Objective To understand the significance of urinary protein components in children with different pathological types of glomerular diseases ,to explore the significance to diagnosis and treatment of disease .Methods Totally 120 children with glomerular diseases ,from November 2010 to July 2012 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected ,in which 6 children with acute glomerulo nephritis(AGN) ,35 children with minimal change disease(MCD) ,9 children with focal seg‐mental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) ,44 children with Nephritis of Schonlein‐Henoch Purpura(HSPN) ,17 children with IgA nephrop‐athy(IgAN) and 9 children with hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS) .Urine protein electrophoresis and urineβ2‐microglobulin(β2‐MG)levels were investigated in different glomerular diseases .Results Significant difference was detected inβ2‐microglobulin ,lyso‐zyme ,retinol‐binding protein ,free light chain ,α1‐microglobulin ,light chain dimmer ,albumin and transferring levels in different glo‐merular diseases(P=0 .016 ,P=0 .017 ,P=0 .017 ,P=0 .023 ,P=0 .004 ,P=0 .025 ,P=0 .049 ,P<0 .01) .A significant correlation was detected between low molecular weight protein and urineβ2‐microglobulin levels(r=0 .243 ,P=0 .025) .Conclusion It is sig‐nificant for diagnosis and treatment of glomerular diseases to the combination of urine protein electrophoresis and renal pathology .Urinary protein profiles are different in different pathological types .Proteomics may be significant for the mechanism of glomerular diseases .

Objective To study the current status of clinical control of outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to discuss the factors influencing on disease control. Methods According to the clinical targets recommended by Asian-Pacific Type 2 Diabetes Policy Group,we calculated the success rates of blood glucose,lipid profile,blood pressure and body mass index(BMI) of patients who hospitalized in our department for more than one year(group A,n=7 356), and compared these results with the corresponding rates calculated based on the earlier database(group B,n=1 084).The success rates of metabolic indexes of patients who insisted on hospitalizing monthly(group C,(n=1 367))were calculated.Besides,the factors influencing disease control were discussed through questionnaire.(Results)There were 7356 patients in group A,and the success rates of HbA1c,blood pressure,blood lipid profile and BMI were 30%,25.8%,32.6% ~ 81.3% and 50.9%,respectively.Except for the parameter of high-density lipoprotein,the other rates were higher than the responding ones of group B.There were 1367 patients in group C, and the success rates of main metabolic indexes were higher than those of group A and B.The result of the questionnaire indicated that poor understanding of diatetes,lack of health education,and relative scarcity of diplomate were the main factors that influenced the disease control. Conclusion The disease control of most of the type 2 patients with diabetes are far from satisfaction.The application of scientific disease care system is effective for improving the disease control.

Objective To explore the new diabetes care model. Methods A new flow for diabetic outpatient to visit the doctor, a uniform system for diagnosis,treatment and follow-up,an electronic medical record system,and a long-term diabetes education which mainly delighted patients on "diabetic self-management" were established.(Results)The service quality from the medical staff were improved markedly.Database including the clinical data of 10 020 patients and 2 563 serum samples and DNA samples were built up.A set of diabetes care model that laid the foundation for clinical and research work was formed. Conclusion Long-term education for patients with diabetes mellitus constitues the basic and important part of diabetic care model.The application of computer in diabetic care is the effective means.It is necessary to establish a uniform scheme for diagnosis,treatment and follow-up for the patients,and the improvement of medical staff's professional making ensures the successful implementation of the model.The combination of clinical practice and research work propels the development of scientific management model for patients with diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Infection ; etiology ; therapy ; Lymphoma ; microbiology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To probe the effects of Danlongxingnaopian on hemorrheology and bulbar conjunctiva microcirculation(BCM)in dog and to explore its effects of activating the blood and eliminating the stagnant.Methods The blood stagnant syndrome model was reproduced by injecting dextran 500 into the vein.The BCM and the hemorrheology properties were detected and compared.Results Compared with the normal group,indexes of the model group such as whole blood relative viscosity,whole blood reducing viscosity and plasm viscosity improved,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and erythrocyte sedimentation rate K increased,erythrocyte aggregation index and erythrocyte transmutation index increased,BCM's morphological mark and flow habitus mark increased(P

AIM:To select an efficient way of promoting induced pluripotent stem cells ( iPSC) to differentiate into neural stem cells (NSC) by comparing 2 methods.METHODS:The culture system in method A contained SB431542 (5 mmol/L) and drosomophorin (5 mmol/L) with 100%initial cell density, while that in method B contained SB431542 (5 mmol/L) and drosomophorin (1 mmol/L) with 30%~50% initial cell density.For comparison and identification of the 2 methods, the growth state was observed under microscope , and the expression of Pax6, nestin, Sox1 and Sox2 was quantitatively detected by real-time PCR and flow cytometry .The related protein expression and the ability of spontaneous differentiation were determined by immunofluorescence analysis .RESULTS: The cells derived from method A with 5 mmol/L of SB431542 and drosomophorin and 100% initial cell density achieved the higher expression of Pax 6, nestin, Sox1 and Sox2.The growth state was better and the cells differentiated into neurons and astrocytes normally .CONCLU-SION:The method A was superior to method B , and we recommend the method A with 5 mmol/L of SB431542 and droso-mophorin and 100%initial cell density as the method for differentiating NSC .

Objective To assess whether end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PET CO2) can predict the fluid responsiveness in septic shock patients.Methods Septic shock patients under mechanical ventilation without spontaneous breathing and with the need of a fluid challenge test were included in this study.Heart rate,central venous pressure,pulse pressure,PErCO2,and CI before and after the fluid challenge test were conducted in all the patients.Results Of the 48 septic shock patients included,34 had preload responsiveness,14 had no responsiveness.△CI and △PET CO2 after the fluid challenge test involume responders were (0.85 ± 0.47) L · min-1 · m-2 and (3.5 ± 2.5) mmHg respectively,which were higher than those in no volume responders (P ＜ 0.05).The fluid-induced changes in PET CO2 and CI were correlated (r =0.072,P ＜ 0.05).The AUCRoc of fluid challenge-induced △PET CO2 as the predictor for volume responsiveness was 0.943,and its sensitivity was 87.9％ and specificity was 93.4％ with a critical value of 5％.The AUCRoc of △PP as the predictor for volume responsiveness was 0.801,and its sensitivity was 68.1％ and specificity was 73.2％ with a critical value of 10％.Conclusion The changes of PETCO2 induced by a fluid challenge test can predict fluid responsiveness with reliability,and have a better sensitivity and specificity than the changes of PP.

Objective To study the status of knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) of environmental health among urban and rural residents and the influencing factors. Methods Totally,4 607 urban and rural residents from Lanzhou,Taiyuan,Shanghai and Qingdao were recruited and investigated by the self-designed questionnaire from July 3rd to August 10th 2007. In the questionnaire,a certain number of related questions were designed mainly on environmental health knowledge,attitude and practice. The datas were analyzed with SPSS13.0 software. Results The average scores of environmental health knowledge,attitude and practice of urban and rural residents were 4.14?1.30,4.88?0.85 and 4.05?1.11 respectively. The main influencing factors of environmental health knowledge were education background (?=0.220,P

Objective To analyze the common causes and clinical features associated with hoarseness in chil-dren of different ages. Methods The data of 2 500 children suffering from hoarseness were analyzed with electronic [aryngofiberscopy retrospectively. Results There were 1 746 males and 754 females. The top 5 causes of hoarseness were vocal cord nodules(44.2%, 1 105 cases), vocal hypertrophy (38.2% ,955cases), acute and subacute laryngitis (6.5 %, 163cases), the paralysis of vocal cord(6.82 %, 141cases), and laryngeal papilloma(1.6 %, 40cases). These five diseases were common in children with hoarseness with 2 404 out of 2 500. 37.12% of the children were under school ages as the largest age group and the ratio of male and female was 2.32 : 1. The top five diseases were statisti-cally distributed in different age groups (P<0.01) . Conclusion The main causes of hoarseness were different in different age groups. The preschoolers made up the largest group (928/2 500), showing the greatest incidence of hoarseness in children . The incidence for male patients was higher than female and the vocal cord nodules was the top disease (1 105/2 500 cases,44.2%). Hoarseness in children was different from that of adults so that to under-stand the characteristics of this disorder in children will be beneficial to the proper diagnosis and effective treatment.

Objective To investigate the relationship between nitric oxide and contractile disfunction of junctional zone of smooth muscle by detecting the expression of nitric oxide in uterine junctional zone in patients with adenomyosis.Methods From February 2012 to July 2012,23 patients with adenomyosis undergoing hysterectomy as adenomyosis group matched as 16 patients with cervical carcinoma or ovarian cancer were enrolled as control group in Center of Minimally Invasive Gynecology,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.Location of nitric oxide synthase (inducible NOS and endothelial NOS) in uterine junctional zone was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Smooth muscle cells of junctional zone were cultured and cellular mRNA levels of nitric oxide synthase were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Furthermore,concentration of nitrites in lysates of fresh junctional zone tissues and cultured cells were determined by Griess reaction.Results (1) The expression of nitric oxide synthase proteins in smooth muscle cells of junctional zone tissues:the staining of iNOS was intensive in smooth muscle cells of junctional zone in patients with adenomyosis,while staining of eNOS was scant.Both staining of iNOS and eNOS were not observed in control group.(2) The expression of NOS genes in cultured smooth muscle cells from adenomyosis:mRNA level of iNOS was elevated by 1.5 times (P ＜0.01) while eNOS level was reduced by 2.6 times when compared with those in control groups (P ＜ 0.05).(3) Nitrites concentration in lysates of junctional zone tissues and cultured cells:concentrations of nitrites in lysates of 100 mg tissues were respectively (37 ± 8) μmol/L and (28 ± 5) μmol/L in adenomyosis and control group (P ＞ 0.05).While concentrations of nitrites in 1 × 106 cells were respectively (11.8 ± 0.6) μmol/L and (10.8 ± 1.5) μmol/Lin adenomyosis and control group,which did not reach statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Upregulation of nitric oxide might be associated with contractile disfunction of smooth muscle cells in uterine junctional zone of patients with adenomyosis.