The sample with the number 410 was took from forensic medicine of examination at 6/4/2004. Case report: a rare amatomic change of liver arteries, among which 2 supplying blood for right part of liver, 2 other for left, 2 for bile sac-vascularization for the liver made from main liver artery and from a branch of diathesis artery. In the operation of endoscopic biliary cysticotomia, 2 arteries can be displayed, hemostatic manipulation can damage the right duct of the liver or the main liver duct, in case of removal liver samples, 2 arterial anastomosis must be made.
Hepatic Artery ; Liver ; Anatomy

Poison the rats by pesticide Bassa with dose 205mg/kg of their body mass. Observe the changes morphological and chemical structure of rats liver, remark: The changes in the liver were clearly show on the thirdly days, find expression: disorder circulation of the blood, degradation cytoplasma of hepatocytes, number hepatocytes with 2 nuclei diminished, decreased in quantities glycogen, increased in the number lipid. After the third day, regeneration of the liver rapidly happened
Poisoning ; Rats ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; liver ;

Humans ; Liver ; anatomy & histology ; Terminology as Topic

Humans ; Liver ; abnormalities ; anatomy & histology ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Situs Inversus ; complications ; Tissue Donors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anatomical variations of donor hepatic artery and explore the measures that can be taken to avoid accidental hepatic artery injury during graft procurement and reconstruction.

METHODSThe data of totally 843 consecutive patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) during the period from April 2001 to July 2006 was reviewed in relation to anatomical variation of the donor hepatic arteries. The variations of the hepatic artery, the relationship between the anomalous hepatic artery and accidental injury of the hepatic artery were analyzed.

RESULTSIn the 843 cases of OLT, the total anatomical variation rate of the donor hepatic arteries was 20.4% (172/843). The common variations included replaced or accessory right hepatic arteries originated from superior mesenteric artery (6.67%, 57/843), replaced or accessory left hepatic arteries originated from the left gastric artery (6.41%, 54/843) or from the celiac trunk and gastro-duodenal artery (1.66%, 14/843), replaced or accessory right hepatic arteries originated from the celiac trunk, common hepatic artery and gastro-duodenal artery (1.54%,13/843), replaced or accessory right hepatic arteries and left hepatic arteries coexistence (0.83%, 7/843), variation of the common hepatic artery from the superior mesenteric artery (1.54%, 13/843) or from the abdominal aorta (0.95%, 8/843).

CONCLUSIONDuring graft procurement and reconstruction, accidental injury of the hepatic artery is more likely in the presence of hepatic arterial variation, which can be a common clinical entity. Acquaintance with hepatic arterial variation and maintenance of the integrity of the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk are key to reducing potential hepatic artery injuries.

Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; blood supply ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo construct a three-dimensional (3D) model of arteries supplying the extrahepatic bile duct with a new segmentation algorithm based on submillimeter CT data.

METHODSThe new image segmentation algorithm based on interactive volume rendering was integrated into Medical Image Three-Dimensional Visualization System (MI-3DVS) as an intersected plug-in. The abdominal submillimeter CTA data of 10 patients were imported into MI-3DVS and the 3D model of the extrahepatic bile duct and its supplying arteries were constructed. The 3D model was zoomed in, zoomed out and spinned for observation and analysis of the arteries supplying the extrahepatic bile duct.

RESULTSThe 3D models of the blood supply to extrahepatic bile duct allowed stereoscopic, and accurate display of the fourth- and fifth-level branches of the hepatic artery, the second-level branches of the cystic artery, the pancreatic duodenal artery arch and the retroportal artery. The 3D models also provided a clear vision of the biliary structures including the hepatobiliary tract, the left and right hepatic ducts, gallbladder, the liver duct, and the common bile duct.

CONCLUSIONBased on the segmentation method of interactive volume rendering, the CT data of the arterioles supplying the extrahepatic bile duct can be extracted and segmented for 3D reconstruction to display the three-dimensional anatomical structures of the extrahepatic bile duct and its supplying arteries.

Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; anatomy & histology ; Hepatic Artery ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Liver ; blood supply ; Models, Anatomic

OBJECTIVETo study the methods of three-dimensional reconstruction of digitized virtual hepatic.

METHODSImages of DSCF 2511-2520 were taken from the database of digitized Virtual Chinese Human female No. 1 (VCH-F1). Method of insertion value algorithm of three-dimensional reconstruction was used to make three-dimensional block diagram. In ordering to auto-judge the position of hepatic solid and hepatic ducts, these images were shown with different colors according to the character of color and location of every spot.

RESULTSStereo image of hepatic solid could be shown satisfactorily. Every shape of stereo image and the structure of hepatic duct could be shown by revolving the three-dimensional image with different direction.

CONCLUSIONSThe image of hepatic database of digitized Virtual Chinese female No. 1 was exact. The three-dimensional image of the liver and hepatic duct made by insertion value algorithm of three-dimensional reconstruction were distinct, and it was a ideal method of three-dimensional reconstruction.

Adult ; Female ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Liver ; anatomy & histology

OBJECTIVETo study digitized virtual hepatic three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual hepatic surgery.

METHODSThe whole series of hepatic images taken from the database of digitized Virtual Chinese Human Female Number 1 (VCH-F1) was employed to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) liver. First, studied some algorithms for registration of human liver tissue images, and then, segmented the regions of liver, vein, bile duct, and gallbladder from the images. Based on them, the 3D visualization human liver model was reconstructed. Finally, a 3D visualization demo system of liver was developed based on personal computer and Windows operation system.

RESULTSThis demo system of liver provided a graphics user interface to rotate, scale the 3D liver to observe the 3D hepatic structure, and a virtual liver simulation system of resection with primary function.

CONCLUSIONSThe study may be beneficial to the future research on digitized virtual hepatic and virtual hepatic surgery, and the 3D visualization demo system of liver may be beneficial to the research on the hepatic structure.

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional ; China ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Liver ; anatomy & histology ; User-Computer Interface

No abstract available.
Fatty Liver/*complications ; Female ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat/*anatomy & histology ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*etiology

Gadoxetate disodium is a widely used magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent for liver MR imaging, and it provides both dynamic and hepatobiliary phase images. However, acquiring optimal arterial phase images at liver MR using gadoxetate disodium is more challenging than using conventional extracellular MR contrast agent because of the small volume administered, the gadolinium content of the agent, and the common occurrence of transient severe motion. In this article, we identify the challenges in obtaining high-quality arterial-phase images of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced liver MR imaging and present strategies for optimizing arterial-phase imaging based on the thorough review of recent research in this field.
Angiography ; Arteries/anatomy & histology ; Contrast Media/*chemistry ; Gadolinium DTPA/*chemistry ; Humans ; Liver/*radiography ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging