Objective To investigate the significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γexpression in the lung tissue of rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPAH). Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 for each group):normal control group (NC), hypoxia control group-one-week (HC-1w), hypoxia control group-two-week (HC-2w) and hypoxia control group-three-week (HC-3w). Normal control group was raised under normal oxygen condition in ventilated animal cage for three weeks. The other HC groups were placed in a low oxygen chamber (O2 concentration of 10%) from 9:00 AM-5:00 PM (8 h/d) everyday by one week, two weeks and three weeks. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were detected. The index of right ventricular hypertrophy RV/(LV+S) was measured by dissecting rat heart. The morphological changes of the small pul-monary arteries were observed by HE staining, and the percentage of vascular wall thickness (WT%) was calculated. The ex-pression level of PPARγprotein was detected by Westren blot assay. Results The mPAP, RVSP and RV/(LV+S) were sig-nificantly higher in HC groups than those of NC group (P<0.05). The morphology of pulmonary arteries showed vessel wall thickening and vessel lumina stenosis in HC groups compared with that of NC group. The PPARγexpression in lung tissue was significantly lower in HC groups than that of NC group, and the downward trend was more obvious with the extension of time. Conclusion PPARγplays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hyper-tension.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Head ; innervation ; Humans ; Neuritis ; therapy

Objective The study aimed to assess the relationship between the plasma resistin,obesity and insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods We measured fasting plasma resistin in 60 NAFLD patients and 28 matched normal control subjects from Oct.2005 to Feb.2006.The level of plasma resistin was measured by ELISA method.Insulin resistance by homeostasis model(HOMA),height,weight,waist circumstance,hip girth,waist to hip ratio(WHR),body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,HDL-cholesterol,LDL-cholesterol,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and fasting insulin were measured as well.Results Plasma resistin levels were higher in NAFLD patients as compared to controls(8.56?2.5 vs 6.39?2.81,P

Objective To evaluate characteristic clinical and imaging findings of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET) in dual-phase contrast enhancement MSCT.Methods The dual-phase contrast enhancement MSCT images of 23 lesions in 20 patients with histologically confirmed pancreatic NET were studied retrospectively.Their clinical presentations,imaging characters as well as the intensities of lesions and normal pancreas in each phase were measured,and the following indices were calculated.First,the absolute enhancement of lesions,including the increasing of CT value of the maximum enhancement area within a tumor in arterial phase,that was named A1 in short,and that of the minimum enhancement area was labeled as A2.The same ROI measured increasing CT values in portal venous phase was labeled as V1 and V2 respectively.Secondly,the relatively enhancement indices comparing with the normal pancreas in the same patient within the same phase were calculated.This included the differences between the maximum,as well as the minimum,enhancement areas of tumors and the normal pancreas in arterial phase,which was named as AP1 and AP2 respectively,and those differences in portal venous phase,which were labeled as VP1 and VP2 respectively.All of the tumors were graded as G1 to G3 according to the WHO classification in 2010.A Kruskal Wallis test were performed to compare differences of tumor diameters and the enhancement indices.The change trend of enhancement indices varying with pathology grading were described.Fisher exact test was used to find differences of clinical and imaging characters.Results Twenty-three lesions in 20 patients included 13 lesions in grade 1 (G1),8 in G2,and 2 in G3.Among the 10 patients with G1 NET,7 of them had no endocrine symptoms,while the other 3 had endocrine symptoms.Six of them had no abdominal pain,while 4 of them complained of it.All of the 10 patients with G1 NET had no hepatic metastasis.Among 8 patients with G2 NET,4 of them were with endocrine abnormality,and the other 4 were not.Five of them complained of abdominal pain while the other 3 did not.Six of them had no hepatic metastasis,and 2 of them had.Both of the 2 patients with NET in G3 did not have any endocrine abnormality,and one of them complained abdominal pain.Both of them were with hepatic metastasis.There was no difference between groups that whether or not endocrine syndrome and abdominal pain was presented (x2 =2.238,0.713,P =0.318,1.000),while hepatic metastasis was of significant differences (x2 =9.516,P =0.003).Tumor location,distinct outline,necrosis and/or calcification were not significantly different.Tumor enhancement showed a probable trend of decrease in group of higher grade.A1 decreased from (126.4 ± 45.7)HU to (38.7± 8.5)HU (x2 =7.254,P=0.027),A2 decreased from (94.1 ±31.1)HU to (22.8 ± 14.0) HU (x2 =7.323,P =0.026) and AP1 dropped from 80.6 HU(-21.8 — 169.7 HU) to -36.7 HU(-41.6—-31.7 HU) (x2 =6.778,P =0.034).All of the indices mentioned above were of significant difference and the other indices showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Quantitative assessment of their enhancement patterns may provide useful information to preoperative grading of pancreatic NET,and tumors in a higher grade may show poorer enhancement.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of Sennae Folium combined with mannitol for bowel cleaning on multi-slice spiral CT bowel imaging. METHODS:52 patients receiving multi-slice spiral CT imaging examination in our hospital during Jun. 2011 to Jun. 2012 were collected retrospectively,and then divided into control group(22 cases)and observation group(30 cases) according to the methods of bowel preparation. Both groups fasted for 12 h before examination. Sennae Folium 20 g soaked in boiled water 500 ml for half an hour was given to patients in control group 12 h before examination,and then was soaked in boiled water 500 ml again for drinking and other pure water 1 000 ml was also given to patients. Sennae Folium 10 g soaked in boiled wa-ter 500 ml was given to patients in observation group 1 d before examination and 2 h after breakfast;soaked in boiled water 500 ml again 2 h after lunch;10% mannitol 500 ml and pure water 1 000 ml were given to patients after supper. Both groups received multi-slice spiral CT bowel imaging until the patients defecated watery stool after medication. The effective rate of bowl cleaning, image quality and the incidence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:The effective rate of bowel cleaning was 100% in observation group,which was significantly higher than that of control group(81.82%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). The excellent and good rate of imaging quality was 96.67% in observation group,which was significantly better than that of control group(81.82%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). The incidence of ADR as abdominal distension,nausea,intestinal mucosa damage in observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Sennae Folium combined with mannitol is effective method to prepare enteric multi-slice spiral CT imaging exam-ination,and perform good bowl cleaning effect,high image quality and low incidence of ADR.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs 653765 and rs514049 inADAM10gene and clinical characteristics in asthma in Han Chinese children. MethodsA case-control study was performed in that research, and 221 children with asthma were recruited and an other 236 normal children were recruited as controls. The genotypes of two SNPs in ADAM 10 gene were detected using PCR-RFLP. And all data were analyzed by SPSS 19 . 0 . Results In case-controlled study, we found the frequency of TT genotype in case group was higher than that of controlgroup (P=0 . 028 ), and the frequency of T allele was higher than that of control group (P=0 . 008 ). The genotypes and alleles of rs 514049 was not associated with asthma (P=0 . 604 , 0 . 356 ).There were no difference in serum ADAM 10 levels between asthma and control group (P=0 . 238 ), but in asthma group we found patients with TT genotype may have a higher level ADAM 10 than the one with CC genotype (P=0 . 034 ). The polymorphism of rs 653765 was not associated with the level of C-reaction protein, the number of LYM, IgE and EOS% (P>0 . 05 ). Conclusions The genotype of rs 653765 in ADAM 10 gene was associated with asthma in the central of China, and T allele was a risk factor. The polymorphism of rs 653765 might be associated with the levels of ADAM 10 .

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-protein-coding RNAs,which play important roles in the cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,as well as activation of oncogenic and antioncogenic signals.Researches show that the abnormal expressions of miRNAs are closely related to the tumorigenesis,histological type,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of lung cancer.So miRNAs may be the most potential and promising therapeutic targets for lung cancer.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common childhood behavioral disorder,and it is characte-rized by the core symptoms of attention deficit,hyperactivity and impulsivity.In recent years,a variety of neuropsychological deficits related to ADHD have been confirmed,including intelligence,attention and inhibition,verbal and spatial working memory,set shift,planning and monitoring.Some important theories related to the metal mechanism of ADHD have been put forward,and the representatives include behavioral inhibition theory,cognitive-energetic model,dual pathway theory and state regulation theory.

AIM: To study the changes in anterior chamber angle after phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation with ultrasound biomicroscopy.METHODS: Small-incision phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation were performed in 50 eyes of 46 senior patients, and the changes of anterior chamber angle were determined quantitatively by using ultrasound biomicroscopy before and one month after the surgery.RESULTS: In all patients, the angle was widened significantly one month after the surgery (P＜0.01). The measurements of TIA500 ( trabecular-iris angle at 500μm from the scleral spur) , AOD250 (angle-opening distance at 250μm from the scleral spur) and AOD500 (angle-opening distance at 500μm from the scleral spur) increased significantly after the operation ( P＜ 0.01). The mean post/pre-operative TIA500ratio, AOD250 ratio and AOD500 ratio were 1.65 (1.12-4.91),1.81 (1.06-2.67) and 1.65 (1.01-2.76), respectively. A significant negative correlation existed between preoperative and postoperative data.CONCLUSION: Small-incision cataract surgery deepens the anterior chamber and widens anterior chamber angle significantly in senior patients. The narrower the preoperative angle, the higher ratio of post/preoperative ratio found.

Background Bevacizumab has been widely used in the treatment of new blood vessel disease in ophthalmology.The investigation of the pharmacokinetics and safety after intracameral injection of bevacizumab can offer the basis for the management of iris neovascularization and neovascular glaucoma.Objective The present study was to observe the distribution of bevacizumab(avastin)in eye tissue and toxic effects following the injection of anterior chamber.Methods Twenty-four New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into two groups randomly.0.05 ml (1.25mg)of Bevacizumab was intracamerally injected into the left eyes in the experimental group,and a balanced salt solution of 0.05 ml was injected in the same way into the left eyes of the control group.The anterior segment of eyes and ocular fundus were examined by slit-lamp microscope and direct ophthalmoscope after injection.Intraocular pressure was measured and corneal endothelial microscopy was performed before and after the injections.Five rabbits of the two groups were sacrificed on the first day,the fourth day,the seventh day,the fourteenth day,and the thirtieth day after injection,and the eyeballs were enucleated for histopathological examination.The ultrastructure of eye tissue was observed under the transmission electron microscope on the fourth day and the thirtieth day,and then immunofluorescence staining were performed to assess the distribution of bevacizumab in the eye tissues.This experiment complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission(Version 1988).Results No abnormality in the cornea,lens,vitreous and retina was observed after the injection of bevacizumab under the slit lamp microscope and direct ophthalmoscope.No significant differences were found in intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density in the bevacizumab group compared with the control group before injection and 2 hours,1 day,7 days,14 days,30 days after injection(P =0.760,P =0.956).No histopathological and ultrastructural changes of the cornea,lens,chamber angle,iris,ciliary body and retina were seen after the injection in the experimental group and control group under the light microscope and transmission electron microscope.Bevacizumab was distributed in the anterior chamber angle,iris,ciliary body,choroid and retina in injected eyes and fellow eyes after intracameral injection with red fluorescence and presented the dynamic changes with the lapse of time.The immunofluorescence response of eye tissue to bevacizumab was weaker in the fellow eyes compared with injected eyes.Bevacizumab was mainly distributed in the vessel wall and lumen.Conclusions Bevacizumab can quickly distribute in the vascular tissue of the anterior chamber angle,iris,ciliary body,choroid and retina in injected eyes after intracameral injection without obvious toxic effects to eye tissue.Bevacizumab administered intracamerally may be a new strategy or a joint strategy for iris neovascularisation.