Objective To predict the potential distribution areas of three kinds of Stemonae Radix in China;To provide reference for the cultivation site selection of three kinds of Stemonae Radix;To reduce the confusion of Stemonae Radix medicinal materials in the selection of planting areas.Methods Totally 130 pieces of geographical distribution information of Stemona tuberosa Lour.,52 pieces of geographical distribution information of Stemona japonica(Bl.)Miq.,and 52 pieces of geographical distribution information of Stemona sessilifolia(Miq.)Miq.were combined with 91 environmental variables and 3 topographic factors.The maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model and geographic information system software ArcGIS 10.2 were used to predict the potential distribution areas of the three kinds of Stemonae Radix.Results Stemona tuberosa Lour.is mainly distributed in the southern provinces,including eastern Sichuan,western Chongqing,eastern Guangdong,southwestern Fujian,Taiwan,Hainan,southern Yunnan and the junction of Guizhou,Guangxi and Yunnan provinces.The high suitable area is about 293 983 km2,and the medium suitable area is about 519 667 km2.Stemona japonica(Bl.)Miq.is mainly distributed in the plain area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,including northwestern and eastern Zhejiang,northern Jiangxi,eastern Hubei,southern Anhui,southern Jiangsu and northern Fujian.The high suitable area is about 140 320 km2,and the medium suitable area is about 188 752 km2.Stemona sessilifolia(Miq.)Miq.is mainly distributed in the North China Plain,including northeastern Hubei,southern Henan,central Anhui,western Jiangsu and central Shandong.The high suitable area is about 198 568 km2,and the medium suitable area is about 198 626 km2.Conclusion The results have important guiding significance for the standardized cultivation of three kinds of Stemonae Radix,and also provide reference for the cultivation of Stemonae Radix.