Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Antioxidants ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Ascorbic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health ; Vitamin E ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the clinical value of circumferential strain and strain rate in estimating the carotid elasticity. Methods Thirty-five consecutive patients of hypertension were enrolled in this study as the patient group and 36 healthy volunteers whose ages were matched with the patient group were included as controls. The intima-media thickness(IMT) of common carotid arteries of both the patients and controls were measured using RF-Data technique of ultrasound vascular measurement and the following traditional parameters reflecting common carotid elasticity were obtained: pulse wave velocity (PWV),arterial compliance (AC). While the new parameters reflecting vascular strain including endovascular longitudinal strain(EN-LS), endovascular circumferential strain(EN-CS), endovascular longitudinal strain rate(EN-LSR) ,endovascular circumferential strain rate(EN-CSR), adventitial longitudinal strain(EP-LS),adventitial circumferential strain ( EP-CS ), adventitial longitudinal strain rate ( EP-LSR ), adventitial circumferential strain rate(EP-CSR) were collected using the technique of X-strain. All the corresponding parameters were compared between hypertensive group and controls. The correlations between elasticity and hemodynamic parameters were analyzed. Results In the hypertension patients,PWV was higher while AC,EN-CS,EN-CSR,EP-CS and EP-CSR were lower than that of the control group( P ＜0.05). No significant differences were detected in the longitudinal strain and strain rate. In the hypertension group,AC correlated positively with PWV, while EN-CS, EN-CSR, EP-CS and EP-CSR correlated negatively with PWV and positively with AC. Conclusions Circumferential strain and strain rate conform well to the mechanical principle and the characteristic anatomic and histological structure of the vessels and may be used to reflect the early changes of the vascular elasticity.

Objective To analyze the clinical,imaging and pathological features of cortical vein thrombosis (CoVT). Methods Ten patients with CoVT (4 patients with CoVT alone and 6 patients with CoVT and venous sinus thrombosis)treated at Navy General Hospital from January 2006 to Jun 2013 were collected retrospectively.Its etiology,imaging,and pathological features of brain tissue in 3 patients were analyzed. Results Of the 10 patients with CoVT,3 were female and 7 were male.Their mean age was 31 ± 15 years old.(1)Brain CT scan and MRI showed hemorrhagic cerebral infarction,and contrast-enhanced MRI showed scattered heterogeneous enhancement within lesions. DSA could find CoVT at different parts.(2)3 patients underwent brain biopsy because they were initially diagnosed as brain tumor. Pathological examination showed glial cell,endothelial proliferation and phagocytic reaction.Scattered spotty bleeding was observed,and significant expansion of small veins,A few of them had blood stasis and thrombosis. Conclusion CoVT is one kind of intracranial venous thrombosis. It is more common occurred in young and middle aged adults,and most of them were venous sinus thrombosis.It is caused by retrograde thrombosis and spread to cortical veins.CoVT is easily to be misdiagnosed as brain tumor.Combination of clinical and imaging findings is needed for accurate diagnosis.

Fuzi is a medicine used for rescuing from collapse by restoring yang as well as a famous toxic traditional Chinese medicine. In order to ensure the efficacy and safe medication, Fuzi has mostly been applied after being processed. There have been different Fuzi processing methods recorded by doctors of previous generations. Besides, there have also been differences in Fuzi processing methods recorded in modern pharmacopeia and ancient medical books. In this study, the authors traced back to medical books between the Han Dynasty and the period of Republic of China, and summarized Fuzi processing methods collected in ancient and modern literatures. According to the results, Fuzi processing methods and using methods have changed along with the evolution of dynasties, with differences in ancient and modern processing methods. Before the Tang Dynasty, Fuzi had been mostly processed and soaked. From Tang to Ming Dynasties, Fuzi had been mostly processed, soaked and stir-fried. During the Qing Dynasty, Fuzi had been mostly soaked and boiled. In the modem times, Fuzi is mostly processed by being boiled and soaked. Before the Tang Dynasty, a whole piece of Fuzi herbs or their fragments had been applied in medicines; Whereas their fragments are primarily used in the modern times. Because different processing methods have great impacts on the toxicity of Fuzi, it is suggested to study Fuzi processing methods.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; history ; methods ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; History, 15th Century ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, Ancient ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; methods ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry

Based on the research methods and technologies of science of Chinese materia medica, chemistry and mi-crobiology, the resource material conversion of functional material, biomass energy, nutrients in castoff from Chinese materia medica industrialization is promoted by microbial transformation. This will help enhance the resource utiliza-tion value, extend resource industry chains, and realize Chinese materia medica resource industry with the best use of everything, resource-saving and environment-friendly recycling economy development.

Objective To observe the efficacy ,safety and patient acceptance of the artificial airway with the oro‐pharyngo‐laryn‐gead airway cap(OPLAC) for hip replacement surgery in patients with intravenous‐inhalation combined anesthesia .Methods Sev‐enty eight cases of patients receiving the hip replacement surgery were included ,42 patients were to be adopted to establish artificial airway with the OPLAC for intravenous‐inhalation combined anesthesia ,another 36 patients treated with heath side‐lying position hypobaric spinal‐epidural anesthesia .There are two groups ,the oro‐pharyngo‐laryngead airway cap group(OPLAC ,n=42) and hy‐pobaric combined spinal‐epidural anesthesia group (CESA ,n=36) .Monitor the changes of respiratory and circulatory parameters of the two groups before the start of anesthesia ,anesthetic after 10 min ,30 min ,1 h ,and handling marrow ,observing occurrence of complications (delirium ,sore throat ,nausea ,vomiting ,deep vein thrombosis) ,following up the degree of satisfaction of patients and surgeons for anesthesia .Results The respiratory and circulatory parameters of the OPLAC group during anesthesia induction and maintenance were relatively stable ,on the other hand ,significant cyclic inhibition (blood pressure and heart rate decresing ) and re‐spiratory rate declining were observed in the CESA group after anesthesia ,cases with the use of atropine and dopamine significantly more than OPLAC group .The circulation and breath in the OPLAC group were relatively stable when handling marrow ,while cir‐culation fluctuating Significantly in the CESA group (blood pressure decreasing and heart rate increasing ) .The incidence of delirium in the CESA group was significantly higher than OPLAC group .The patient satisfaction of the OPLAC group was significantly bet‐ter than the CESA group .Conclusion The artificial airway with OPLAC for hip replacement surgery in patients with intravenous‐inhalation combined anesthesia is safe ,effective ,and satisfactory .

Objective To investigate the pathophysiological features of rat hemorrhagic shock under high temperature conditions.Methods A total of 128 SD rats were assigned to high temperature group and normal temperature group according to the random number table,with 64 rats per group.Rats in high temperature group were pretreated at 342 for 12 h,and in normal temperature group were kept at 25℃.Hemorrhagic shock models in rats were produced by withdrawing 40％ of the total blood volume via the femoral artery.Parameters of the two groups were measured including blood electrolytes (Na +,K +),plasma osmotic pressure,liver function [aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT)],kidney function [creatinine (CREA)],arterial blood gases (pH,PO2 and PCO2) and cardiac function [heart rate (HR),cardiac output (CO),cardiac index (CI) and DO2].Animal survival time and survival rate were detected.Results Before shock,high temperature group versus normal temperature group showed higher detections of Na+ concentration [(142.3 ± 2.2) mmol/L:(139.1 ±1.5) mmol/L],plasma osmotic pressure [(304.8 ± 4.7) mmol/L:(300.0 ± 1.9) mmol/L],HR [(462 ±30) times/min:(402 ± 44) times/min],CO [(0.892 ± 0.190) L/min:(0.713 ± 0.090) L/min] and CI [(0.0030±0.0006)L·min-1 · cm-2:(0.0023 ±0.0002)L· min-1 · cm-2] (P＜0.05).After shock,normal temperature group showed further increased concentrations of Na + and K + and significantly enhanced AST,ALT and CREA compared to normal temperature group (P ＜ 0.05).After shock,CO,CI and DO2 in high temperature group were decreased by 63％,63％ and 69％ respectively compared to those before shock,but less decrease was observed in normal temperature group.Rat survival rate and survival time were significantly reduced in high temperature group compared to normal temperature group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Pathophysiological changes of hemorrhagic shock in rats under high temperature are mainly manifested as impaired cardiac function,significantly increased concentrations of Na + and K + and significantly shortened survival time.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical efficacy of Yiguanjian Decoction (YD) combined Adefovir Dipivoxil Tablet (ADT) in treating HBeAg negative chronic viral hepatitis B (CVHB) active compensated liver cirrhosis (LC) patients.

METHODSTotally 68 HBeAg negative CVHB active compensated LC patients initially treated were assigned to the treatment group and the control group using random digit table, 34 in each group. Patients in the control group took ADT alone, 10 mg each time, once per day. Those in the treatment group additionally took YD, one dose per day. The therapeutic course for all was 48 weeks. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil) were detected once in every two weeks. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA and four items of serum liver fibrosis [procollagen type I (PCN), hyaluronidase (HA), procollagen III peptide (PCIII), laminin (LN)] were detected once per every 4 weeks. Abdominal ultrasound B was performed before and after treatment. The inner diameter of the portal vein and the size of spleen were recorded. The fibrosis degree of liver was evaluated using Fibroscan. Efficacy of Chinese medicine (CM) was evaluated between the two groups before and after treatment using CM syndrome integrals. Efficacy of Western medicine (WM) was also evaluated between the two groups using Child-Pugh grading. Results Compared with before treatment in the same group, ALT and AST levels restored to normal levels, HBV-DNA turned negative (HBV-DNA < or = 1 x 10(2)) in the two groups after 48-week treatment. Besides, levels of TBil, ALB, PCIV, HA, PCIII, and LN obviously decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Results of ultrasound B showed the inner diameter of the portal vein and the size of spleen decreased. Fibroscan results showed that the elasticity value of the liver obviously decreased (P < 0.05). Besides, post-treatment levels of PCIV, HA, PCEJ, and LN, and the elasticity value of the liver decreased more obviously in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in post-treatment levels of ALT, AST, TBil, ALB, inner diameter of the portal vein, or the size of spleen between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, scores of Chinese medical syndrome and Child-Pugh scores decreased in the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides, scores of Chinese medical syndrome decreased more obviously in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The effective rate was 8824% (30/34) in the treatment group, higher than that of the control group [67.65% (23/34)] with statistical difference (P <0.05). Conclusion Combined treatment of YD and ADT could significantly improve symptoms of CM and fibrosis degree of liver of HBeAg negative CVHB active compensated LC patients.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; virology ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Tablets

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the anatomical and developmental characteristics of nasal sinuses in 1-2 years old children; and provide potential evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis in 1-2 years old children. METHOD: Coronal CT scans of 60 cases (1-2 years old children) were studied with the imaging station. Reference datas were identified on these images using imaging station. The gasification conditions of the sinuses were identified and measured. RESULT: 100% of the frontal sinuses were not developed, while 100% of the maxillary sinuses were developed. The mean of the transverse and vertical diameters for the left side of the maxillary sinuse was (13.32 ± 2.88) mm and (13.55 ± 2.43) mm, respectively. While those for the right side were (13.63 ± 2.75) mm and (13.59 ± 2.13) mm, respectively. The anterior and posterior ethmoid sinuses were 100% developed. The mean transverse and vertical diameters for the left side of the anterior ethmoid sinus were (3.94 ± 0.86) mm and (11.92 ± 1.67) mm, respectively. While those mean for its right side were (3.88 ± 0.88) mm and (12.18 ± 1.86) mm, respectively. The mean transverse and vertical diameters for the left side of the posterior ethmoid sinus were (6.02 ± 1.07) mm and (10.51 ± 1.43) mm, respectively. While those for the right side were (5.91 ± 1.20) mm and (10.51 ± 1.55) mm, respectively. 88.3% (106 sides) of the sphenoid sinuses were developed, while 11.7% (14 sides) were not developed. The mean transverse and vertical diameters for the left side of the sphenoid sinus were (5.18 ± 2.15) mm and (5.78 ± 1.86) mm, respectively. While those for the right side were (4.91 ± 2.24) mm and (5.89 ± 2.03) mm, respectively. CONCLUSION The nasal sinuses in 1-2 years old children have been already developed. The development of the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses was clear and definite. The pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus was defined in many babies; however, the pneumatization of the frontal sinus was not defined in all babies. Acute rhinosinusitis in 1-2 years old children is not uncommon. Therefore, definite diagnosis and positive treatment of such cases are essential for avoidance of serious complications.
Ethmoid Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; Frontal Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Infant ; Maxillary Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; Sinusitis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Sphenoid Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To learn the characteristics of road traffic injury cases caused by electric bicycles in Changshan County from 2013 to 2016,and to provide evidence for the development of preventive measures or traffic regulations. Methods: The surveillance data of road traffic injuries caused by electric bicycles was collected from the hospital-based product injury monitoring system in Changshan County during 2013-2016. The descriptive epidemiologic analysis on demographic characteristics,body parts and degree of injury was conducted. Results: A total of 7 078 road traffic injury cases caused by electric bicycles were reported from 2013 to 2016,accounting for 49.58% of road traffic injuries. The proportion of electric bicycle injuries was higher in females than in males（P<0.05）. There were 4 893 cases aged 30-64 years,accounting for 69.13%;5 562 cases with an education level of junior high school or below,accounting for 78.58%;2 005 cases occurring from July to September,accounting for 28.33%;5 216 cases occurring from 8:00 to 19:00,accounting for 73.69%. The injury mainly lay in head,accounting for 30.77%（2 178 cases）. Most injuries were flesh wounds,accounting for 74.96%（5 306 cases）. Most cases went home after treatment,accounting for 76.09%（5 386 cases）. Conclusion The incidence of road traffic injury caused by electric bicycles is high in Changshan County. Improving the safety awareness of women and people aged 30-64 years should be focused on.