Glycogen synthase kinase-3(GSK3)is a fascinating serine/threonine protein kinase which exists in cells generally.GSK3 activity is regulated by phosphorylation,protein complex formation,and its intracellular localization.GSK3 regulates many functions including cell survival and apoptosis,structure and motility,intracellular signaling pathways and so on.It is very important to keep the activity of GSK3.GSK3 has been linked to all of the primary abnomalities associated with AD.It is very important to study the inhibition of GSK3 as a therapeutic approach to treat AD.All the studies suggest that GSK3 is a promising therapeutic target for AD.

Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of ischemic stroke. Peripheral blood leukocytes are involved in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis and cause vascular endothelial injury. A series of changes of peripheral immune cel take place after acute ischemic stroke and cause inflammatory cel infiltrating into the brain tissue. The elevated leukocyte count is closely associated with the occurrence and prognosis of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Studies have also shown that the elevated leukocyte count may influence the occurrence of ischemic stroke, neurological deficit, recurrence, and death. This article reviews the relationship between peripheral blood leukocytes and ischemic stroke.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the location of anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACL) and the areas of bone bruises in patients with an acute ACL injury.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on MRI of patients with ACL injuries from January to June 2019. According to the location of the ACL rupture on the distal to proximal length, the patients were divided into 5 groups, namely Type I, >90%; Type II, 75%-90%; Type III, 25%-75%; Type IV, 10%-25%, Type V, <10%. Gender, weight, body mass index, depth of lateral femoral condyle notch, and medial meniscus injury were compared among the five groups. The sagittal plane images of ePDWSPIRCLEAR sequence were selected to define the layer with the largest contusion areas of femur and tibia respectively. The maximum bone contusion areas of these two layers was measured using Image J 1.52t software.Results:Among the 63 cases of acute ACL injury, three cases (4.8%) were with type I tear, 14 cases (22.2%) with type II tear, 40 cases (63.5%) with type III tear, 2 cases (3.2%) with type IV tear, and 4 cases (6.3%) with Type V tear. There was no contusion of lateral femoral condyle or lateral tibial plateau bone in type I and type IV. The lateral femoral condyle bone contusion areas was 0 (0, 64.12) mm 2 in type II, 182.34 (86.58, 334.38) mm 2 in Type III, 38.64(0, 193.36) mm 2 in Type V with statistically significant difference ( H=21.665, P=0.000). The largest areas of bone contusion in the lateral tibial plateau was 76.78(28.25, 205.57) mm 2 in type II, 120.93(51.78, 239.37) mm 2 in Type III, 190.51(80.86, 238.75) mm 2 in Type V with statistically significant difference ( H=11.939, P=0.018). The maximum bone contused areas of the lateral tibial plateau in the medial meniscus injury group was 48.0(0, 105.97) mm 2, which was smaller than that in the non-injury group 185.67(54.36, 257.41) mm 2 ( H=8.848, P=0.003). The maximum bone contusion areas of the lateral femoral condyle in the injured group was 162.19(63.03, 301.33) mm 2, which was greater than 0(0, 103.37) mm 2 in the uninjured group ( H=11.554, P=0.001). Conclusion:ACL rupture often occurs in the middle segment. The middle segment ACL fracture combined with lateral meniscus injury had with the highest probability and with the largest area of bone contusion of lateral femoral condyle. The fracture of the ACL at the farthest terminal has the largest bone contusion areas of the lateral tibial plateau and with the lowest probability of combined injury of the medial meniscus.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Cell Count ; Caffeic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tablets ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To know the condition of cognition of cardiac surgical patients for patient safety.Methods Carried out a semi-structured depth interviews among 8 cardiac surgical patients,and then cleared up the information by phenomenology method.Results Three themes were extracted:patients' consciousness about patient safety,the lack of knowledge of patients in patient safety management,the lack of emotional support of patients in patient safety.Conclusions Some positive counter-measures should be taken by nursing administrators to resolve patients' difficulty and confusion,and then promote patients take part in the course of safety management of patients,ensure patients' safety.

Objective:To describe the application of intraoral di st raction osteogenesis for correction of maxillofacial and mandibular deformities . Methods: 5 cases with serious maxillofacial or mandibula r deformities underwent distraction by using 2 types of intraoral distraction d evice.Mandibular lengthening and maxillary widening for micrognathia and maxilla ty constriction was performed in 1 case with Treacher Collions syndromes. M axillary distraction osteogenesis for maxillary hypoplasia in 2 cases.Simultaneo us maxillary and mandibular distraction in 1 case with hemifacial microsomia. T ransport distraction for mandibular body rectangle defect in 1 case. Results: Satisfactory morphologic results were achieved in all patients with good facial symmetry, ad equate occlusal relationship without any complication.Conclusions: Intraoral distraction osteogenesis provides a safe and effective treatment for the reconstruction of facial morphologic and occlusal relationshi p.

Objective:To explore the roentgenographic and biomechanical characters of distraction osteogenesis(DO) in the treatment of mandibular defect.Methods:4 beagle dogs were used to establish 2.0 cm mandibular defect model,after 6 months, a 1.5 cm transport disc was surgically created adjacent to the defect area in an intraoral way, and intraoral device was placed on the transport disc and the base bone segments.A reconstructive plate was applied to stabilize the bone segments. After a 10 day latency period, the transport disc was advanced at a rate of 0.5 mm ? 2/day until the bone fragments were docked at the planned position.35 weeks after completion of distraction the animals were sacrificed,specimen retrieval,roentgenography and the stress testing were performed.Results:The regenerated segments were comparable with the corresponding segments of native mandible,and exact location of junction between the regerated and preexisting bone could not be determined easily. Roentgenographic revealed that the defects were reconstructed with outer cortical layer and trabecular medullary cavity of the bone.The regenerated segments remained less radiodense than the native mandible.Stress test demonstrated that the average ultimate strength of regenerated segmens was (69.4?19.2) MPa,that of the corresponding normal mandible was (86.9?31.9) MPa,and that of junction between transport disc and base bone was(46.9?8.4) MPa. Conclusion:Intraoral distraction osteogenesis may be feasible in the treatment of mandibular defect.

Objective:To study the ultrastructural characters and mineral content of the newly formed bone induced by distraction osteogenesis(DO) in the canine mandibular defects.Methods:4 beagle canines were used to establish 2.0 cm segmental mandibular defect surgically. Intraoral bifocal distraction osteogenesis was used to repaire the defects. After a 10-day latency, the transport disc was advanced at a rate of 0.5 mm? 2/day until the bone fragment was docked at the planned position. Specimen retrieval at 35 weeks after completion of distraction, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analysis was then performed. The mineral content was measured by electron dispersive spectroscopy.Results:35 weeks after application of DO the mandibular defects were completely filled with regenerated bone. The regenerated bone was compact, sturdy and mature. The new bone was closed to the transport disk. The Ca/P content ratio was 1.80 in the regenerated bone and 2.02 in the transport disk.Conclusion: DO may induce new bone formation and may be used to repaire mandibular defects.

Objective To investigate the readiness for hospital discharge of patients who had undergone spinal operation at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, to guide the medical care and health education. Methods A total of 164 patients after spinal operation who have readying to discharge were selected and investigated by General Information Questionnaire, Activity of Daily Life Scale and Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale. Apply the Excel for data inputting, SPSS19.0 for statistical analysis and choose rate, x±s and so on for statistical description according to the types of data. Results Of all the 164 patients, 47 cases (28.7%) weren′t well prepared, 117 cases (71.3%) were well prepared;the score of
Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale was (142.38±34.23 points and the average score of all the articles was (7.12±1.72) points. Conclusions The readiness for hospital discharge score of patients who had undergone a spinal operation at West China Hospital, Sichuan University is low and their readiness for hospital discharge is inadequate. Medical staff can improve the patients′readiness for hospital discharge by strengthening health guidance in order to promote the recovery of patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of clemastine fumarate on lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits.Methods Fifty New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes,weighing 2.0-3.0 kg,were divided into 3 groups using a random number table:sham operation group (Sham group,n =10),I/R group (n =20) and clemastine fumarate group (Cle group,n =20).The model of lung I/R was established by clamping the left hilum of lung and decreasing the tidal volume followed by restoration of perfusion and ventilation 1 h later in I/R and Cle groups.At 3 h of ventilation in group Sham and 2 and 4 h of reperfusion in I/R and Cle groups,blood samples were collected for determination of serum tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The left lung was lavaged,and the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was colleted for determination of white blood cell count.Lung specimens were obtained for microscopic examination of the ultrastructure of lung tissues and for determination of wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio),expression of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction) and cell apoptosis (by TUNEL).The apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with Sham group,the W/D ratio,white blood cell count in BALF,serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-8 and apoptosis rate were significantly increased,and the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA was up-regulated in I/R and Cle groups (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with I/R group,the W/D ratio,white blood cell count in BALF,serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-8 and apoptosis rate were significantly decreased,and the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA was down-regulated in Cle group (P＜0.05 or 0.01).The pathological changes of lung tissues were significantly attenuated in Cle group than in I/R group.Conclusion Clemastine fumarate can attenuate lung I/R injury in rabbits.