With the development of thermal ablation techniques,thermal ablation has been a curative method in the treatment of liver cancer.Preoperative treatment planning as the first step in the thermal ablation process,its core purpose is to lower the complications,ensure tumor-free safety margin after ablation and improve patients' long-term survival.Preoperative treatment planning determines directly the effect of thermal ablation therapy.Preoperative treatment planning is significant to improve the accuracy and sci entific of thermal ablation therapy.Therefore,preoperative treatment planning of thermal ablation for liver cancer has become one of the research focuses in the thermal ablation fields.This review focuses on the treatment planning studies of image-guided thermal ablation for liver cancer in recent years.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxic effect of 103 palladium( 103 Pd) particle radiotherapy combined with 41℃ heating on human hepatocarcinoma cell line Bel-7402. Methods Human hepatocarcinoma cells (Bel-7402) were treated by water-heating and/or 103 Pd particle. The cell growth was determined with MTT assay, and the cell apoptosis was detected by the fluorescent stain of Hoechst33258. Results The cytotoxic effect of 103 Pd radiotherapy combinded with 41℃ heating on Bel-7402 cells was stronger than that of only 103 Pd radiotherapy. Conclusion 103 Pd radiotherapy and 41℃ heating had a synergistic effect on hepatocarcinoma cell Bel-7402, and 103 Pd radiotherapy had the cytotoxic effect on the surviving Bel-7402 cells after hot therapy.

Objective To study whether solasodine hydrochloride (SBHL) could enhance the effect of arsenic trioxide in inducing apoptosis and affecting telomerase activity in cervical cancer HeLa cells. Methods Using cell culture methods, cervical cancer HeLa cells were cultured in vitro. The optimal concentration of SBHL was determined by MTT method from 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, to 320 μmol/L. HeLa cells were grown in improved RPMI1640 supplemented respectively with arsenic trioxide(5 μmol/L As2O3), As2O3(5 μmol/L)+ SBHL( 40 μmol/L) and none (control group). The growth morphology of HeLa cells was observed under phase contrast microscopy after culture for 24, 48, and 72 h. Apoptosis of HeLa cells was determined under transmission electronic microscopy. The method of MTT was used to study the cell survival percentage. The technique of flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle and cell apoptosis percentage. The method of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (TRAP-ELISA) was used to determine telomerase activity of HeLa cells. Results Under phase contrast microscopy, in control group HeLa cells were round, densely packed; in As2O3 group the numbers of the cells were less, cell spacing increased; in As2O3 + SBHL group the cells shrinked significantly, nuclear fragmented as a petal-like, gap became larger. Under transmission electronic microscopy, there were rich microvillus on the cell surface in control group, cell intervals clear, immature connections, and the intervals did not close. The structure of the mitochondria in the cytoplasm was integrated. Most of the chromatin in the nucleus were, euchromatin and characteristics of apoptosis with heterochromatin increased and the chromatin condensed into masses, on the boundary of nuclear membrane. The microvillud on the cell surface were ruptured and decreased in As2O3 + SBHL group. The chromatin condensed into masses. The formation of apoptotic bodies was observed. The difference was statistically significant between groups in cell survival percentage at 24, 48, 72h(x2 = 10.39 , 13.88 , 17.21,respectively, all P < 0.05). Cell survival percentage in SBHL + As2O3 group (52.80%) was significantly less than that of As2O3 group(77.51%, x2 = 9.29, P < 0.05) at 72 h. In cell cycles, the difference was statistically significant between groups in C1 phase and S phase(F = 7.46,22.14, all P < 0.05), respectively. Compared with , control group[ (41.57 ± 1.56)%, (50.45 ± 2.37)%], cell percentages in S phase in As2O3 + SBHL group[(20.06 ± 4.98)%] and As2O3 group[(27.10 ± 5.32)%] were decreased(P< 0.05 or < 0.01), while cell percentage in C1 phase was increased[(58.70 ± 5.18)%, (69.67 ± 4.17)%, P< 0.05 or < 0.01]. The difference was statistically significant between groups in apoptotic percentage of HeLa cells (F = 4.01, P < 0.05). Compared with control group[ (1.18 ± 1.40)%], apoptosis percentage was significantly increased in As2O3 + SBHL group and As2O3 group [(21.08± 1.22)%, (6.04±2.53)%, P< 0.05 or < 0.01], respectively, and As2O3 + SBHL group was higher than As2O3 group(P < 0.01). The difference was statistically significant between groups in telomerase activity (F = 21.28, P< 0.05). Telomerase activity was inhibited in As2O3 group(1.214 ± 0.621) and As2O3A + SBHL group(0.865 ± 0.284) compared to control group (2.107 ± 0.057, all P < 0.05), and telomerase activity in As2O3 + SBHL group was lower than that of As2O3 group (P < 0.05). Conclusions SBHL enhances the effect of As2O3 in inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells, which is related to its inhibiting telomerase activity in HeLa cells.

To study the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of SCN8 A-related infantile spasm, one 21-month-boy identified a de novo mutation of SCN8 A-related infantile spasm was admitted to West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University in September 2019 and was enrolled as a research subject.The clinical manifestation and diagnosis process were analyzed by carrying out the retrospective analysis method.This case is the first report on SCN8 A-related infantile spasm in China.This child had hiatal hernia, which has never been reported in SCN8 A gene mutation people.The boy shows marked developmental regression after the onset of seizures at 8-month-old, and a variety of antiepileptic drugs are ineffective.Recently, seizure types have changed into infantile spasm.Levetiracetam was stopped, and provided adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). After treatment, the spasm was relieved.Hiatal hernia may be a phenotype of SCN8 A gene mutation.Sodium channel blockers display high efficacy in SCN8 A-related epilepsy.ACTH therapy for SCN8 A-related infantile spasm is effective.

Based on the associated theory of spleen-kidney deficiency about the traditional Chinese medicine and experimental research to discuss myasthenia gravis treated by integrative medicine.According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,the mechanism of myasthenia gravis is Qi deficiency of the spleen-stomach.Experimental studies showed supplementing spleen and kidney can improve ATP,muscle glycogen,fat content,other molecular biology material foundations,skeletal muscle cells under hypoxia and mitochondrial structure of animal models and patients,and therefore treat the deficiency of both spleen and kidney.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of surgical treatment and ultrasonic guidance percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA) therapy in the treatment of liver cancer.Methods 78 patiens with live cancer were randomly divided into the operation group and PRFA group,each group had 39 patients.The operation group was treated with traditional open surgery,the PRFA group was treated with radiofrequency ablation.The clinical effect was compared between the two groups.Results All patients were followed up after therapy,the 1,2,3-year survival rate between operation group and PRFA group had no significant differences (all P ＞ 0.05),but in the patients whose tumor were central type and samller than 3cm,the 1,2,3-year survival rate of PRFA group were significantly higher than operation group(x2 =4.819,4.815,4.919,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ultrasonic guidance percutaneous radiofrequency ablation therapy in the treatment of liver tumor is effective,and the effect is better than operation group,especially for the patients with central type tumor and the tumor samller than 3cm.

In order to construct a eukaryotic co-expression plasmid containing membrane-anchored Sjcl4FABP and Sjc26GST genes and identify their expression in vitro, Sj14 and Sj26 genes were obtained by RT-PCR with total RNA of Schistosoma japonicum adult worms as the template and cloned into eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAC to construct recombinant plasmids pVAC-Sj14 and pVAC-Sj26. Then a 23 amino-acid signal peptide of human interleukin-2 (IL-2) upstream Sj14 or Sj26 gene and a membrane-anchored sequence containing 32 amino-acids of carboxyl-terminal of human placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) downstream were amplified by PCR as the template of plasmid pVAC-Sj14 or pVAC-Sj26 only to get two gene fragments including Sj14 gene and Sj26 gene. The two modified genes were altogether cloned into a eukaryotic co-expression plasmid pIRES, resulting in another new recombinant plasmid pIRES-Sj26-Sj14. The expression of Sj14 and Sj26 genes was detected by RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescent assays (IFA) when the plasmid pIRES-Sj26-Sj14 was transfected into eukaryotic Hela cells. Restriction enzyme analysis, PCR and sequencing results revealed that the recombinant plasmids pVAC-Sj14, pVAC-Sj26 and plRES-Sj26-Sj14 were successfully constructed and the expression of modified Sj14 and Sj26 genes could be detected by RT-PCR and IFA. A bivalent membrane-anchored DNA vaccine encoding Sj14 and Sj26 genes was acquired and expressed proteins were proved to be mostly anchored in cellular membranes.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of gastric stromal tumors(GST)under endoseopic ultrasonography(EUS)according to its aggressive risks.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients with GST,who underwent surgery from July 1997 to July 2007,were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients underwent EUS before operation and were classified according to Fleether's 4-tier system to predict the aggressiveness of the tumors.The features of the tumor under EUS including its size,ulceration,border,echo charateristies and growth pattern were recorded and the difference between each tumor group were analyzed by ANOVO and rank sam test.Results The mean maximal diameter of GST Was 7.3 cm(range 1.0-20.0 cm),and the size of tumors with hiisher aggressiveness risk Was significantly larger than that with lower risk(P＜0.01).The mucosal ulceration,obscure border,irregular shape and echo heterogeneity were more commonly seen in the groups with higher risk(P＜0.05).There Was no difference in the internal echo and growth pattern of GST between different groups.Conclusion EUS features are useful in differentiation of the aggressiveness risk of the GST.and guide the management of the tumors.

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive therapy for gastrointestinal carcinoma postoperative pstients to relieve nausea and vomiting.Methods 80 patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma were randomly divided into intervention group(n=40)and control group(n=40).The degree of nausea and vomiting and symptom were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group.So did the degree of nausea and vomiting.The difference was significant(P＜0.05).In SCL-90,the scores of the somatization,obsessive-compulsiwe,depression and anxiety phobicanxiety,parsnoid,psychofism were significantly different with that of the Chinese normal(P＜0.05).The scores in the intervention group were lower than that of the control group after cognitive therapy(P＜0.05).Conclusion Cognitive therapy can help to alleviate psychological health score,nausea and vomiting from gastrointestinal carcinoma postoperative,so as to improve the quality of life for patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma.

Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; therapy ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; immunology ; metabolism ; Antibodies ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy