1.A new triterpenoid tetrasaccharide from the root of Scrophularia ningpoensis.
Liuqiang ZHANG ; Fujiang GUO ; Shunchun WANG ; Yiming LI
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2012;47(10):1358-62
A new oleanane-type triterpenoid glycoside, 3beta-O-(f-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranosyl-11, 13(18) diene-olean-23alpha, 28 diol (1), along with three known phenylethyl glycosides (2-4), was isolated from the root of traditional Chinese medicine Scrophularia ningpoensis. Among them, compounds 2 and 3 were obtained from Scrophularia genus for the first time. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic method including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS.
2.A new iridoid derivative from the roots of Scrophularia buergeriana.
Ximin WU ; Liuqiang ZHANG ; Xiaochong CHEN ; Li FENG ; Wangxing XING ; Yiming LI
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2014;49(7):1019-21
Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Scrophularia buergeriana Miq. (Scrophulariaceae), resulted in the isolation of a new iridoid derivative named as buergerinin (1). Its structure was elucidated as rel-(1R, 5R, 6R)-(2-oxa-bicyclo[3.3.0]oct-7-en-6, 7-diyl)dimethoxypropane based mainly on MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses.
3.Role of macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis and its drug target
Tiantian ZHU ; Ju DUAN ; Liuqiang ZHANG ; Shuang LING ; Yiming LI ; Jinwen XU
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin 2014;(6):748-751
Atherosclerosis is a complex metabolic cardiovascular disease. such inflammatory phenomena as the invasion of lipid into the arterial intima and accumulation, the increase of foam cells, the exacerbation of inflammatory lesions, plaque necrosis and disintegration, ulcer bleeding and thrombosis, fibrosis and calcification, etc, are basic pathological characteristics of ather-osclerosis. In this process, macrophages and T lymphocytes play an important role. In recent years,atherosclerosis pathology re-search mainly focuses on the role of macrophage polarization.
Basically,macrophage can be divided into two subtypes: classi-cal activation macrophage M1 and alternative activation macro-phage M2. Therefore to paper reviews the meaning of M1 and M2 macrophage polarization during atherosclerosis, regulatory pathways and drug targets research status to provide new direc-tion for innovative drugs and disease treatment.