Objective To propose an improved C-means segment method based on Gibbs random field accelerated by GPU.Methods The parallel computation of pixel shades was used to take the place of the classical point-by-point method of CPU.By this way,the efficiency was higher than merely using the CPU computation.Results The efficiency of computation was improved over 400%.The load of CPU was reduced and the effect of accelerator was obvious.Conclusion The improved C-means segment method based on Gibbs random field accelerated by GPU enhances the clinical application of image segmentation,the computer rate of which is improved distinctly and closely to real time.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(2):6-9]

The completion of human genome project and the progress in medical practice have inevitably lead to the development of precision medicine, which is a medical model that proposes the customization of medical care including medical decisions, practices, and/or medical products with patient's genetic background, environmental factors and life behavior being taken into account. The current work proposed precision stomatology for the first time, and by integrating data reported in recent literature, we described the current practice of precision stomatology in multiple disciplines in modem dentistry. The clinical significance of precision stomatology and its future challenges have also been discussed.
Dentistry ; Humans ; Oral Medicine

Objective To study the immune protective effects of liver graft on intestinal graft in simultaneous liver/small bowel transplantation. Method Rat models(Wistar to SD) of liver/small bowel transplantation(LSBTx),single liver transplantation(LTx)and single small bowel transplantation(SBTx) were established respectively. Twelve recipients from each group were used to determine survival time. Six recipients from each group were sacrificed for liver and/or small bowel biopsy at posttransplantation day 5,7 and 14,respectively. Rejections were detected by histopathology and mRNA expression of IL-2,IL-4,perforin and granzyme B in grafts by semi-quantitative reverse transcript PCR. Result The survival time of LSBTx recipients was (27.83?4.47) d,much longer than SBTx recipients (11.58?3.26) d,but was similar to LTx recipients (28.92?2.39) d. Allograft rejections of intestinal graft in LSBTx group were milder than that in STBx group,accompanied by down-regulated mRNA expression of perforin and granzyme B. Conclusion Simultaneous liver/small bowel transplantation in rats provides immune protection on intestinal graft.

Objective To investigate the values of tCho concentration in early assessment therapeutic response of tumor to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 1HMR spectroscopy. Methods Twenty patients with breast cancer were recruited. All patients underwent biopsy before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery after chemotherapy. The pathologic results before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were compared. The patients were divided into effective response group (R) and ineffective response group (IR). MRS acquisitions were performed within 1 week before chemotherapy and within 3 week after the first cycle of chemotherapy, respectively. The tCho concentration was calculated quantitatively using external standard method. The tCho concentrations before and after chemotherapy and the tumor sizes between R group and IR group were compared using t test and nonparametrie test. The values of tCho concentration in early assessment of the effectiveness of chemotherapy were analyzed by ROC. Results Of 20 cases, 16 were included in R group and 4 in IR group. In R group, significant differences of tCho concentration (t=5. 040, P < 0. 01 ) existed between before and after chemotherapy [ (4. 24 ± 3.09 ), ( 1.13 ± 1.14 ) mmol/L ], while not in I R group [ ( 3.72 ± 2. 69), ( 3.06 ± 2. 21 ) mmol/L, t = 1. 785, P > 0. 05 ]. The median sizes of tumor between R and IR group had no significant differences (0. 00,0. 00 cm, U = 23.00, W = 33.00, P = 0. 437). The area under ROC curve of tCho concentration was 0. 984. Conclusion With in vivo 1HMRS, the tChn concentration in breast cancer can serve as an indicator for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with relatively high sensitivity and specificity.

Humans ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Precision Medicine

PurposePrimary chest wall rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is very rare with limited imaging characteristic studies in the literature. This paper analyzes the CT imaging features of chest wall RMS in children to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Materials and MethodsThe imaging data of contrast enhanced CT scan of pathology conifrmed chest wall RMS in ifve children were analyzed.ResultsThe lesion was located in the anterior chest wall in one case, in the posterior chest wall in two cases, and the lateral chest wall in two cases (axillary). The tumors were round or spindle in shape with shallow spiculation. Plain CT showed heterogeneous density with patchy low-density necrotic area in two cases, and homogeneous attenuation in three patients. In all ifve cases there was no calciifcation or fatty tissue. The tumor involvement of adjacent spinal canal was seen in one case. Visceral compression was evident including lung parenchyma in one case, heart and liver in one case. Tumor blood vessel growth was seen in two cases. All ifve lesions were adjacent to the ribs, humerus, scapula and the spine with bone destruction in one case. On contrast enhanced scan, all ifve cases demonstrated heterogeneous mild to moderate enhancement, more prominent in the periphery. There were enlarged feeding arteries. Necrotic areas did not enhance. In two cases there were pulmonary metastases. Pleural effusion and ascites were identiifed in one case. There was lymph node metastasis in one case.ConclusionThe CT manifestation of children's chest wall RMS for chest wall include large soft tissue mass, heterogeneous density, no calciifcation or fatty tissue, partial necrosis, adjacent tissue compression, lymph node or distant metastasis. Combining with clinical manifestations, comprehensive analysis of contrast enhanced CT imaging can improve diagnostic accuracy.

ObjectiveTo explore the expression of CD3+ CD8+ human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2+T lymphocytes with specificity to the different hepatitis B virus (HBV) peptides in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)from the patients with hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThe HLA-A2+ PBMC from four patients with hepatitis B associated HCC were incubated with five HBV/HLA-A2 pentamers respectively,which were HBV sAg (FLLTRILTI),HBV sAg (GLSPTVWLSV),HBV sAg (WLSLLVPFV),HBV core (FLPSDFFPSV),and HBV pol (FLLSLGIHL),as well as anti-CD3-pacific blue and anti-CD8-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).Then,HBV/HLA-A2-CD3-CD8 positive cells were detected by flow cytometry. The monoclonal HBV/HLA-A2-CD3-CD8+ cells were acquired by fluorescenceactivated cell sorter,and cultured and identified by flow cytometry.The anti-HBV specific T lymphocytes were then cultured with HepG2 (HLA-A2+ ) cells and the release of interferon γ (IFN-γ)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Res(a)ltsThe percentage of antiHBV T lymphoeytes with specificity to GLSPTVWLSV in total CD8+ T lymphoeytes from four patients with hepatitis B associated HCC was 1.44％±0.04％,which was higher than those to other four HBV antigen peptides (0.68％±0.08％ of FLLTRILTI,1.06％±0.09％ of FLPSDFFPSV,0.56％ ±0.04％ of FLLSLGIHL,and 0.46％ ±0.08％ of WLSLLVPFV) (t=0.001,P＜0.05).The two lines of monoclonal cell with specificity to GLSPTVWLSV both exhibited high level of IFN-γ expression after incubated with hepatic carcinoma cell line HepG2 (HLA-A2+)with HBV GLSPTVWLSV peptide.ConclusionsCD3+ CD8+ HLA-A2+ cells with specificity to the different HBV peptides exist in PBMC of patients with hepatitis B associated HCC.The expression level depends on HBV antigen peptide sequences and genomic sites.

We propose a clinical pathway of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) based on state machine. Clinical event-driven response was utilized to control workflow execution of the AECOPD clinical pathway. By comparison with the traditional clinical pathway management, clinical numerical results showed that the proposed method was better in hospitalization days, average hospitalization expense and aberration rate, and better handled the variability in the AECOPD clinical pathway execution.

According to different epochs and development needs, a series of practices on environmental health and sanitary engineering were carried out, which played significant roles in promoting national economic and social developments and protecting the public health. This paper reviewed the main achievements in the past 70 years infields of patriotic health campaign, water sanitation and toilet improvement in rural areas, surveillance and investigation, health standard system, sanitary engineering equipment, stove improvement etc., and then proposed several prospects in the future.

According to different epochs and development needs, a series of practices on environmental health and sanitary engineering were carried out, which played significant roles in promoting national economic and social developments and protecting the public health. This paper reviewed the main achievements in the past 70 years infields of patriotic health campaign, water sanitation and toilet improvement in rural areas, surveillance and investigation, health standard system, sanitary engineering equipment, stove improvement etc., and then proposed several prospects in the future.