OBJECTIVEObserving the dynamic change characteristics of serum liver function indexes in occupational dermatitis medicamentosa-like of trichloroethylene patients with liver damage, we can underlie for guiding therapy, prognosis and mechanism of dermatitis medicamentosa-like of trichloroethylene patients with liver damage.

METHODSWe collected serum of 10 cases of occupational dermatitis medicamentosa-like of trichloro-ethylene patients with liver damage from different time points since they were hospitalized, using automatic biochemistry analyzer to detect total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin/globulin ratio etc 11 liver function biochemical indicators. We used Excel to establish database, professional drawing software gnuplot to draw dynamic variation diagram of each index.

RESULTSThe variation range of 11 liver function indexes of 10 cases was TP 43.2-74.2 g/L, ALB 24.6-44.6 g/L, A/G 0.77-2.10, TBIL 3.7-268.2 umol/L, DBIL 1.0-166.0 umol/L, IBIL 2.4 -167.5 umol/L, ALT 11-5985 U/L, AST 14-5586 U/L, GGT 15-1500 U/L, ALP 35-309 U/L, S/L 0.07-1.94, respectively. TBIL, DBIL, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP concentration significantly increased, especially ALT, AST, GGT, ALT topped 5985 U/L, AST topped 5586 U/L, GGT topped 1500 U/L. But TP, ALB and S/L significantly decreased, TP lowest to 43.2 g/L, S/L lowest to 0.07. A/G basically remained unchanged, but IBIL didn't change regularly.

CONCLUSIONThe early liver damage in dermatitis medicamentosa-like of trichloroethylene patients was serious, and repeatedly attacked, so we should lead to enough attention to the clinical work and prevention. This also provided the basis for studying the mechanism of trichloroethylene poisoning.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; blood ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Trichloroethylene ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of seawater immersion on the function of myocardium and hepatocyte mitochondria in experimental hemorrhagic shock rats.

METHODSTwenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=8 in each group): control group, HSL group (hemorrhagic shock group on land) and HSS group (hemorrhagic shock group in seawater). The hemodynamic parameters, activities of H(+)-ATPase (adenosinetriphosphatase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase, the calcium contents in myocardium and hepatocyte mitochondria were measured and the changes of proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane were analyzed.

RESULTSThe hemodynamic indexes and the activities of H+-ATPase, SDH, Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase in HSS group were significantly lower than those in control group and HSL group (P<0.05). In HSS group the calcium levels in tissue and mitochondria of myocardium and hepatocyte were elevated significantly compared with control group and HSL group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in proton translocation among three groups.

CONCLUSIONSThis investigation demonstrates that seawater immersion can aggravate the conditions of hemorrhagic shock rats.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Immersion ; Male ; Mitochondria, Heart ; enzymology ; Mitochondria, Liver ; enzymology ; Proton-Translocating ATPases ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seawater ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; enzymology ; physiopathology

PURPOSE: Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of iduronate-2 sulfatase (IdS), which is involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG). In this study, the frequency of fasting hypoglycemia in patients with MPS II was investigated and changes in accumulation of glycogen and GAG in the hepatocytes of IdS-knockout (KO) mice were evaluated before and after recombinant IdS enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma glucose levels were evaluated after an 8-hour fast in 50 patients with MPS II. The IdS-KO mice were divided into three groups (group 2; saline, group 3; 0.15 mg/kg of IdS, and group 4; 0.5 mg/kg of IdS); wild-type mice were included as controls (group 1). ERT was initiated intravenously at four weeks of age, and continued every week until 20 weeks of age. RESULTS: The mean glucose level after an 8-hour fast was 94.1 +/- 23.7 mg/dL in the patients with MPS II. Two (4%) out of 50 patients had fasting hypoglycemia. For the mice, GAG in the lysosomes nearly disappeared and glycogen particles in the cytoplasm were restored to the normal range in group 4. CONCLUSION: Glucose metabolism in patients with MPS II appeared to function well despite hepatocytic GAG accumulation and hypothetical glycogen depletion. A higher dose of IdS infusion in MPS II mice led to disappearance of lysosomal GAG and restoration of glycogen to the cytoplasm of hepatocytes.
Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Enzyme Replacement Therapy/methods ; Glycogen/*analysis ; Glycosaminoglycans/*analysis ; Hepatocytes/chemistry/*enzymology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/enzymology/physiopathology ; Iduronate Sulfatase/genetics/*physiology ; Liver/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II/blood/enzymology/physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the liver injury in rats of abdominal infection complicated with abdominal compartment syndrome(ACS).

METHODSSD rats were divided into four groups, including the sham group, the abdominal infection group, the ACS group, and the abdominal infection plus ACS group (combination group). Rats were sacrificed at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h after operation with 6 rats at each time point. Blood specimens were collected for liver function testing. Liver tissues were assessed by pathologically examination with hepatic injury severity scoring(HISS). The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4),TNF-α and IL-6 were examined by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSAt 24 h after operation, as compared to the sham group(18.2±1.3) U/L and (105.6±25.5) U/L, ALT and AST increased obviously in the abdominal infection group(68.2±17.5) U/L and (184.6±36.1) U/L, the ACS group (305.2±128.2) U/L and (638.0±104.8) U/L and the combination group (409.2±67.1) U/L and (743.2±250.2) U/L, while the combination group had a higher level as compared to the infection group and the ACS group(all P<0.05). HISS scores were significantly higher in the abdominal infection group(5.0), the ACS group(5.5) and the combination group(7.0) as compared to the sham group(1.5), but no significant differences were found among the three groups at 24 h after operation. Expressions of TLR4, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly higher in combination group than those in the other three groups.

CONCLUSIONSLiver function can be affected by abdominal infection and ACS. Abdominal infection plus ACS results in more severe liver injury.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Intra-Abdominal Hypertension ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Intraabdominal Infections ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

This study was aimed at finding out whether weight reduction alone can improve liver function in obese patients with fatty liver. We did a longitudinal, clinical intervention study on weight reduction by behavior modification, diet and exercise. The study subjects were 25 patients referred to an obesity clinic in whom obesity is the sole factor causing abnormal liver function and fatty liver. Patients were weighed about one year later. We compared the degree of improvement in hepatic function between Group I that showed weight reduction and Group II that showed no-weight reduction. Group I (13) showed dramatic improvement in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, nearly all down to within normal levels. AST showed statistically significant improvement from 74 +/- 36 IU/l to 25 +/- 7 IU/l. ALT also showed statistically significant improvement from 109 +/- 67 IU/l to 30 +/- 14 IU/l. Group II (12) showed higher AST and ALT levels on follow-up visit than initial visit. AST showed statistically significant elevation from 43 +/- 11 IU/l to 59 +/- 23 IU/l. ALT also showed statistically significant elevation from 64 +/- 21 IU/l to 97 +/- 33 IU/l. If we can rule the other causes of hepatic abnormalities in obese patients with fatty liver, we suggest these patients would benefit by weight reduction.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase/metabolism ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism ; Body Weight/physiology ; Comparative Study ; *Diet, Reducing ; Fatty Liver/complications/*diet therapy/physiopathology ; Female ; Human ; Liver/enzymology/*physiopathology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Age ; Obesity/complications/*diet therapy/physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the intervention effect of Danggui Shaoyao San on rats with cirrhotic ascites, and discuss the effect of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on cirrhotic ascites.

METHODMale SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, Danggui Shaoyao San low, middle and high dose groups. The cirrhotic ascites rat model was established by CCl4 combined with phenobarbital. Their urines were collected at 24 h to observe urine excretion of each group. Filter papers were used to determine the amount of ascites. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferasa (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by the automatic biochemistry analyzer. Plasma prothrombin time (PT) was evaluated by the blood coagulation analyzer. The concentration of AVP in plasma was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pathological changes in livers were observed by HE staining.

RESULTCompared with the model group, the Danggui Shaoyao San group showed significant improvement in live indexes, with notable decrease in serum ALT and AST and the time of PT, improvement in liver pathological changes. Simultaneously, the amount of ascites decreased to varying degrees, with notable increase in urine in 24 h and decrease in AVP concentration in plasma.

CONCLUSIONDanggui Shaoyao San can notably improve liver functions of rats with cirrhotic ascites, reduce the generation of ascites and delay the progress of liver pathological changes. Its mechanism may be related to AVP.

Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin ; blood ; Ascites ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics of acute arsenic poisoning and its influential factors.

METHODSClinical data of 47 cases of arsenic poisoning were collected and analyzed. Two cases of observation, 40 cases of mild acute poisoning, and 5 severe acute poisoning were investigated in this group.

RESULTSMyocardial enzyme activity was correlated with age and urine arsenic concentrations. Myocardial enzyme, the liver ALT, total bilirubin (TBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil) were negatively correlated with vomiting frequency, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Urine arsenic concentration was correlated with vomiting frequency and amount of soup drunk, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Despite no statistical significance in age and amount of soup drunk, the patients with more vomiting or diarrhea had less urine arsenic concentrations, cardiac enzymes and liver enzyme concentration.

CONCLUSIONAcute arsenic poisoning can lead to multiple organ damage. The damage is relevant with amount of arsenic intake, vomiting, diarrhea and urinary frequency arsenic concentration. So early use of gastric lavage, vomiting, poison discharges, and adequate application of effective antidote (Na-DMPS) as soon as possible, symptomatic treatment and the reinforced monitoring, are the rescue key for patients with acute arsenic poisoning.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arsenic ; urine ; Arsenic Poisoning ; physiopathology ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Female ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Liver ; enzymology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vomiting ; chemically induced ; Young Adult

Aloe has been widely used in phytomedicine. Phytomedicine describes aloe as a herb which has anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-aging effects. In recent years several cases of aloe-induced hepatotoxicity were reported. But its pharmacokinetics and toxicity are poorly described in the literature. Here we report three cases with aloe-induced toxic hepatitis. A 57-yr-old woman, a 62-yr-old woman and a 55-yr-old woman were admitted to the hospital for acute hepatitis. They had taken aloe preparation for months. Their clinical manifestation, laboratory findings and histologic findings met diagnostic criteria (RUCAM scale) of toxic hepatitis. Upon discontinuation of the oral aloe preparations, liver enzymes returned to normal level. Aloe should be considered as a causative agent in hepatotoxicity.
Aloe/*adverse effects ; Animals ; Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; *Drug-Induced Liver Injury/enzymology/pathology/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy/adverse effects ; Plant Extracts/adverse effects

To evaluate the induction of preneoplastic hepatic foci in relation to natural killer cell (NK) activity, we sequentially analyzed glutathione S-transferase placental form positive (GST-P+) hepatocytes and NK activity during diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and phenobarbital (PB)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Previous studies have shown that NK activity can modulate the carcinogenic process induced by chemical carcinogens. Newborn females were initially given a single intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg DEN/kg and three weeks later, they were treated with 500 ppm phenobarbital (PB). From week 3, PB was administered in drinking water for 9 weeks. Interim and terminal sacrifices were performed at weeks 12, 15 and 30. GST-P+ hepatocytes increased with age in DEN-treated rats, especially in the population of more than two GST-P+ hepatocytes. The NK activity of DEN-treated rats did not significantly differ from that of control rats until week 12, but it progressively decreased from week 15 to 30. These results indicate that changes of NK activity inversely correlated with the induction of preneoplastic hepatic foci. This strong correlation of decreased NK activity with enhanced induction of GST-P+ foci suggests that NK activity is important in the early progression of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
Animal ; Body Weight ; Carcinogens/pharmacology* ; Diethylnitrosamine/pharmacology* ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism* ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology* ; Liver/enzymology* ; Liver/cytology ; Liver Neoplasms/physiopathology* ; Organ Weight ; Placenta ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVEThis study explored the correlation of longitudinal changes in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (Mets) based on a dynamic health examination cohort.

METHODSA Mets-free dynamic cohort involving 4541 participants who underwent at least three health examinations from 2006 to 2011 was included in the study. Mets was defined according to the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch definition that included hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to analyze multivariate relative risk (RR) of repeated observations of ALT and AST in quartiles for Mets or its components according to gender.

RESULTSIn all, 826 Mets cases were reported. Adjustment of relevant parameters indicated that time-varying changes in ALT and AST levels were positively associated with the incidence of Mets in a dose-response manner. Positive association between high ALT levels and fatty liver was much stronger than that between high AST levels and fatty liver, particularly in male participants. These associations were consistently observed in the following subgroups: participants with ALT and AST levels of <40 U/L, participants with of <25 kg/m2, and participants with non-fatty liver. Furthermore, participants with 2 Mets components at baseline showed lower multivariate adjusted RRs of ALT and AST for Mets than participants with 0-1 Mets component.

CONCLUSIONThese results suggested that elevated serum ALT and AST levels were early biomarkers of Mets or its components.

Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Hepatitis ; complications ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; enzymology ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult