OBJECTIVE: To improve the management level in outpatient dispensary.METHODS: The current management model in each outpatient dispensary of our hospital was introduced;the problems were pointed out and the proposals were put forward.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The current outpatient pharmacy management mode and drug control measures of "individual responsibility,weekly small stocktaking,monthly big stocktaking,and irregular spot checks" is feasible,if optimized further,which would help enhance the working quality and service level in pharmacy.

Objective To study the method of preparation of donor liver in liver transplantation. Methods The methods and skills of donor liver preparation and the anomaly artery reconstruction of graft in 64 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were retrospectively analyzed. Results All allografts had preparation and were suitable for clinical transplantation. Thirteen cases with hepatic artery anatomy variation were found. Among the 13 cases, 5 cases were reconstructed. Splenic artery (3/5) and gastro-duodenal artery (2/5) were typically used for anastomosis of the variant hepatic arteries. No complications resulted from donor liver preparation. Conclusions Correct preparation of the donor hepatic artery and biliary tracts, can decrease the incidence of hepatic artery and biliary tract complications after liver transplantation, and is the key to ensure successful donor liver preparation.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the drug use in outpatients of our hospital. METHODS: A total of 10.680 prescriptions prescribed since the issuing of the Prescription Management Method on May 2007 were reviewed for an analysis of the irrational ones involving nonstandard writing and inappropriate drug use. RESULTS: 12.0% prescriptions were nonstandard in writing and 51.6% were irrational in drug use. CONCLUSION: The prescriptions in our hospital under study are somewhat irrational in prescription writing and drug use,which is worth the highest alert.

Objective To explore the incidence of G-6-PD deficiency in Dongguan District,Dongguan,Guangdong province. Methods Cord blood was obtained in 9676 cases of live births. G6PD/6PGD ratio was measured. Results Two hundred and sixty-five cases were diagnosed as G-6-PD deficiency giving an incidence of 2.74%. The incidence in male (4.07%,230/5646) was significantly higher than that in female (0.875,35/4030) ( P

Background The clinical efficacy and safety of mouse nerve growth factor(NGF) for injection have been evaluated by Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ stage of clinical trials.But as a clinical drug,its adverse effects for special population should been further studied.Objective This clinical trial was to observe and assess the safety and tolerability of mouse NGF for injection during the application in juvenile and elder patients with optic nerve damage.Methods A multicenter non-randomized controlled trial for the safety evaluation of mouse NGF injection solution was performed in 100 eye centers in China.This study protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee of each drug research center,and written informed consent was obtained from the subject,legal mandatary and guardian prior to this study.Total 2046 patients who met the included criteria of optical nerve damage were enrolled.The patients were divided into the juvenile group(90 cases,＜ 18 years),youth-middle-age group (1868 cases,1 8-75 years) and older group(88 cases,＞75 years).Mouse NGF(30 μg)was intranuscularly injected once per day for 21 days in all the patients.Systolic and diastolic blood pressure,heart rate,intraocular pressure (lOP),laboratory examinations of blood and urine,blood biochemical indexes were recorded before and after injection.All adverse events were evaluated after administration of drug.Results There were 189 (189/2046,9.23％)dropped out cases,including 184 lost cases after 3 weeks of treatment and 5 withdrew cases from adverse responses of drug,with a shedding rate ＜10％ in each group.Total 1857 individuals finished this trial.No significant differences were found in the IOP,heart rate and blood pressure between before and after admninistration of grug in the juvenile group,youth-middle-age group and older group (P＞0.05).The incidence rate of the adverse response in the juvenile group,youth-middle-age group and older group was 57.78％,68.18％,60.01％ respectively,and the primary local adverse events were pain(48.89％),redness and swelling(59.09％),duration(54.49％),without significant difference in the rate of local adverse events among the three groups(X2 =2.302,P =0.324).The abnormal rates of laboratory results of blood and urine were not significantly different among the three groups(all at P＞0.05).The percentage of impaired fasting glucose was 7.46％,23.73％and 7.79％ in the juvenile group,youth-middle-age group and older group,respectively,and the percentage in the older group was higher than that in the juvenile group and the youth-middle-age group (x2 =8.685,P =0.005 ;x2 =27.720,P =0.000).Conclusions Injection of mouse NGF is well tolerated in juvenile and elder patients over the age of 75 years.

Objective: To explore the significance of Th17 in hepatocellular carcinoma, expecially with HBV infection.Methods:Cytometric bead array(CBA) was employed to detect 5 cytokines(IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IFN-γ,IL-17A)from 39 tumor and non-tumor tissues of HCC and combined clinical data for comparative statistic analysis.Results:The expression of IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γin liver cancer tissue[(4.61±0.28),(3.37±0.58),(3.08±1.08)pg/ml,respectively] was significant lower than non-cancer tissue [(5.57±0.59),(3.77±0.70),(3.69±1.20)pg/ml,respectively].Otherwise,the expression of IL-6,IL-17A in cancer tissue [(280.09±254.68), (2.66±1.66) pg/ml, respectively] was higher than non-cancer [(6.58 ±1.92), (1.49 ±0.98) pg/ml, respectively].And,whatever cancer or non-cancer tissue,the expression of IL-17A in tissue[(3.45±1.86)pg/ml] with high HBV load (>1 000 U/ml) was significant higher than tissue with low HBV load[(1.97±1.16)pg/ml].Conclusion: IL-17A was highly expressed in HCC,and IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γmay inhibit its expression,and IL-6 may promote it.Hepatitis B virus infection may promote Th17 expression,thereby reducing patient′s prognosis.

Objective To systematically assess the diagnostic value of gene detection for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) .Methods A literature search was performed in the database of PubMed ,Web of Science ,Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) from databases establishing to March 2015 .Relevant studies on diagnostic value of gene detection for SBP were retrieved .Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS ) was applied for the included studies .Meta-analysis was conducted using bivariate random effects model .Summary receiver operator characteristic curves (SROC) was conducted to calculate area under curve (AUC) and was compared using Z test .Results Five studies with 423 specimen involved were included in the meta-analysis .The pooled sensitivity ,specificity ,diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) ,positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of gene detection for the diagnosis of SBP were 0 .56 (95% CI:0 .49 -0 .62) ,0 .88 (95% CI:0 .83 -0 .92 ) ,9 .94 (95% C I:1 .76-56 .27 ) ,4 .35 (95% C I:1 .05 -18 .10 ) and 0 .47 (95% C I:0 .25 -0 .88 ) , respectively .The pooled sensitivity was significantly higher than that of bacterial culture (0 .25[95% CI:0 .19-0 .31]) .The AUC of SROC of gene detection was 0 .810 9 ,which was significantly higher than that of bacterial culture (AUC=0 .659 8 ,Z=3 .14 ,P<0 .01) .Subgroup analysis was conducted in patients with polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)≥250 × 106/L in ascites .All the diagnostic indices of gene detection were inferior to those of bacterial culture for SBP ,except for the sensitivity of gene detection for SBP (0 .64[95% CI:0 .53 -0 .74] vs 0 .39[95% CI:0 .29 -0 .51]) .The diagnostic value of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection for SBP was inferior to that of bacterial culture in all the aspects except for the sensitivity (0 .54 [95% CI:0 .47 -0 .61 ] vs 0 .25 [95% CI:0 .19 -0 .31 ]) . Conclusions Gene detection shows higher sensitivity than bacterial culture .The diagnostic value of gene detection is influenced by diagnostic standards .qPCR also shows high sensitivity for SBP diagnosis ,while the diagnostic value was inferior to bacterial culture .More researches with high quality are required to validate the results of this study .

Objective To study the property of the K~(+) channels at the apical membrane of mouse renal proximal tubule cells.Methods Single-channel recording of the K~(+) channel currents in apical membrane of freshly isolated renal proximal tubule cells was performed using the cell-attached mode of the patch-clamp technique.Results This kind of potassium channel appeared to be an inward rectifier,and its limiting inward slope conductance was(11.4?0.6) pS.The channel activity increased with hyperpolarization.Conclusion The potassium channel with spontaneous current was observed in most of the cell-attached patches,which is thought to be involved in volume regulation,potassium recycling and stabilization of the apical potential.

Aim To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on AngⅡ-induced hypertrophic myocytes in vitro.Methods Hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes(MC) was established via culture with angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ),then the effect of atorvastatin on the hypertrophy was detected.The surface area of MC was analyzed with the aid of NIH Image J software,and the synthetic rate of protein in MC was detected with()~3H-leucine incorporation.mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) and Corin was measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The surface area,()~3H-leucine incorporation and mRNA expression of ANP,BNP and Corin in hypertrophic myocytes were decreased after treatment of atorvastatin in a dose-dependent manner,but no change was found in the myocytes treated with DMSO.Conclusion Atorvastatin inhibits cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and the role might be independent of the cholesterol lowering effect of atorvastatin.

Objective To investigate the appropriate setting up of normal reference ranges of lymphocyte subsets in some flow cytometry laboratories and to study the effects of different flow cytometers and various reagents by different manufacturers on the analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. Methods Three FCM labs (named A, B and C) in Beijing region were selected representing 3 commonly used flow cytometers (Beckman Coulter Epics XL, Beckman Coulter Cytomics FC500, BD FACS Calibur). 50 samples from healthy donors were distributed to 3 labs and tested according to individual lab's standard operating procedure to verify whether the normal reference ranges of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets established were appropriate. The application of internal quality control was also investigated. Commercial blood quality control reagents were given to the 3 FCM labs and tested within 20 working days paralleled with routine samples. In addition, 20 patients' samples were prepared using 4 different combinations of reagents ( a , b , c and d). The results from combination a, which used the Beckman Coulter reagents and instrument, were compared to the results from combination b, c and d, which used reagents from different manufacturers. Then the prepared samples were tested on Beckman Coulter Epics XL to evaluate the effects of different combinations of reagents on the results of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets analyzed by the same instrument. Furthermore, 24 patients' samples prepared by same reagents from Beckman Coulter company were tested on both Beckman Coulter Epics XL and BD FACS Calibur respectively to assess the effects of different instruments on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. 20 patients' samples prepared by same reagents and instruments were analyzed by Beckman Coulter Epics XL analytic system and BD FACS Calibur analytic system respectively to assess the effects of the two analytic systems on the lymphocyte subsets. Results Over 10% of the results for NK and T4/T8 in lab A as well as T4 in labs B and C fell outside of their normal reference ranges. The probabilities exceeding corresponding normal reference ranges were 16% ( 9/50 ), 24% ( 12/50 ), 22% (11/50) and 12% ( 6/50 ), respectively. The results using internal blood quality control in 3 FCM labs within 20 working days were all within the reference ranges of the quality control provided by the kit. The biases from b and c reagent combinations were substantial compared with that of reagent a combination. Among the biases from b and c reagent combinations, the lowest probability of bias exceeding 10% was T8 of combination b, which had probability of 70% (14/20). The highest probabilities of hias exceeding 10% were T3 and T4 of b and c reagent combinations, which reached 100% (20/20) . Furthermore, the biases of T3, T8 and B of d reagent combination compared with that of reagent a combination were also substantial. The probabilities of bias exceeding 10% were 35% (7/20) ,85% (17/20) and 75% (15/20), respectively. Comparing the results of samples prepared and analyzed by reagents and instruments from different manufacturers to that of samples prepared and analyzed by the same company's reagents and instruments showed that there were great discrepancies in T3, T4 , T8 , B and NK. The probabilities of bias exceeding 10% were 71% ( 17/24), 80% (19/24) ,38% (9/24), 33% (8/24) and 92% (22/24), respectively. The biases of T8, NK and B were substantial when compared the results from Beckman Coulter Epics XL analytic systems and BD FACS Calibur analytic systems. The probabilities of bias exceeding 10% were 55% (11/20 ), 70% ( 14/20 ) and 55% (11/20), respectively. Conclusions FCM labs should set up their own normal reference range for peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. The normal reference range should be verified periodically. It is important to apply internal blood quality control regularly and accumulate the quality control results. The reagents and instrument for preparing peripheral blood samples should be from the same manufacturers.