more opaque, and the image of the distraction gap in the 50 µg/kg group was close to that of the normal bone tissue. HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS: At the first week of consolidation, few osteoblasts were present at the edge of the distraction gap of the control group. A large number of bone cells and bone trabecular were present in the distraction gap of the 12.5 µg/kg group, the network of the bone trabecula was present in the 25 µg/kg group, and a few new bones were found in the 50 µg/kg group. At the third week of consolidation, the network of the trabecular bone was present in the distraction gap of the control group, while the network of the bone trabecula was present in the 12.5 µg/kg group, a lot of bone-like tissues in the 25 µg/kg group, and near-mature bone in the 50 µg/kg group.

CONCLUSIONSrhPTH(1-34) can promote the formation of new bone in the distracted gap during mandibular DO in rabbits.

Animals ; Bone Density ; Bone Regeneration ; drug effects ; physiology ; Humans ; Mandible ; drug effects ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Parathyroid Hormone ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the changes of bone metabolic markers during early stage of preterm infants, as well as the relationship with their nutrition status. Methods Preterm infants with gestational age 30-35 weeks admitted to our Hospital were collected from November 2012 to April 2013. Venous blood samples obtained within 24 hours after birth and between 8:00-9:00 AM two weeks after birth were used to determine the Serum β-CTx, osteocalcin ( OC) and propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) levels by Electro-Chemiluminescence. Analysis of changes of these bone metabolic markers and their relationship with early stage nutrition related indicators were also performed. Results A total of 60 premature infants were collected. There was no significant correlation among serum β-CTx, OC and PINP within 24 hours after birth ( r=0. 170, P＞0. 05 ) . The Serum β-CTx within 24 hours after birth was negatively correlated with gestational age (r= -0. 603, P＜0. 05), whereas the serum OC within 24 hours after birth was positively correlated with gestational age ( r=0. 581, P＜0. 05 ) . However, PINP wasn′t correlated with gestational age significantly (r=0. 134,P＞0. 05). Serumβ-CTx, OC and PINP at 2 weeks after birth increased significantly from the baseline level detected within 24 hours after birth ( P＜0. 05 ) .Δβ-CTx was positively correlated with ΔOC (r=0. 600,P＜0. 05). There was no significant correlation between ΔPINP and Δβ-CTx (r=0. 045,P＞0. 05), as well as ΔOC and ΔPINP (r=0. 110,P＞0. 05).ΔOC was positively correlated with average daily calorie ( P＜0. 05 ) and average daily P/E ( P＜0. 05 ) , negatively correlated with cumulative loss of caloric ( P＜0. 05 ) . There was no significant correlation between Δβ-CTx or ΔPINP with nutrition related indicators of this study. Conclusions Serum OC within 24 hours after birth of preterm infants and their gestational age are positively correlated, while β-CTx detected at the same time and gestational age are negatively correlated. Vigorous metabolism of premature bone occurs during the first two weeks after birth, as the serum β-CTx, OC and PINP levels increased significantly. We suggest that reasonable calorie intake and appropriate protein calorie ratio at early stage after birth is very important for the development of bone of preterm infants.

6cm,the recrudescenc rates when factors were male,mild or moderate malignant,stage of Dukes C,distance from tumor to anus 4～6cm were significantly higher(?2=4.53,P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of preoperative femoral nerve block on preemptive analgesia in the elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia.Methods Sixty ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 65-75 yr,scheduled for elective total knee arthroplasty,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group Ⅰ),preoperative femoral nerve block group (group Ⅱ) and postoperative femoral nerve block group (group Ⅲ).Single-injection femoral nerve block was performed with 0.375％ ropivacaine 20 ml injected around the nerve under thc guidance of ultrasound immediately before induction of anesthesia and at the end of surgery in Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups,respectively.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with sufentanil (background infusion 2 ml/h,bolus dose 2 ml,lockout interval 15 min) was used until 2 days after surgery,and VAS score was maintained ≤ 3.When VAS score＞3,flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg was injected intravenously as rescue medication.The consumption of sufentanil per hour,requirement for rescue medication,and development of adverse reactions were recorded within 24 h after surgery.Sufentanil-sparing degree was calculated.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the consumption of sufentanil per hour,requirement for rescue medication and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased within 24 h after surgery in Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups.The consumption of sufentanil per hour,requirement for rescue medication and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly lower within 24 h after surgery in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅲ.The consumption of sufentanil per hour was decreased by 35％ in group Ⅱ as compared with group Ⅰ,and decreased by 18％ in group Ⅱ as compared with group Ⅲ.Conclusion Preoperative femoral nerve block can provide good preemptive analgesia in the elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia.

Objective To analyze the clinical feature and pathological characteristics of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) coexisted with oral leukoplakia (OLK) or oral lichen planus (OLP),and summarize both the common and each clinical and pathological characteristics of two kinds of diseases.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 74 patients with OSF coexisted with OLK and 57patients with OSF coexisted with OLP were retrospectively reviewed.Results Most of patients with OSF coexisted with OLK or OLP were mainly young and middle-aged male patients,and all had the habit of eating betel quid chewing.Most of them had the habit of smoking and alcohol drinking; while their limitation of mouth opening were not obvious.Patients coexisted with unilateral OLK or OLP all had a unilateral mastication of chewing betel nut;the prevalence rate of erosive OLP was lower in the patients with OSF coexisted OLP than that of OLP patients never chew betel nut.The pathology of both OSF coexisted with OLK or OLP was with the respective characteristics of OLK or OLP on the basis of OSF,and the epithelium was thickened more than atrophic.No relationship was found between the degree of epithelial hyperplasia and the severity of fibrosis in patients with OSF coexisted with OLK.Conclusions OSF coexisted with OLK and OSF coexisted with OLP were the occurrence of OLK or OLP on the basis of OSF,which were not a simple superposition of two diseases,but combination with their own characteristics of OSF coexisted with OLK or OLP.

Objective To investigate the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and P63 protein in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their relationship with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC. Methods Seventy-eight paraffin-embedded specimens of NSCLC from 1998-2005 were collected in this study. Inclusion criteria included no chemotherapy or radiotherapy before operation. Pathological diagnosis was made after operation: 43 squamous carcinoma and 35 adenocarcinoma, 45 with lymph node metastasis and 33 without, 13 in stage Ⅰ, 19 in stage Ⅱ, 28 in stage Ⅲ and 18 in stage Ⅳ. The expressions of EGFR, COX-2 and P63 were determined by immunohistochemical staining (S-P). Results The expression rates of EGFR, COX-2 and P63 were 65.4% (51/78), 61.5% (48/78) and 56.4% (44/78) respectively in 78 cases of NSCLC. Significant difference in the expressions of COX-2 and P63 was found between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (P0.05). The positive rate of EGFR and COX-2 protein expressions in NSCLC of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and NSCLC with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and NSCLC without lymph node metastasis (P0.05). Conclusion Over-expressions of EGFR and COX-2 may play an important role in invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. COX-2 and P63 may be valuable markers in differentiating pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma from pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Background and purpose:Pain is one of the most common symptoms in advanced cancer patients, and morphine is a representative drug in controlling moderate to severe cancer-induced pain, but some unacceptable adverse effects limited its use in part of patients.We evaluated the effect and safety of morphine sulfate controlled-release tablet (MS-CRT) combined with celecoxib for the treatment of moderate to severe cancer pain, and assessed the life quality of patients. Methods:Retrospective analysis of 125 cancer patients with moderate to severe cancer pain who were divided into two groups, one(including 67 patients) was treated by single drug of MSCRT whose initial dosage was 20 mg/12 hrs, then evaluated by verbal rating scale within 24 to 48 hrs, dosage was adjusted personally according to the state of pain (increasing rate was 50% and declining rate was 25%) until the maintenance dosage was reached; the other(including 58 patients) was treated by MS-CRT with the same initial dosage and combined with celecoxib whose dosage was 200 mg/12 hrs at first, and increased to 400 mg/12 hrs if the pain was not relieved well, then gradually increased the dosage of MS-CRT to the maintenance dosage, and analyzed the effect, dose adjustment,side effect of drug combination and improvement of quality of life for the patients. Results:The mean of maintenance dosage for MS-CRT alone was 67.3 mg/day, and for the combination of MS-CRT and celecoxib was 51.3 mg/day, the reduction rate of MS-CRT in the drug combination group compared with MS-CRT alone was 23.77% with the same analgesia effect, and the incidence of side effects such as constipation and nausea/vomiting was statistically reduced compared with the single drug group. The quality of life in both groups was improved aftertreatment. Conclusion:The combination of MS-CRT and celecoxib can effectively control moderate to severe cancer pain, , improve the quality of life in advanced cancer patients, and reduce the consumption of MS-CRT with similar side effects as morphine alone.

An economic and facilely prepared dopamine ( DA) sensor have been successfully fabricated by the electrodeposition of copper on single-walled carbon nanotubes ( SWNTs )/Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode. The morphology of the material was observed by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and element composition of the material was investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ( EDX ) . Tests with various scan rates and pH conditions indicated that an adsorption-controlled process occured in the electrochemical system. The mechanism of the electrode reaction of dopamine involved a two-electron process which was accompanied by a deprotonation step. Electrochemical parameters were calculated with the electron transfer number as 2 . 67 , the charge transfer coefficients as 0 . 6 , the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant as 1. 38 s-1 . Under the optimal conditions with differential pulse voltammetric measurement, the linear equation was Ipa(μA)=-0. 054c (μmol/L)-3. 82(R2=0. 9988), with linear range of 5-100 μmol/L and detection limit of 0 . 0135 μmol/L ( S/N=3 ) . The main advantages of sensor included facile fabrication approach, high sensitivity, good stability and high reproducibility. The sensor was applied to the detection of DA in volunteer urine by differential pulse voltammetry with favorable recoveries of 96 . 5%-100 . 4% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1. 2%-2. 4%.

Objective: To study the application of macroporous resin combined with membrane in the refinement of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: The extracts of single herbal drug and prescriptions were absorpted with macroporous resin, following by microfiltrated respectively, and then detected the extracts and analysized the quanity of effective components. Results: Through macroporous resin combined with membrane, the quantity of effective components could be improved significantly, and the method was very effective for refinement of traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusion: Application of macroporous resin combined with membrane has great prospect in the refinement of traditional Chinese medicine.